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29042. Serological markers of enterocyte damage and apoptosis in patients with celiac disease, autoimmune diabetes mellitus and diabetes mellitus type 2
- Creator:
- Iva Hoffmanová, Daniel Sánchez, Věra Hábová, Michal Anděl, Ludmila Tučková, and Helena Tlaskalová
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, autoimunita, diabetes mellitus, autoimmunity, cytokeratin 18 caspase-cleaved fragment, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein, soluble CD14, intestinal barrier, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Impairment of mucosal barrier integrity of small intestine might be causative in immune-mediated gastrointestinal diseases. We tested the markers of epithelial apoptosis – cytokeratin 18 caspase-cleaved fragment (cCK-18), and enterocyte damage – intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) and soluble CD14 (sCD14) in sera of patients with untreated celiac disease (CLD), those on gluten-free diet (CLD-GFD), patients with autoimmune diabetes mellitus (T1D), T1D with insulitis (T1D/INS), and diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2D). We found elevated levels of cCK-18 (P<0.001), I-FABP (P<0.01) and sCD14 (P<0.05) in CLD when compared to healthy controls. However, the levels of cCK-18 (P<0.01) and I-FABP (P<0.01) in CLD-GFD were higher when compared with controls. Interestingly, elevated levels of cCK-18 and I-FABP were found in T2D and T1D (P<0.001), and T1D/INS (P<0.01, P<0.001). Twenty-two out of 43 CLD patients were seropositive for cCK-18, 19/43 for I-FABP and 11/43 for sCD14; 9/30 of T2D patients were positive for cCK-18 and 5/20 of T1D/INS for sCD14, while in controls only 3/41 were positive for cCK-18, 3/41 for I-FABP and 1/41 for sCD14. We documented for the first time seropositivity for sCD14 in CLD and potential usefulness of serum cCK-18 and I-FABP as markers of gut damage in CLD, CLD-GFD, and diabetes., I. Hoffmanová, D. Sánchez, V. Hábová, M. Anděl, L. Tučková, H. Tlaskalová-Hogenová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
29043. Serological markers of intestinal barrier impairment do not correlate with duration of diabetes and glycated hemoglobin in adult patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Creator:
- Hoffmanová, Iva, Sánchez, Daniel, Szczepanková, Adéla, Hábová, Věra, and Tlaskalová-Hogenová, Helena
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- cytokeratin 18 caspase-cleaved fragment, diabetes mellitus, glycated hemoglobin, intestinal barrier, intestinal fatty acidbinding protein, and soluble CD14
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Growing evidence suggests that diabetes mellitus is associated with impairment of the intestinal barrier. However, it is not clear so far if the impairment of the intestinal barrier is a consequence of prolonged hyperglycemia or the consequence of external factors influencing the gut microbiota and intestinal mucosa integrity. Aim of the study was to perform an estimation of relationship between serological markers of impairment of the intestinal barrier: intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), cytokeratin 18 caspase-cleaved fragment (cCK-18), and soluble CD14 (sCD14) and markers of prolonged hyperglycemia, such as the duration of diabetes mellitus and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) via a correlation analysis in patients with diabetes mellitus. In 40 adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 30 adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus the estimation has been performed. Statistically significant positive correlation was found between cCK-18 and HbA1c (r=0.5047, p=0.0275) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus with fading insulitis (T1D). In patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus with ongoing insulitis (T1D/INS) and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), no statistically significant positive correlations were found between serological markers of intestinal barrier impairment (I-FABP, cCK-18, sCD14) and duration of diabetes or levels of HbA1c. Similarly, in cumulative cohort of patients with T1D/INS and patients with T1D we revealed statistically positive correlation only between HbA1c and cCK-18 (r=0.3414, p=0.0311). Surprisingly, we found statistically significant negative correlation between the duration of diabetes mellitus and cCK-18 (r=-0.3050, p=0.0313) only in cumulative group of diabetic patients (T1D, T1D/INS, and T2D). Based on our results, we hypothesize that the actual condition of the intestinal barrier in diabetic patients is much more dependent on variable interactions between host genetic factors, gut microbiota, and environmental factors rather than effects of long-standing hyperglycemia (assessed by duration of diabetes mellitus or HbA1c).
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
29044. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection from water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in northeastern and southern Thailand
- Creator:
- Inpankaew, Tawin, Thi Thuy, Nguyen, Nimsuphan, Burin, Kengradomkij, Chanya, Kamyingkird, Ketsarin, Chimnoi, Wissanuwat, Boonaue, Boy, and Xuan, Xuenan
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- toxoplasmosis, zoonoses, serodiagnosis, and latex agglutination test
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease resulting from infection with the apicomplexan Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908), one of the world's most common parasites in warm-blooded animals, including humans. Sources of infection can be exposed to infected cat faeces, mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, and notably, the consumption of undercooked contaminated meat of intermediate hosts. In Thailand, water buffaloes are highly valued for rice cultivation, traditional culture and meat production. Like several other mammalian species, these animals play a role as reservoirs of T. gondii, thus representing a threat to human health. The seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in swamp buffaloes was examined in southern and northeastern Thailand. In total, serum samples of 721 water buffaloes were collected from seven provinces (Ubon Ratchathani, Roi Et, Si Sa Ket, Surin, Buri Ram, Sakon Nakhon, and Songkhla) and examined for the presence of T. gondii infection using commercial latex agglutination test kits (TOXOCHECK-MT, Eiken Chemical Co., Tokyo, Japan). Of the 721 animals analysed, 49 (6.8%) were positive for T. gondii. Songkhla province had the highest seroprevalence (14.7%) among the seven provinces covered in this survey. There was a potential risk to local citizens of T. gondii infection identified by the present study, notably in northeastern Thailand, where despite lower seroprevalence consuming raw buffalo meat salad should be restricted to avoid the risk of zoonotic infections.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
29045. Serotonin - melanokortin - inzulín: aneb Další nadějný přístup k léčbě diabetu
- Creator:
- Zouhar, Petr
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
29046. Serotonin modulates outward potassium currents in mouse olfactory receptor neurons
- Creator:
- Gao, S., Guo, X., Liu, T., Liu, J., Chen, W., Xia, Q., Chen, Y., and Tang, Y.
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, serotonin, ORNs, whole-cell patch clamp, K+ channel, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Monoaminergic neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), also known as serotonin, plays im portant roles in modulating the function of the olfactory system. However, thus far, the knowledge about 5-HT and its receptors in olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) and their physiological role have not been fully characterized. In the present study, reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed the presence of 5-HT 1A and 5-HT 1B receptor subtypes in mouse olfactory epithelium at the mRNA level. With subtype selective antibodies and standard immunohistochemical techniques, both receptor subtypes were found to be positively labeled. To further elucidate the molecular mechanisms of 5-HT act on the peripheral olfactory transduction, the whole-cell patch clamp techniques were used on freshly isolated ORNs. We found that 5-HT decreased the magnitude of outward K + current in a dose- dependent manner and these inhi bitory effects were markedly attenuated by the 5-HT 1A receptor blocker WAY-100635 and the 5-HT 1B receptor antagonist GR55562. These data suggested that 5-HT may play a role in the modu lation of peripheral olfactory signals by regulating outward potassium currents, both 5-HT 1A and 5-HT 1B receptors were involved in this regulation., S. Gao, ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
29047. Serotonin Receptors - From Molecular Biology to Clinical Applications
- Creator:
- Marek Pytliak, Viola Vargová, Viola Mechírová, and Marián Felšöci
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Biologické vědy, fyziologie, physiology, serotonin, serotonin receptors, antidepressants, behavior, 2, and 57/59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is an ubiquitary monoamine acting as one of the neurotransmitters at synapses of nerve cells. Serotonin acts through several receptor types and subtypes. The profusion of 5-HT receptors should eventually allow a better understanding of the different and complex processes in which serotonin is involved. Its role is expected in the etiology of several diseases, including depre ssion, schizophreni a, anxiety and panic disorders, migraine, hypert ension, pulmonary hypertension, eating disorders, vomiting and irritable bowel syndromes. In the past 20 years, seven distinct families of 5-HT receptors have been identified and various subpo pulations have been described for several of them. Increasing number of 5-HT receptors has made it difficult to unravel the role of 5-HT receptor subpopulations due to the lack of suitable selective agents. The present review describes the different populations and nomenclature of recently discovered 5-HT receptors and their pharmacological relevance. and M. Pytliak ... [et al.].
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
29048. Serotonin-depleted rats are capable of learning in active place avoidance, a spatial task requiring cognitive coordination
- Creator:
- Tomáš Petrásek and Aleš Stuchlík
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, prostorové vnímání, učení, physiology, spatial perception, learning, cognitive coordination, place avoidance, serotonin depletion, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Neurotransmitter substrate of spatial cognition belongs to current topics in behavioral neuroscience. The present study examined the effects of serotonin depletion with p-chlorophenylalanine on learning of rats in active place avoidance, a spatial task requiring allothetic mapping and cognitive coordination and highly dependent upon hippocampus. Serotonin depletion transiently increased locomotor activity in response to footshocks, but it did not change the avoidance efficiency measured by three spatial parameters. These results suggest that serotonin neurotransmission is not crucial for cognitive coordination and allothetic learning, i.e. the processes, which are crucial for active place avoidance performance., T. Petrásek, A. Stuchlík., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
29049. Serum adipocyte fatty acid binding protein levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity: the influence of fenofibrate treatment
- Creator:
- Michal Haluzík, Kateřina Anderlová, Radka Doležalová, Alena Adamíková, Denisa Haluzíková, Jitka Housová, Štěpán Svačina, and Martin Haluzík
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, diabetes mellitus, obezita, physiology, obesity, fatty acid binding proteins (FABP), insulin sensitivity, glucose clamp, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Recent studies have demonstrated that adipocyte fatty acid binding proteins (FABP) may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of insulin resistance. The aim of our study was to assess serum FABP levels in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) before and after 3 months of treatment with PPAR-α agonist fenofibrate (F) and to explore the relationship of FABP to biochemical parameters and measures of insulin sensitivity assessed by hyperinsulinemic-isoglycemic clamp. We measured biochemical parameters by standard laboratory methods, insulin sensitivity by hyperinsulinemic-isoglycemic clamp and serum concentrations of FABP by commercial ELISA kit in 11 obese females with T2DM before and after three months of treatment with PPAR-α agonist fenofibrate and in 10 lean healthy control women (C). Serum FABP levels were 2.5-fold higher in T2DM group relative to C and were not affected by fenofibrate treatment (C: 20.6±2.1 μg/l, T2DM before F: 55.6±5.7 μg/l, T2DM after F: 54.2±5.4 μg/l, p<0.0001 for C vs. T2DM before F). Hyperinsulinemia during the clamp significantly suppressed FABP levels in both C and T2DM group. FABP levels positively correlated with BMI, triglyceride levels, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, atherogenic index and insulin levels. An inverse relationship was found between FABP and HDL levels, metabolic clearance rate of glucose, M/I and MCRglc/I sensitivity indexes. We conclude that FABP levels are closely related to BMI, parameters of insulin sensitivity, HDL levels and measures of diabetes compensation. This combination makes FABP a valuable marker of metabolic disturbances in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus., M. M. Haluzík ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
29050. Serum antibody profiles of Sarcoptes scabiei infested or immunized rabbits
- Creator:
- Morgan, M.S. and Arlian, L.G.
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Subject:
- Sarcoptes scabiei, immunization, and antibody profile
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The circulating antibody profiles of rabbits infested or immunized with Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis were compared. Crossed immuno-electrophoretic analysis showed that infested hosts produced serum antibody to 12 proteins (antigens) in an extract made from sarcoptic mite bodies. In contrast, rabbits immunized with an extract made from mite bodies produced antibody to 20 Sarcoptes proteins (antigens). SDS-PAGE/immunoblot analysis revealed that serum from immunized rabbits contained antibodies that bound strongly to proteins of 25 and 39-52 kD that were only barely visualized by antibodies in serum from infested rabbits.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public