We investigate traces of functions, belonging to a class of functions with dominating mixed smoothness in ${\mathbb{R}}^3$, with respect to planes in oblique position. In comparison with the classical theory for isotropic spaces a few new phenomenona occur. We shall present two different approaches. One is based on the use of the Fourier transform and restricted to $p=2$. The other one is applicable in the general case of Besov-Lizorkin-Triebel spaces and based on atomic decompositions.
In Taiwanese literature, as in many other national literatures, realism is a term which has been used to serve many aims. Aesthetic and narrative aspects contribute to realism as much as poliical, ideological and/or social convictions. In Taiwam, it has been used as a label by almost all literary groups and schools since the first wave of native literature (xiangtu wenxue) in the 1920s in order to describe and ligitimize their respective literary and - frequently - political claims. Over time, the very meaning of the term "realism" had been subject to multiple changes, thus turning "realism" into an almost empty signifier that needed to be further framed. Realism increasingly tended to be accompanied by an explanatory adjunct, specifying what kind of realism was indicated. The article re-evaluates epistemological issues connected to the use of realism among Taiwan´s modernists and nativists in the 1960s and 1970s. It argues that the struggle between both groups is primarily in relation to the appropriate adjunct to be attached to realism. Both movements illustrate how realism has grown into a meta-term of modernity, while its aesthetics, subject matter, and ethical impact have became increasingly vague.
In this paper, tracking control design for a class of nonlinear polynomial systems is investigated by augmented error system approach and block pulse functions technique. The proposed method is based on the projection of the close loop augmented system and the associated linear reference model that it should follow over a basis of block pulse functions. The main advantage of using this tool is that it allows to transform the analytical differential calculus into an algebraic one relatively easy to solve. The developments presented have led to the formulation of a linear system of algebraic equations depending only on parameters of the feedback control. Once the control gains are determined by solving the latter optimization problem in least square sense, the practical stability of the closed loop augmented system is checked through given conditions. A double inverted pendulums benchmark is used to validate the proposed tracking control method.
In this work, an alternative solution to the tracking problem for a SISO nonlinear dynamical system exhibiting points of singularity is given. An inversion-based controller is synthesized using the Fliess generalized observability canonical form associated to the system. This form depends on the input and its derivatives. For this purpose, a robust exact differentiator is used for estimating the control derivatives signals with the aim of defining a control law depending on such control derivative estimates and on the system state variables. This control law is such that, when applied to the system, bounded tracking error near the singularities is guaranteed.
Tento článek obsahuje dosavadní poznatky o tradiční amazonské medicíně v České republice. Rovněž je v něm zahrnuta klasifikace pořádaných obřadů a charakteristika jejich pořadatelů a účastníků. Terénní výzkum mezi uživateli tradiční amazonské medicíny byl realizován od listopadu 2015. Výzkumný vzorek tvoří 46 osob (23 žen a 23 mužů), které se v minulosti s tradiční amazonskou medicínou minimálně jednou zúčastnily nějakého typu rituálu. S těmito osobami byly nahrány semi-strukturované rozhovory. Cílem tohoto článku je kategorizovat jejich obsah. Za tímto účelem jsme provedli obsahovou analýzu interview metodou zakotvené teorie. V tomto článku prezentujeme výsledky analýzy prvních 15 rozhovorů. Tyto výsledky potvrzují, že v České republice je nejčastěji užívaným přípravkem z tradiční amazonské medicíny psychoaktivní odvar ayahuasca. V závěru článku jsou uvedena rizika spojená s užíváním psychoaktivních látek., This article assesses the present situation in traditional Amazonian medicine in the Czech Republic. It also classifies the types of organized rituals and characterizes their organizers and participants in the country. The fieldwork among traditional Amazonian medicine users was conducted since November 2015. A total of 46 respondents (23 women and 23 men) who had attended at least one ritual of traditional Amazonian medicine were selected for the study and we recorded with them semi-structured interviews. The aim of this article is to categorize their contents. In order to fulfill this objective, we performed a content analysis of interviews based on the Grounded Theory method. In this article we publish results of analysis of the first 15 interviews. These results confirm that in the Czech Republic a psychoactive brew ayahuasca is the most used preparation from traditional Amazonian medicine. Finally, there are risks associated with the use of psychoactive substances indicated., and Miroslav Horák, Šárka Vosáhlová
Globalization is a process. It is sweeping away old cultural norms and social orders and is bringing death to traditional beliefs and customs. This is a process of change, and many aspects of culture are changed forever. It is possible for this kind of transition to happen in many different ways and in many situations "the clash of civilizations" does not necessarily result in conflict. Cultural norms are voluntarily exchanged between various groups, but the differences in social standards are too difficult to accept, one culture begins to change the other. In such cases, one important question emerges . "Who has the right to decide which cultural norms and traditions are better?" This is a question about "cultural borders" and the universality of human rights and social norms. In this discussion, the issue of ritual slavery finds a place. Triokosi, and similar practices that can be found in some West African countries, are clear examples of the traditional bastions in the "war" against globalization. Those are the practices cosidered as being harmful by international society bud defended by traditional believers. The exploration of ritual bondage from both modern and historical perspectives is he main purpose of this article;; it also aims to shed some light on the discussion about the legitimization or suppression of cultural norms that are considered as being harmful.
With the gradual improvement of the telecommunication infrastructure in China, the Internet and other new technologies have been frequently used. The Internet technology also brings many network security threats, for example, botnet, while bringing convenience. Botnet is a network formed between hosts controlled by malicious code. One of the most serious threat to network security faced by the Internet is a variety of malicious network attacks on the carrier of botnet. Back propagation (BP) neural network is proposed to detect botnet threat transmission. In this study, a botnet detection model was established using BP neural network system. BP neural network classifier could identify the botnet traffic and normal traffic. Moreover a test was carried out to detect botnet traffic using BP neural network; the performance of the BP neural network classifier was evaluated by the detection rate and false positive rate. The results showed that it had high detection rate and low false positive rate, which indicated that the BP neural network had a good performance in detecting the traffic of botnet threat transmission.
A population of a hybrid between Tragopogon porrifolius and T. pratensis (T. ×mirabilis), which occurs in SW part of the town of Roudnice nad Labem, N part of Central Bohemia, was analysed with respect to its morphology, fertility, life history, ploidy level and DNA content. Both parental species vary relatively little morphologically; they are biennials (monocarpic perennials) and diploids. T. pratensis is a native species in the Czech Republic, T. porrifolius was cultivated there in the past. The hybrid plants are extremely morphologically variable, with variation ranges of some characters overlapping those of the parental species (e.g. ligules are often longer than involucral bracts, peduncles are often lanate). Only diploids were found within the hybrid population; however, they have substantially lower DNA content than both parents (18% lower than T. pratensis, 42% lower than T. porrifolius). The plants of the Roudnice hybrid population are polycarpic perennials in contrast to the monocarpic perennial (mostly biennial) parents. The distribution is described in detail; it shows that the hybrid plants are spreading and at present even occur outside the town. The long-persisting population of fertile diploid hybrid plants in Roudnice nad Labem is an alternative evolutionary pathway to that of the allotetraploid Tragopogon species known from North America.