Tato práce pojednává o některých klíčových aspektech diagnostických kritérií pro MPN podle klasifikace Světové zdravotnické organizace (WHO) z roku 2008, přičemž většina poznámek se omezuje na onemocnění polycythaemia vera (PV). Při analýze hlavních kritérií poznamenáváme, že existují pacienti s PV, jejichž erytrocytóza může být dokumentována pouze měřením objemu erytrocytární masy a nikoli měřením koncentrace hemoglobinu nebo hematokritu. Probíráme reprodukovatelnost histopatologie pro diagnostiku různých stadií MPN, existenci normálních hladin EPO u pacientů s PV, specifitu růstu endogenních erytroidních kolonií (EEC) pro diagnózu PV a naše současné znalosti týkající se cytogenetiky a molekulární biologie PV a jiných MPN a jejich patofyziologie. Rovněž analyzujeme různé prognostické ukazatele morbidity (trombóza) a mortality u PV – vysokou hladinu hematokritu, leukocytózu a procentuální zastoupení buněk s mutací JAK2V617F. V případě esenciální trombocytemie (ET) komentujeme rozlišení pravé ET a “časné PMF”. V závěru stručně shrnujeme obecně přijímaná doporučení European LeukemiaNet (ELN) pro léčbu Ph-negativní MPN na základě nové stratifikace rizika, na důkazech založené riziko kancerogeneze u hydroxyurey a racionální doporučení pro výběr konkrétních léků., In this paper, we discuss some critical parts of the World Health Organization (WHO) 2008 criteria for classification of MPNs classification, with most of the remarks limited to polycythemia vera (PV). When analyzing the major criteria, we note that there are PV patients whose erythrocytosis can only be documented by red cell mass measurements and not by hemoglobin concentration or hematocrit measurements. We discuss the reproducibility of histopathology for the diagnosis of different stages of MPNs, the existence of normal EPO levels in PV patients, the specificity of Endogenous erythroid colony (EEC) growth for PV diagnosis and our current knowledge of the cytogenetics and molecular biology of PV and other MPNs and their pathophysiology. We also analyze various prognostic morbidity (thrombosis) and mortality markers in PV – high hematocrit level, leukocytosis and percentage of cells with the JAK2V617F mutation. In essential thrombocythemia (ET), we comment on the distinction of true ET and “early PMF”. At the end, we briefly summarize the generally accepted new risk stratification European Leukemia Network (ELN) treatment recommendations for Ph-negative MPNs, evidence-based risk of carcinogenesis for hydroxyurea and rational recommendations for the selection of individual drugs., Karel Indrak, Josef Prchal, and Literatura 31
The article deals with the principle of openness in the judiciary, specifically communicating judicial decisions to the public. Firstly, it discusses the relation between publicity and transparency of courts on the one hand and their legitimacy on the other. While the authors believe that the judiciary should be increasingly open to the public and point out benefits of that approach, they also recognize the risks thereof. Based on a comparative analysis of courts in a number of European states as well as the CJEU and ECHR the article analyses typical approaches to communication of judicial decisions. The final chapter contains normative conclusions which can serve as general guidelines applicable within the European judiciary., Daniel Askari, Kristina Blažková, Jan Chmel, Kristina Rademacherová., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Resolution of seamless switching within a set of available wireless access solutions applied in ITS (Intelligent Transport System) applications is presented. The CALM based system or specifically designed and configured L3/L2 switching can be an adequate solution for the multi-path access communication system. These systems have to meet requirements of the seamless secure communications functionality within even an extensive cluster of moving objects. Competent decision processes based on precisely quantified system requirements and each performance indicator tolerance range must be implemented to keep service up and running with no influence of continuously changing conditions in time and served space.
The method of different paths service quality evaluation and selection of the best possible active communications access path is introduced. This method is studied within project STATVU (System Requirements and Architecture of the Universal Telematic Vehicle Unit is grant 2A-1TP1/138 of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Czech Republic.). The proposed approach is based on Kalman filtering which separates reasonable part of noise and also allows prediction of the individual parameters near future behavior. The presented classification algorithm applied on filtered measured data combined with deterministic parameters is trained using historical data, i. e. combination of parameters vectors line and relevant decisions. Quality of classification is dependent on the size and quality of the training data sets.
Community structure implies some features in various real-world networks, and these features can help us to analysis structural and functional properties in the complex system. It has been proved that the classic k-means algorithm can efficiently cluster nodes into communities. However, initial seeds decide the efficiency of the k-means, especially when detecting communities with different sizes. To solve this problem, we improve the classic community detection algorithm with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) mapping and local expansion k-means. Since PCA can preserve the distance information of every node pairs, the improved algorithm use PCA to map nodes in the complex network into lower dimension European space, and then detect initial seeds for k-means using the improved local expansion strategy. Based on the chosen initial seeds, the k-means algorithm can cluster nodes into communities. We apply the proposed algorithm in real-world and artificial networks, the results imply that the improved algorithm is efficient to detect communities and is robust to the initial seed of K-means.
Dead wood of arborescent Euphorbia plants in the Macaronesian islands and Morocco has a diverse fauna of wood-boring beetles. Thirty-eight species were found in four species groups of Euphorbia, including 29 species of scolytine bark beetles, six species of cossonine weevils, two species of Laemophloeidae and one of Monotomidae. All scolytines (but not cossonines and cucujoids) have narrow host preferences, using only one host group for feeding and reproduction. The number of islands on which each species was found was also limited, resulting in geographically distinct guilds for each Euphorbia host. The majority of species (26) were found on the E. lamarckii species complex, followed by E. balsamifera (13) and the succulents E. canariense (12) and E. echinus (3), while only two species were found on the rare montane species, E. longifolia, in Madeira. Up to six or seven species could be found in a single branch of E. lamarckii and E. canariense, respectively, but more than half of the plants had fewer than three species. Putative niche partitioning was indicated by the alternative utilization of different tissues in E. balsamifera and different moisture preferences in the succulent E. canariense. Several unusual features of bark beetle reproductive biology were also observed, including infrequent communal nesting and very small broods. Taken together with the phylogenetic, geographical and biological data now available for most species associated with dead Euphorbia, several of the beetle guilds should provide promising model systems for studying of species interactions and community structure.
In this paper we obtain some results concerning the set ${\mathcal M} = \cup \bigl \lbrace \overline{R(\delta _A)}\cap \lbrace A\rbrace ^{\prime }\: A\in {\mathcal L(H)}\bigr \rbrace $, where $\overline{R(\delta _A)}$ is the closure in the norm topology of the range of the inner derivation $\delta _A$ defined by $\delta _A (X) = AX - XA.$ Here $\mathcal H$ stands for a Hilbert space and we prove that every compact operator in $\overline{R(\delta _A)}^w\cap \lbrace A^*\rbrace ^{\prime }$ is quasinilpotent if $A$ is dominant, where $\overline{R(\delta _A)}^w$ is the closure of the range of $\delta _A$ in the weak topology.
Commutative semigroups satisfying the equation $2x+y=2x$ and having only two $G$-invariant congruences for an automorphism group $G$ are considered. Some classes of these semigroups are characterized and some other examples are constructed.