The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a family of multifunctional enzymes involved in cellular detoxification. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of albendazole - drug of choice for trichinellosis - on the total activity and kinetics of cytosolic GST in the mouse intestines during experimental trichinellosis. Our results showed a statistically significant decrease in the total GST activity both in the small and large intestines of the mice infected with the nematode Trichinella spiralis (Owen, 1835) and treated with albendazole, compared with the control mice that were infected but untreated with the drug. Furthermore, albendazole administration modified the kinetics of substrate saturation of GST in the intestines of the infected mice because the drug caused changes in Michaelis constant values of this enzyme. Based on our observations, we suggest that the quaternary structure of GST from the mouse intestines is impacted by this drug during trichinellosis.
During parasitological surveys in the Okavango Delta and Panhandle in Botswana, two species of climbing perches belonging to the family Anabantidae were investigated for ectoparasites. The fishes were the blackspot climbing perch, Microctenopoma intermedium (Pellegrin) and the manyspined climbing perch, Ctenopoma multispine Peters. Five trichodinid species were found from the skin, fins and gills of these anabantids. One is a known species, i.e., Trichodina microspina Van As et Basson, 1992, for which a comparative description is provided. Four other species are described as new species using silver impregnation, i.e., Trichodina labyrinthipiscis sp. n., Trichodina anabantidarum sp. n., Tripartiella microctenopomae sp. n., and Tripartiella ctenopomae sp. n.
During surveys of parasites of the whitemouth croaker Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest) and the mullet Mugil platanus Günther from Samborombón Bay, Argentina, Trichodina puytoraci, T. lepsii, T. jadranica, T. murmanica, Diparitella simplex and Trichodina scalensis sp. n. were morphologically studied. Taxonomic and morphometric data for these trichodinids based on dry silver nitrate-impregnated specimens are presented. This study is the first formal report of these trichodinids from the southwest Atlantic Ocean, and the description of a new species from M. platanus.
Experimental infection of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) with the monogenean Discocotyle sagittata (Leuckart, 1842) allowed comparison between trickle and single exposure, two infection modes demonstrated to occur in the wild. Both types of infection resulted in mean larval attachment success around 50%, which was significantly dependent on dose of infective larvae used (P < 0.0001), but was not affected by mode of infection (P = 0.244). Worms recovered from fish exposed to the same number of oncomiracidia but different mode of infection differed in their rate of development. The developmental stage attained by parasites was significantly affected by number of infective larvae used (P = 0.005), and by the interaction between dose and mode of infection (P = 0.026), suggesting competition among attached larvae. Statistical analysis demonstrated that in the early stages of infestation, worm distribution over the gill arches can be explained by the relative amount of water flowing over them. One, two and three months post-infection parasite numbers were comparable (P = 0.805), but their observed distribution gradually decreased in gill arches III and IV and increased in gill arch I, suggesting that parasites migrate after initial attachment. These results reproduce phenomena observed in the field, indicating that the experimental infection system could be employed to study infection dynamics and host-parasite interactions under controlled conditions.
The paper deals with the changes of meaning of gender relations in the Czech working-class and the forming socialist movement during the period from 1870 to 1914. It focuses on the relationship between the struggle for recognition, i. e. on the critical articulations of a misrecognition as well as on the imagination of ideal social order, and the constitution of mass socialist party. The attention is paid to the roles, which men (or/and masculinity) and women (and/or feminity) should have held. and Článek zahrnuje poznámkový aparát pod čarou
A new myxosporean species, Trilosporoides platessae gen. et sp. n. (Multivalvulida), is described from the gallbladder of the plaice Pleuronectes platessa L. (Pleuronectidae) from Denmark. The myxospore of T. platessae is conical in side view, with a 24 µm long, pointed posterior projection. In apical view, the myxospore (diameter 9.4 µm) is round, trilobed and with three spherical polar capsules arranged peripherally, equidistant and opening peripherally through protruding tips. The polar capsules are of different sizes, one often larger than the others (diameter 3.3 µm vs. 2.5 µm). Apart from the long posterior projection, the myxospore of T. platessae differs from those of the three known species of Trilospora Noble, 1959 and from all genera within the order Multivalvulida Shulman, 1959 in the arrangement of the polar capsules. Trilosporoides platessae may temporarily be placed in the vicinity of the Trilosporidae.
Pavel Machonin byl a zůstává legendou české sociologie, při jejíž obnově v šedesátých letech stál. Tehdy spolu s týmem mladých začínajících sociologických nadšenců provedl zcela unikátní, neobvykle invenční a také neobvykle rozsáhlý výzkum stratifikace československé (socialistické) společnosti. A nejen že provedl, ale i dokázal zjištěná fakta zpracovat do zásadního sociologického svědectví o stavu tehdejší společnosti. Knihu Československá společnost (vyšla v Bratislavě v roce 1969) zatím u nás nikdo v této oblasti výzkumu vlastně nepřekonal. Ani on sám v knížkách zabývajících se podobnou tematikou, na kterých jsem se spolupodílel v polovině devadesátých let. Z doby psaní (dopisování) této knihy se traduje, jak držel pod zámkem a o hladu svoje spoluautory, aby je donutil včas dopsat některé kapitoly. and Milan Tuček.