The main aim of this paper is to present a new possibility for detection and recognition of different categories of electric and conventional (equipped with combustion engine) vehicles. These possibilities are provided by use of thermal and visual video cameras and two methods of machine learning. The used methods are Haar cascade classifier and convolutional neural network (CNN). The thermal images, obtained through an infrared thermography camera, were used for the training database. The thermal cameras can complement or substitute visible spectrum of video cameras and other conventional sensors and provide detailed recognition and classification data needed for vehicle type recognition. The first listed method was used as an object detector and serves for the localization of the vehicle on the road without any further classification. The second method was trained for vehicle recognition on the thermal image database and classifies a localized object according to one of the defined categories. The results confirmed that it is possible to use infrared thermography for vehicle drive categorization according to the thermal features of vehicle exteriors together with methods of machine learning for vehicle type recognition.
This paper considers the data-based identification of industrial robots using an instrumental variable method that uses off-line estimation of the joint velocities and acceleration signals based only on the measurement of the joint positions. The usual approach to this problem relies on a `tailor-made' prefiltering procedure for estimating the derivatives that depends on good prior knowledge of the system's bandwidth. The paper describes an alternative Integrated Random Walk SMoothing (IRWSM) method that is more robust to deficiencies in such a priori knowledge and exploits an optimal recursive algorithm based on a simple integrated random walk model and a Kalman filter with associated fixed interval smoothing. The resultant IDIM-IV instrumental variable method, using this approach to signal generation, is evaluated by its application to an industrial robot arm and comparison with previously proposed methods.
Profitability of Turkish banking sector gained importance after national and international financial crisis happened in the last decade, which revealed the need to make a research on profitability and the factors determining profitability. In recent years, new techniques of soft computing (SC) like genetic algorithms (GAs), fuzzy logic (FL) and especially artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been applied into the financial domain to solve the domain issues because of their successful applications in nonlinear multivariate situations. An adaptive system was needed due to the fact that insufficient use of application software programs for SC and the fact that single software is only applicable for specific model. Furthermore, even though ANNs have been applied to many areas; little attention has been paid to estimation of bank profitability with ANNs. This article is intended to analyze and estimate the profitability of deposit banks in Turkey with an adaptive software model of ANNs which have not been previously applied for this context, comprehensively. The results from the software model, which processes the factors affecting profitability, indicate that all of the variables used have significant impacts in varying proportions on profitability and that obtained estimations achieved the targeted and acceptable performance of success. This software model is expected to provide easiness on estimating bank profitability, since giving successful estimations and not being affected by user differences. Additionally, it is aimed to construct a software model for being used in different fields of study and financial domain.
We give a short introduction to a method for the data-sparse approximation of matrices resulting from the discretisation of non-local operators occurring in boundary integral methods or as the inverses of partial differential operators. The result of the approximation will be the so-called hierarchical matrices (or short H-matrices). These matrices form a subset of the set of all matrices and have a data-sparse representation. The essential operations for these matrices (matrix-vector and matrixmatrix multiplication, addition and inversion) can be performed in, up to logarithmic factors, optimal complexity.
We obtain necessary conditions for convergence of the Cauchy Picard sequence of iterations for Tricomi mappings defined on a uniformly convex linear complete metric space.
The paper presents an iterative algorithm for computing the maximum cycle mean (or eigenvalue) of n×n triangular Toeplitz matrix in max-plus algebra. The problem is solved by an iterative algorithm which is applied to special cycles. These cycles of triangular Toeplitz matrices are characterized by sub-partitions of n−1.
This paper is dealing with solvability of interval systems of linear equations in max-min algebra. Max-min algebra is the algebraic structure in which classical addition and multiplication are replaced by ⊕ and \kr, where a⊕b=max{a,b},a\krb=min{a,b}. The notation \mbfA\krx=\mbfb represents an interval system of linear equations, where \mbfA=[\pA,\nA] and \mbfb=[\pb,\nb] are given interval matrix and interval vector, respectively. We can define several types of solvability of interval systems. In this paper, we define the T4 and T5 solvability and give necessary and sufficient conditions for them.
This paper presents an object-oriented two-dimensional (2-D) overland flow model and its application in simulating flood flows over Ulus basin, located in the north of Turkey adjacent to the Black Sea. A new coding implementation according to the class environment created in object oriented C++ programming language is carried out in structuring and building the solver. The model is based on the Godunov type finite volume scheme on unstructured triangular meshes. A mass balance preserving wet/dry boundary solution algorithm is integrated in the numerical scheme to satisfy the positive-depth condition and minimize the numerical instability when treating the propagation of wave front in regions of dry bed. The balance between bed slope and flux terms is also preserved for still water conditions on irregular topography. The 2-D solver is verified by simulating selected dam break cases, where good agreement with measured data is achieved. For the simulation of flood flows in the Ulus basin, in general, the simulated outflow hydrograph is found to compare well with the recorded data. A selected inundation map that is extracted from the model results is also presented to show the water surface level in the Floodplain.
This work concerns controlled Markov chains with finite state space and compact action sets. The decision maker is risk-averse with constant risk-sensitivity, and the performance of a control policy is measured by the long-run average cost criterion. Under standard continuity-compactness conditions, it is shown that the (possibly non-constant) optimal value function is characterized by a system of optimality equations which allows to obtain an optimal stationary policy. Also, it is shown that the optimal superior and inferior limit average cost functions coincide.