Rozhovor se znamenitým astrofotografem a zakladatelem soutěže Česká astrofotografie měsíce Zdeňkem Bardonem o jeho zájmu o vesmír, výrobě prvního amatérského dalekohledu z babiččiných brýlí a zálibě v technice až po rekonstrukce světových teleskopů a špičkové astrofotografie, jež okouzlily nejen NASA. and Zdeněk Bardon, Jana Žďárská.
This paper provides an overview of findings from recent analyses of a part of the rare book collection possessed by the First Faculty of Medicine at Charles University that encompasses Johannes Marcus Marci of Cronland’s work. The collection of Marci’s texts as a whole had not been studied thus far. The rigorous research conducted revealed that ten publications bound in six volumes represent a full cross-section of Marci’s work. Moreover, this collection is remarkable because of its exceptional artistic value and fine typography. Marci’s texts were published by prestigious Prague printers - either individual ones or by institutional print shops (the Jesuit print shop or the Archbishop’s print shop). These printers were able to meet the need for complicated typesetting and to produce the demanded number of copper engravings to accompany the text with fine illustrations so the result would be worthy of the author’s status. The present study also gives a full bibliographical description of the “sammelband” bound together as a single volume with the other four titles (shelfmark K2508a). This collection of Marci’s major works (originally only four) had a fifth added after 1654. The handwritten notes in the margin showed renewed interest in this scholar that appeared in the Czech lands in the 18th and 19th centuries. The First Medical Faculty’s collection of Marci’s works is not complete and does not include all his medical treatises, but it does reflect the breadth of his oeuvre. The provenance research proved that three volumes were part of a carefully curated book collection built up by Friedel Pick, a professor at Charles University. These print artefacts significantly enrich the faculty’s collection of early printed books and deserve further inquiry., Markéta Ivánková., Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy, and Jan Pulkrábek [překladatel]
This contribution deals with the manuscripts of the Wrocław University Library, in which works by the English reformer John Wyclif († 1384) are recorded. It shows that besides one known manuscript dating from the second half of the 15th century, Sg. IV F 7, and containing the work De universalibus, there are two copies of Wyclifˇs letter to the pope Urban VI (in the manuscripts dating from the first half of the 15th century, Sg. I F 594 and I F 707), and that in the former of the manuscripts mentioned a text dealing with the preparation for taking the Eucharist is recorded too, which otherwise survives in two Viennese manuscripts and is an item of the list of Wyclif´s works regarded as dubium. Moreover, the article mentions two Wyclifi an spuria (Sg. I F 733 and I F 570). All these copies came into being as marginalia of the reception of Wyclif´s work in Bohemia.
The idea of conceputal scheme is clearly present in the classical and modern sociological theory. However, contemporary sociological thinking is highly critical of it and in its radical versions this idea is dismissed altogether. This articele taces various historically formed insights into the nature of concept formation in sociology and tries to demonstrate that without the attempts at creating a coherent conceptual scheme, sociology would be deprived of any possibility to push through a specifically sociological perspecitve on the social world. Talcott Parsons´conceptual level of theory is examined in detail and taken as an example of a viable theoretical approach based on the transformation of sociological concepts. The account of the sociological dilemma of scheme and reality is brought together with Donald Davidson´s argument against the dogma of scheme and reality. The idea of a conceptual scheme has been discredited on contemporary thinking together with the idea and the project of (grand) general theory of society. It is argued that from the generalizing critique of the idea of general theory it does not follow that sociology does not need sound concepts. If it were so then no sociological knowledge that would not refer only to itself would be possible., Jan Baloun., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The author compares advantages and disadvantages of measures of positive discrimination and strategies of gender mainstreaming. At the beginning she describes the history of both measures and she focuses on their use for the purposes of gender equality. Whereas the author criticizes measures of positive discrimination on the basis of its stigmatizing and categorizing potential effect, she highlights the strategies of gender mainstreaming because of their neutral definitions and preventive character. In particular, she criticizes quotas that in her opinion add members of disadvantaged groups to the system without changing its systemic oppressive nature and thus stabilize institutional oppression. Nevertheless, she draws attention to a demerit of measures of gender mainstreaming as well. Namely she mentions the risk that gender mainstreaming would become measure for its own sake and that general use of these strategies would lead to ''gender oversaturation''.