In this paper the idea of the Loebner contest as a practical implementation of the Turing test is presented. The Brian Plüss’ measure of the degrees of non-cooperation in a dialogue is applied to the dialogues of the Loebner contest. The proposal of a typology of non-cooperative features in the contest’s dialogues is discussed and the reliability of annotation with the use of this typology of features is analyzed. The degrees of non-cooperation of judges and programs for the Loebner contest (editions 2009 – 2012) are presented and discussed. On the basis of the results the role of a judge and the strategies used by programs are discussed for the contest and the Turing test., V tomto příspěvku je představena myšlenka soutěže Loebner jako praktické realizace Turingova testu. Míra míry nespolupráce Briana Plüssa v dialogu se vztahuje na dialogy soutěže Loebner. Diskutuje se o návrhu typologie nekooperativních prvků v dialogu soutěže a analyzuje se spolehlivost anotace s využitím této typologie prvků. Jsou prezentovány a diskutovány stupně nespolupráce soudců a programů pro soutěž Loebner (edice 2009 - 2012). Na základě výsledků se pro soutěž a Turingův test projednává role soudce a strategie používané programy., and Paweł Łupkowski
Normative naturalism is primarily a metaphysical doctrine: there are normative facts and properties, and these fall into the class of natural facts and properties. Many objections to naturalism rely on additional assumptions about language or thought, but often without adequate consideration of just how normative properties would have to figure in our thought and talk if naturalism were true. In the first part of the paper, I explain why naturalists needn’t think that normative properties can be represented or ascribed in wholly non-normative terms. If so, certain prominent objections to normative naturalism fail. In the second part, I consider the objection that normative properties are “just too different” from (other) natural properties to themselves be natural properties. I argue that naturalists have no distinctive trouble making sense of thought and talk involving forms of “genuine” or “authoritative” normativity which can drive a non-question-begging form of the objection.
Epidemiologické práce ukazujú zvyšujúci sa výskyt diabetickej nefropatie. Diabetici s chronickou obličkovou chorobou sú najväčšou skupinou z pacientov na liečbe nahradzujúcej renálne funkcie. Renal Pathology Society zostavila patologicko-anatomickú klasifikáciu diabetickej nefropatie. Základnými biochemickými diagnostickými parametrami sú albuminúria a odhad glomerulovej filtrácie. Pracovná skupina European Renal Best Practice vypracovala Usmernenia o manažmente diabetikov s chronickou obličkovou chorobou v štádiu 3b CKD a vyššom. Kľúčové slová: diagnostika diabetickej nefropatie – liečba chronickej obličkovej choroby u diabetikov – výskyt diabetickej nefropatie, Epidemiological studies show increasing prevalence of diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease are the biggest group from among patients on renal replacement therapy. Renal Pathology Society developed pathological classification of diabetic nephropathy. The cardinal biochemical diagnostic parameters are albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate. European Renal Best Practice work group developed Clinical Practice Guideline on management of patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease stage 3b or higher. Key words: epidemiology of diabetic nephropathy – diagnostics of diabetic nephropathy – therapy of chronic kidney disease in diabetic patients, and Peter Ponťuch
I ; II, Beletrie pro dospělé čtenáře a mládež v češtině., and Obsahuje přívazbu: Obzor Matice slovanské, 188 s. - zde chybí strany s inzercí 31, 32, 63, 64, 79, 80, 95, 96
The recently published new British Flood Estimation Handbook (FEH) is a unique hydrological publication, giving guidance on rainfall and river flood frequency estimation in the United Kingdom. The FEH is an outcome of a five-year research programme at the Centre of Ecology and Hydrology in Wallingford. The FEH provides novel statistical and geostatistical methods and new hydrological approaches used for assessing the rarity of extreme rainfall and flood events. The publication is accompanied by software (WINFAP-FEH) and digital data (FLOOD DATA CD-ROM). The procedures are clearly explained, and supporting theory and examples are included. The FEH clearly deserves the attention of hydrologists around the world. The main objective of this review is to provide our hydrological community with a brief description of the major methodological approaches used in FEH for rainfall and flood frequency analysis. and Nedávno publikovaný nový britský Flood Estimation Handbook predstavuje vo svete jedinečnú hydrologicků príručku podávajúcu ucelený návod - smernicu pre odhad návrhových zrážok a prietokov vo Veľkej Briránii. Toto dielo je výsledkom päťročnej intenzívnej práce tímu odborníkov z Institute of Hydrology vo Wallingforde. Do príručky sú implementované najnovšie metódy matematickej štatistiky a geoštatistiky. Autori v nej tvorivo inovujú a dopĺňajú hlavné metodické postupy používané momentálně vo svete pri odhade N-ročných srážok a prietokov. Celý projekt má aj softverovú podobu. Príručka si zasluhuje oprávnenú pozornosť hydrológov a klimatológov, a preto hlavným cieľom tohto článku je aspoň veľmi stručne oboznámiť našu odbornú verejnosť s týmto významným dielom a priblížiť jej najvýznamnejšie metodické postupy analýzy extrémnych zrážok a prietokov.
This paper presents the results of an experimental and numerical study of a vertical slot fishway (VSF). A 2-D depth-averaged shallow water numerical model PCFLOW2D coupled with three different turbulent models (constant eddy viscosity, Smagorinsky and k - ε) was used. A detailed analysis of numerical parameters needed for a correct simulation of the phenomenon was carried out. Besides the velocity field, attention was paid to important hydraulic parameters such as maximum velocity in the slot region and energy dissipation rate ε in order to evaluate the performance of VSF. A scaled physical hydraulic model was built to ensure reliable experimental data for the validation of the numerical model. Simulations of variant configurations of VSF showed that even small changes in geometry can produce more fishfriendly flow characteristics in pools. The present study indicates that the PCFLOW2D program is an appropriate tool to meet the main demands of the VSF design.
In this paper, two- and three-dimensional numerical modeling is applied in order to simulate water flow behavior over the new Niedów barrage in South Poland. The draining capacity of one of the flood alleviation structures (ogee weir) for exploitation and catastrophic conditions was estimated. In addition, the output of the numerical models is compared with experimental data. The experiments demonstrated that the draining capacity of the barrage alleviation scheme is sufficiently designed for catastrophic scenarios if water is flowing under steady flow conditions. Nevertheless, the new cofferdam, which is part of the temporal reconstruction works, is affecting the draining capacity of the whole low-head barrage project.