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762. Differential responses of leaf water-use efficiency and photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency to fertilization in Bt-introduced and conventional rice lines
- Creator:
- Guo, R. Q., Ruan, H., Yang, W. J., Liu, B., and Sun, S. C.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- botanika, botany, Bacillus thuringiensis rice, δ13C, instantaneous water-use efficiency, intrinsic water-use efficiency, photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency, and stomatal conductance
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Leaf stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E), and light-saturated net photosynthetic rate (PNmax) at three developmental stages (tillering stage, jointing-booting stage, and milking stage) and leaf total nitrogen concentration (LTNC) and δ13C value at milking stage were measured for a conventional rice line (Minghui 63) and its corresponding Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-gene [cry1A (b and c)] introduced line (Bt line) under three fertilizer levels. Compared to conventional line, Bt line showed lower gs, which was associated with lower P Nmax and E, but instantaneous water-use efficiency (WUE), measured as the ratio of PNmax to E, was higher in the Bt line than in the conventional line, particularly in the jointing-booting stage. However, δ13C values were not significantly different across treatments, suggesting that intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUEin) might be indistinguishable between Bt and conventional lines. LTNC was higher but PNmax was lower in Bt line compared to conventional line, resulting in significantly lower photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency (PNUE). This might result from the additional cost of producing Bt protein in the Bt line due to the effect of competing nitrogen with photosynthetic machinery. Bt-gene introduction and expression does not significantly change WUEin but may significantly decrease leaf PNUE. Thus we suggest that Bt rice should be carefully examined in relation to environmental risks (e.g. water-body pollution) before planting commercially. and R. Q. Guo ... [et al.].
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
763. Differential responses of photosynthetic parameters of pigeonpea and amaranth leaf discs to SO2
- Creator:
- Saraswathi, J. and Madhava Rao, K.V.
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Subject:
- Amaranthus paniculatus L., amino acids, Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., chlorophyll, CO2 fixation, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, proteins, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, SH- content, and sulphite oxidation
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- The reduction in chlorophyll (Chl) and protein contents and the increase in amino acid content in leaf discs in response to aqueous SO2 exposure under continuous irradiance were more expressed in Amaranthus paniculatus (C4 plant) than in Cajanus cajan (C3 plant). The content of SH-compounds increased more in pigeonpea than in amaranth leaf discs in response to SO2. Aqueous SO2 exposure also reduced the CO2 fixation and ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPC) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) activities in leaf discs of both plant species. The differences in sensitivity of these plants to SO2 were related to their conversion efficiency of SO2 to less toxic substances and sulphydryl compounds.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
764. Differential sensitivity of stomatal and non-stomatal components to NaCl or Na2SO4 salinity in horsegram, Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.)
- Creator:
- Sreenivasulu Reddy, P., Ramanjulu, S., Sudhakar, C., and Veeranjaneyulu, K.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- CO2 fixation, NADP-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, photosystem 2 activity, ribose-5-phosphate isomerase, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, ribulose-5-phosphate kinase, salt stress, and stomatal conductance
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- 14CO2 assimilation rate (P), leaf diffusive conductance (gs), photosynthetic electron flow, and activities of enzymes of Calvin cycle were studied in a horsegram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.)] in response to salinity induced by NaCl or Na2SO4. A significant reduction in P and gs by both salt treatments was registered. Na2SO4 caused a greater reduction in gs than the NaCl salinity. Studies with isolated chloroplasts confirmed a greater sensitivity to NaCl than to Na2SO4. Salinity inhibited the photosynthetic electron transport. The activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (E.C.4.1.1.39) was under salinity inhibited more than the activities of other three enzymes of the Calvin cycle, ribulose-5-phosphate kinase (E.C.2.7.1.19), ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (E.C.5.3.16), and NADP-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (E.C.1.2.13). These inhibitions lead to a reduced capacity for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate regeneration. Isolated chloroplasts extracted from salt stressed plants and supplemented with the substrates of Calvin cycle could elevate P, but the P was always lower than in the controls. Decreased P in horsegram exposed to high salinity can be attributed to both stomatal and non-stomatal components, however, the sensitivity to the salt source, NaCl or Na2SO4, was different. and P. Sreenivasulu Reddy ... [et al.].
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
765. Differential susceptíbility of mesophyll CO2 exchange to ozone in soil- or sand-grown Phaseolus vulgaris L. plants
- Creator:
- Moldau, H. and Kull, O.
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Similar-aged leaflets of kidney beán plants grown either in soii or sand culture but otherwise under identical laboratory conditions, were exposed to acute O3 concentrations of 0.5 to 0.7 pmol mol"l for 1-1.5 h with a 15 to 20 min respite interval in the middle of the ozonation period. The CO2 exchange versus leaf intemal CO2 concentration relationships were determined just before ozonation, during respite period and immediately after the treatment. Under comparable absorbed O3 fluxes the calculated mesophyll conductance (gn,) and measured C02-saturated photosynthesis (Pj) in leaflets of sand-grown plants declined more rapidly than in leaflets of soil-grown plants. A rise in the CO2 compensation concentration in the sand-grown plants was also more pronounced. About 20 % greater thickness of leaves of the sand-grown plants was probably not the cause for their higher susceptíbility to absorbed O3. From the proportíonal decline in ^nd Pg, it is concluded that possible differences in patchiness of stomatal closure under O3 were also not the cause. A weaker O3 defence systém in the mesophyll cells of the sand- grown plants may be the cause of their greater sensitivity to absorbed O3.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
766. Díla Johna Wyclifa v rukopisech vratislavské univerzitní knihovny
- Creator:
- Marek, Jindřich
- Format:
- electronic
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- John Wyclif, manuscripts, manuscripts connected with Bohemia, University Library in Wrocław, and D111
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- This contribution deals with the manuscripts of the Wrocław University Library, in which works by the English reformer John Wyclif († 1384) are recorded. It shows that besides one known manuscript dating from the second half of the 15th century, Sg. IV F 7, and containing the work De universalibus, there are two copies of Wyclifˇs letter to the pope Urban VI (in the manuscripts dating from the first half of the 15th century, Sg. I F 594 and I F 707), and that in the former of the manuscripts mentioned a text dealing with the preparation for taking the Eucharist is recorded too, which otherwise survives in two Viennese manuscripts and is an item of the list of Wyclif´s works regarded as dubium. Moreover, the article mentions two Wyclifi an spuria (Sg. I F 733 and I F 570). All these copies came into being as marginalia of the reception of Wyclif´s work in Bohemia.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
767. Díla Johna Wyclifa v rukopisech vratislavské univerzitní knihovny
- Creator:
- Marek, Jindřich
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- John Wyclif, manuscripts, manuscripts connected with Bohemia, and University Library in Wrocław
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- This contribution deals with the manuscripts of the Wrocław University Library, in which works by the English reformer John Wyclif († 1384) are recorded. It shows that besides one known manuscript dating from the second half of the 15th century, Sg. IV F 7, and containing the work De universalibus, there are two copies of Wyclifˇs letter to the pope Urban VI (in the manuscripts dating from the first half of the 15th century, Sg. I F 594 and I F 707), and that in the former of the manuscripts mentioned a text dealing with the preparation for taking the Eucharist is recorded too, which otherwise survives in two Viennese manuscripts and is an item of the list of Wyclif´s works regarded as dubium. Moreover, the article mentions two Wyclifi an spuria (Sg. I F 733 and I F 570). All these copies came into being as marginalia of the reception of Wyclif´s work in Bohemia.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
768. Díla Johna Wyclifa v rukopisech vratislavské univerzitní knihovny
- Creator:
- Marek, Jindřich
- Format:
- electronic
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- John Wyclif, manuscripts, manuscripts connected with Bohemia, University Library in Wrocław, and D111
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- This contribution deals with the manuscripts of the Wrocław University Library, in which works by the English reformer John Wyclif († 1384) are recorded. It shows that besides one known manuscript dating from the second half of the 15th century, Sg. IV F 7, and containing the work De universalibus, there are two copies of Wyclifˇs letter to the pope Urban VI (in the manuscripts dating from the first half of the 15th century, Sg. I F 594 and I F 707), and that in the former of the manuscripts mentioned a text dealing with the preparation for taking the Eucharist is recorded too, which otherwise survives in two Viennese manuscripts and is an item of the list of Wyclif´s works regarded as dubium. Moreover, the article mentions two Wyclifi an spuria (Sg. I F 733 and I F 570). All these copies came into being as marginalia of the reception of Wyclif´s work in Bohemia.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
769. Dimethoate-induced slow S to M chlorophyll a fluorescence transient in wheat plants
- Creator:
- Pandey, J. K. and Gopal, R.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- botanika, botany, chlorophyll a fluorescence, dimethoate, Kautsky transient, slow fluorescence transient, state transition, wheat, 2, and 58
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- In eukaryotic oxygenic photosynthetic organisms (both plants and algae), the maximum fluorescence is at peak P, with peak M lying much lower, or being even absent. Thus, the PSMT phase, where S is semisteady state, and T is terminal state, is replaced by a monotonous P→T fluorescence decay. In the present study, we found that dimethoate-treated wheat plant leaves showed SM transient, whereas in the case of control plants monotonous P→T fluorescence decay occured. We suggest that this was partly due to quenching of fluorescence due to [H+], responsible for P to S (T) decay in control plants (Briantais et al. 1979) being replaced by state transition (state 2 to state 1) in dimethoate-treated plants (Kaňa et al. 2012)., J. K. Pandey, R. Gopal., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
770. Diminution of photosynthesis in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings under elevated CO2 concentration and increased temperature
- Creator:
- Panigrahi, S., Pradhan, M. K., Panda, D. K., Panda, S. K., and Joshi, P. N.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fotosyntéza, photosynthesis, zeaxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, chlorophyll fluorescence, gas exchange, intrinsic water-use efficiency, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- The photosynthetic responses to elevated CO2 concentration (EC) at ambient and ambient +4°C temperature were aßsessed in the second leaf of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. The duration of different leaf developmental phases, as characterised by changes in photosynthetic pigment contents and photochemical potential, was protracted in the seedlings grown under EC. On the other hand, a temporal shift in the phases of development with an early onset of senescence was observed in the seedlings grown under EC at ambient +4°C temperature. The contents of carotenoids, ß-carotene, and xanthophyll cycle pigments revealed that EC downregulated the protective mechanism of photosynthetic apparatus against oxidative damages, whereas this mechanism assumed higher significance under EC at ambient +4°C temperature. We observed an enhancement in electron transport activity, photochemical potential, and net photosynthesis in spite of a loss in photostasis of photosynthesis under EC. On the other hand, the loss in photostasis of photosynthesis was exacerbated under EC at ambient +4°C temperature due to the decline in electron transport activity, photochemical potential, and net photosynthesis., S. Panigrahi, M. K. Pradhan, D. K. Panda, S. K. Panda, P. N. Joshi., and Seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public