The prolonged survival of the Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) population in the Bohemian Forest was largely possible due to the protec tion of this animal, which was considered a rare and desirable trophy. Consequently the bear was able to survive in the Bohemian Forest for a hundred years longer than in the Ore Mountains. Isolated populations in the Sudetes survived in Moravia, and the last specimens were hunted down in the 1740s. Bears hunted down during the 19th century in the Beskydy Mts. can almost certainly be considered casual migrants from the Slovak part of this mountain range. The return of bears to the territory of Moravia and Silesia corresponds with the consolidation of the Slovak population due to the protection introduced in 1932. and Jan Andreska.
Large amounts of abandoned limestone quarries in the Bohemian Karst provide a great opportunity to study different stages of spontaneous succession simulta - neously. Molluscs are a suitable model group for this study –many land snail species including the rare ones occur in these quarries. Because of the large variability of habitats, quarries abandoned for around 60 years have higher species diversity. and Alena Kocurková, Lucie Juřičková.
The elected large cave spider Meta me nar - di occurs throughout the Palaearctic re - gion. In Central Europe, it is usually found in upland regions, and is particularly common in karst areas. The spider lives in subterranean caves, cellars, mineshafts and stone runs. and Milan Řezáč.
Při studiu interakcí bakterií a prvoků se používají zejména metody fluorescenční mikroskopie v kombinaci se značenými bakteriemi, nebo i vysoce specifické fluorescenčně značené RNA-sondy (fluorescence in situ hydridizace), které umožňují i přesnou taxonomickou identifikaci druhů bakterií, pohlcovaných prvoky. Můžeme tak studovat nejenom rychlost, ale i selektivitu eliminace bakterií heterotrofními a mixotrofními bičíkovci a nálevníky v různých přírodních vodách., Trophic interaction between bacteria and protozoa is mainly studied by means of fluorescence microscopy exploiting various fluorescence labelling of bacteria, including highly specific RNA-probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization, which allows precise identification of bacterial species grazed by protozoa. By combining these approaches we can examine not only the total rate of protozoan bacterivory, but also the grazing selectivity of heterotrophic and mixotrophic flagellates and ciliates feeding on bacteria in a broad array of aquatic ecosystems., Karel Šimek., and autor: Redakce a Karel Šimek
In November 2009, the United Nations declared 2010 to be the International Year of Biodiversity. It has been a celebration of life on earth and of the value of biodiversity for our lives. The world has been invited to take action in 2010 to safeguard biodiversity, i. e., the variety of life on earth. Throughout the year countless initiatives were organized to disseminate information, promote the protection of biodiversity and encourage organizations, institutions, companies and individuals to take direct action to reduce the constant loss of biological diversity worldwide. and Petr Petřík.
Biofilms are communities of microorganisms irreversibly attached to various substrates which are embedded in the matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. Biofilms are present in both natural and human environments, which may cause serious problems. In this article, we deal with the basic characteristics, origin, development and functions of biofilms. and Martin Rulík, Veronika Holá.