The main purpose of tliis contribution is to find indicators of the drivers’ fatigue based on compensatory movements of the steering wheel. We focus our attention on changes in delays in drivers’ information processing. We examine drivers fatigued by sleep deprivation. To avoid additional disturbances dne to complicated dynamics of car steering, the results of simple one-dimensional tracking was analyzed. Preliminary results support using three variables applicable as fatigue
indicators.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic restraint stress (CRS) on the protein levels of dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH), noradrenaline transporter (NET), vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), as well as the concentration of noradrenaline (NA) in the rat hippocampus. The investigated parameters were quantified by Western blot analyses and ELISA kits. We found that CRS increased the protein levels of DBH by 30 %, VMAT2 by 11 %, BDNF by 11 % and the concentration of NA by 104 %, but decreased the protein levels of NET by 16 % in the hippocampus of chronically stressed rats. The molecular mechanisms by which CRS increased the hippocampal NA level are an important adaptive phenomenon of the noradrenergic system in the stress condition.
The aim of this study was to measure expression levels of microRNAs (miRNAs) (miRNA-1, -15b and -21) in the rat myocardium after a single dose of ionizing radiation (6-7 Gy/min, total 25 Gy). The rats were treated with selected drugs (Atorvastatin, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), Tadalafil, Enbrel) for six weeks after irradiation. MiRNAs levels were measured by RT-qPCR. Irradiation down-regulated miRNA-1 in irradiated hearts. In Tadalafil- and Atorvastatin-treated groups, miRNA-1 expression levels were further decreased compared with irradiated controls. However, Enbrel increased miRNA-1 level in irradiated hearts similarly to that in non-irradiated untreated group. Increase of miRNA-15b is pro-apoptotic in relationship with ischemia. Irradiation caused down-regulation of miRNA-15b. Administration of ASA in the irradiated group resulted in the increase of miRNA-15b expression compared to non-treated controls without irradiation. After Enbrel administration, miRNA-15b levels were overexpressed compared to non-treated normal group. MiRNA-21 belongs to the most markedly up-regulated miRNAs in response to cardiogenic stress. MiRNA-21 was increased nearly 2-fold compared to non-treated hearts whereas Tadalafil reduced miRNA-21 levels (about 40 %). Our study suggests that Enbrel and Tadalafil changed miRNAs expression values of the irradiated rats to the values of nonirradiated controls, thus they might be helpful in mitigation of radiation-induced toxicity., B. Kura, C. Yin, K. Frimmel, J. Krizak, L. Okruhlicova, R. C. Kukreja, J. Slezak., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Smoking during pregnancy presents health risks for both the mother and her child. In this study we followed changes in the production of steroid hormones in pregnant smokers. We focused on changes in steroidogenesis in the blood of mothers in their 37th week of pregnancy and in mixed cord blood from their newborns. The study included 88 healthy women with physiological pregnancies (17 active smokers and 71 nonsmokers). We separately analyzed hormonal changes associated with smoking according to the sex of newborns. In women with male fetuses, we found higher levels of serum cortisone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 7α-OH-DHEA, 17-OH pregnenolone, testosterone, and androstenedione in smokers at the 37th week compared to non-smokers. In women with female fetuses, we found lower serum levels of 7β-OH-DHEA and higher androstenedione in smokers at the 37th week. We found significantly higher levels of testosterone in newborn males of smokers and higher levels of 7α-OH-DHEA in female newborns of smokers. Smoking during pregnancy induces changes in the production of steroids in both the mother and her child. These changes are different for different fetal sexes, with more pronounced changes in mothers carrying male newborns as well as in the newborn males themselves., K. Adamcová, L. Kolátorová, T. Chlupáčová, M. Šimková, H. Jandíková, A. Pařízek, L. Stárka, M. Dušková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
For a graphical property P and a graph G, a subset S of vertices of G is a P-set if the subgraph induced by S has the property P. The domination number with respect to the property P, denoted by γP (G), is the minimum cardinality of a dominating P-set. We define the domination multisubdivision number with respect to P, denoted by msdP (G), as a minimum positive integer k such that there exists an edge which must be subdivided k times to change γP (G). In this paper (a) we present necessary and sufficient conditions for a change of γP (G) after subdividing an edge of G once, (b) we prove that if e is an edge of a graph G then γP (Ge,1) < γP (G) if and only if γP (G − e) < γP (G) (Ge,t denotes the graph obtained from G by subdivision of e with t vertices), (c) we also prove that for every edge of a graph G we have γP (G − e) 6 γP (Ge,3) ≤ γP (G − e) + 1, and (d) we show that msdP (G) 6 3, where P is hereditary and closed under union with K1.
The synchronization problem of the three-scroll unified chaotic system (TSUCS) is studied in this paper. A modified function projective synchronization (MFPS) method is developed to achieve this goal. Furthermore, the only parameter of the TSUCS unified chaotic system is considered unknown and estimated with an appropriate parameter estimation law. MFPS method is investigated for both identical and non-identical chaotic systems. Lyapunov stability theorem is utilized to verify the proposed feedback control laws and validate the proposed synchronization scheme. Finally, some numerical simulations are presented to assess the effectiveness of the theoretical discussions.
By introducing a feedback control to a proposed Sprott E system, an extremely complex chaotic attractor with only one stable equilibrium is derived. The system evolves into periodic and chaotic behaviors by detailed numerical as well as theoretical analysis. Analysis results show that chaos also can be generated via a period-doubling bifurcation when the system has one and only one stable equilibrium. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, the adaptive control law and the parameter update law are derived to achieve modified function projective synchronized between the extended Sprott E system and original Sprott E system. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive controllers.
We focus on the special type of the continuous dynamical system which is genWe focus on the special type of the continuous dynamical system which is generated by Euler equation branching. Euler equation branching is a type of differential inclusion ˙x ∈ {f(x), g(x)}, where f, g : X ⊂ ℝ n → ℝ n are continuous and f(x) ≠ g(x) at every point x ∈ X. It seems this chaotic behaviour is typical for such dynamical system. In the second part we show an application in a new formulated overall macroeconomic equilibrium model. This new model is based on the fundamental macroeconomic aggregate equilibrium model called the IS-LM model.