This study was conducted to assess whether silicon (Si) supply can alleviate the harmful effects of severe salinity in barley (Hordeum vulgare). Plants were grown on non-saline (0 mM NaCl) or saline (200 mM NaCl) nutrient media supplemented or not with 0.5 mM Si. Salinity impacted plant morphology and induced sodium and chloride accumulation within plant tissues. It significantly affected almost all measured parameters. Interestingly, Si supply alleviated salt stress effects on plant morphology, growth (up to +59%), water status (up to +74%), membrane integrity (up to +35%), pigment contents (up to +121%), and the activity of the two photosystems (PSI and PSII) by improving their yields, and by reducing their energy dissipation. Si beneficial effect was more pronounced on PSI as compared to PSII. As a whole, data inferred from the present study further confirmed that silicon application is an effective approach to cope with salinity.
The history of the earliest Czech translation of the Bible begins in the 18th century´s last quarter by first studies about the Old Czech translation of the Bible by V. F. Durych and J. Dobrovský and it ends in springtime 2010 by publishing the last volume of the critical edition Staročeská Bible drážďanská a olomoucká (Old Czech Bible of Dresden and Olomouc). It took nearly 30 years to publish the complete edition.
The history of the earliest Czech translation of the Bible begins in the 18th century´s last quarter by first studies about the Old Czech translation of the Bible by V. F. Durych and J. Dobrovský and it ends in springtime 2010 by publishing the last volume of the critical edition Staročeská Bible drážďanská a olomoucká (Old Czech Bible of Dresden and Olomouc). It took nearly 30 years to publish the complete edition.
The history of the earliest Czech translation of the Bible begins in the 18th century´s last quarter by first studies about the Old Czech translation of the Bible by V. F. Durych and J. Dobrovský and it ends in springtime 2010 by publishing the last volume of the critical edition Staročeská Bible drážďanská a olomoucká (Old Czech Bible of Dresden and Olomouc). It took nearly 30 years to publish the complete edition.
The development of research in physiology, ecology, biochemistiy and biophysics of photosynthesis of algae and higher plants at the territory of Czechoslovakia is reviewed starting with ideas of the 17* century. Individual photosynthetic studies in the second half of the 19* and the first half of the 20* centiuy were followed by a most rapid development of photosynthetic research teams in Czechoslovakia mainly in die sixties. Among the most important research topics the relationships between gas exchange, carbon balance and plant productivity, effects of minerd nutrients, stress factors (including pathogens) and leaf development on pigment content, photosynthetic structures and activities, ecological studies in water reservoirs and forests peaking in modelling of canopy productivity, energy transfer in primary processes, composition and energetics of chlorophyll-protein complexes, structure and fimction of carboxylases, photosynthetic activities of regenerants and transgenic plants, and especially mechanisms of photoinhibition may be listed. An important contribution to progress in photosynthesis research were methodological studies, including also mass cultivation of algae, and intemational publication and bibliographic activities.