In the course of cytogenetic studies on Alegoria castelnaui Fleutiaux & Sallé 1889 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Tenebrioninae: Ulomini) from Guadeloupe, a number of adult specimens were dissected. A larva was found in the abdomens of almost all of the females. The karyotype, 20,XX / 20,Xyp, and the presence of heterochromatin at multiple chromosomal locations, of the larvae and adults were similar, which excludes parasitism and indicates viviparous reproduction. The adverse habitat of the adults, i.e., putrid and fermenting pseudo-stems of banana trees rather than geo-climatic conditions, may explain the occurrence of viviparity in this species. This is the first example of (ovo-)viviparity in the Ulomini tribe and among New World Tenebrionidae. A. castelnaui is regularly collected on banana trees infested with the weevil Cosmopolites sordidus Germar, 1824, a major pest of banana trees around the word. The coexistence of these two species on banana trees may be coincidental but another Ulomini species, Eutochia pulla Erichson 1843, is described as an egg predator of C. sordidus in Africa and therefore, A. castelnaui could also be a predator of this pest.
(Pro)renin receptor (PRR) contributes to regulating many physiological and pathological processes; however, the role of PRR-mediated signaling pathways in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) remains unclear. In this study, we used an in vitro model of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to mimic IRI and carried out PRR knockdown by siRNA and PRR overexpression using cDNA in H9c2 cells. Cell proliferation activity was examined by MTT and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays. Apoptosis-related factors, autophagy markers and β-catenin pathway activity were assessed by real-time PCR and western blotting. After 24 h of hypoxia followed by 2 h of reoxygenation, the expression levels of PRR, LC3B-I/II, Beclin1, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 and Bax were upregulated, suggesting that apoptosis and autophagy were increased in H9c2 cells. Contrary to the effects of PRR downregulation, the overexpression of PRR inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis, increased the expression of pro-apoptotic factors and autophagy markers, and promoted activation of the β-catenin pathway. Furthermore, all these effects were reversed by treatment with the β-catenin antagonist DKK-1. Thus, we concluded that PRR activation can trigger H/R-induced apoptosis and autophagy in H9c2 cells through the β-catenin signaling pathway, which may provide new therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of myocardial IRI.
Let $\Lambda=\left(\begin{smallmatrix} A&M 0&B \end{smallmatrix}\right)$ be an Artin algebra. In view of the characterization of finitely generated Gorenstein injective $\Lambda$-modules under the condition that $M$ is a cocompatible $(A,B)$-bimodule, we establish a recollement of the stable category $\overline{\rm Ginj(\Lambda)}$. We also determine all strongly complete injective resolutions and all strongly Gorenstein injective modules over $\Lambda$., Chao Wang, Xiaoyan Yang., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Several characterizations of 0-distributive posets are obtained by using the prime ideals as well as the semiprime ideals. It is also proved that if every proper l-filter of a poset is contained in a proper semiprime filter, then it is 0-distributive. Further, the concept of a semiatom in 0-distributive posets is introduced and characterized in terms of dual atoms and also in terms of maximal annihilator. Moreover, semiatomic 0-distributive posets are defined and characterized. It is shown that a 0-distributive poset P is semiatomic if and only if the intersection of all non dense prime ideals of P equals (0]. Some counterexamples are also given.
The concept of a 0-ideal in 0-distributive posets is introduced. Several properties of 0-ideals in 0-distributive posets are established. Further, the interrelationships between 0-ideals and α-ideals in 0-distributive posets are investigated. Moreover, a characterization of prime ideals to be 0-ideals in 0-distributive posets is obtained in terms of non-dense ideals. It is shown that every 0-ideal of a 0-distributive meet semilattice is semiprime. Several counterexamples are discussed.