There is virtually no information on spontaneous variability of ECG body surface potential maps (BSPMs) and on dynamics of their reactive changes in healthy subjects. This study evaluated quantitatively the depolarization (QRS) and repolarization (QRST) parameters derived from the respective integral BSPMs, constructed beat-to-beat, from continual body surface ECG records in 9 healthy men resting supine, during head-up tilting and sitting. Spontaneous variability of the BSPMs parameters, both at rest and during postural reactions, was characterized by significant respiratory and low frequency oscillations, more pronounced when related to repolarization. Head-up tilting and sitting-up evoked significant decrease in the QRST-BSPM amplitudes, widening of the angle α and reduction of nondipolarity indexes, compared to the respective supine values. All these changes were gradual, characterized by transition phenomena and prolonged after-effect s. Tilting back to horizontal restored the resting supine va lues. The postural effects on depolarization were individually more variable and in the average showed a minimal QRS-BSPM amplitude increase. Beat-to-beat analysis of a train of ECG BSPMs provided the first evidence of spontaneous, non-random, respiratory and low frequency oscillations of the ventricula r repolarization pattern, and the first insight into the dynamics of body posture associated changes in ventricular recovery., E. Kellerová, V. Szathmáry, G. Kozmann, K. Haraszti, Z. Tarjányi., and Obsahuje bibliografii
NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertension is associated with protein remodeling of the left ventricle. The aim of the study was to show, whether aldosterone receptor blocker spironolactone and precursor of NOproduction L-arginine were able to reverse the protein rebuilding of the left ventricle. Six groups of male Wistar rats were investigated: control 4 (4 weeks placebo), L-NAME (4 weeks L-NAME), spontaneous-regression (4 weeks L-NAME + 3 weeks placebo), spironolactone-regression (4 weeks L-NAME + 3 weeks spironolactone), L-arginineregression (4 weeks L-NAME + 3 weeks arginine), control 7 (7 weeks placebo). L-NAME administration induced hypertension, hypertrophy of the left ventricle (LV), and the increase of metabolic and contractile as well as soluble and insoluble collagenous protein concentration. The systolic blood pressure and relative weight of the LV decreased in all three groups with regression, while the most prominent attenuation of the LVH was observed after spironolactone treatment. In the spontaneous-regression and L-arginine-regression groups the concentrations of individual proteins were not significantly different from the control value. However, in the spironolactone-regression group the concentration of metabolic, contractile and insoluble collagenous proteins remained significantly increased in comparison with the control group. The persistence of the increased protein concentration in the spironolactone group may be related to the more prominent reduction of myocardial water content by spironolactone., F. Šimko, A. Potáčová, V. Pelouch, L'. Paulis, J. Matúšková, K. Krajčírovičová, O. Pecháňová, M. Adamcová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Článek se věnuje srovnání podoby a vývoje sporu o vivisekce v Anglii a českých zemích, s důrazem na propojení protivivisekčního a ženského hnutí. První část textu na pozadí rozvoje medicíny popisuje okolnosti vzniku sporu a cestu, která vedla k přijetí první legislativy regulující experimenty se zvířaty. Druhá část představuje postoj F. P. Cobbeové, která je nejvýraznější ženskou postavu v tomto sporu. Třetí část mapuje situaci v českých zemích a nabízí důvody, které vysvětlují, proč se u nás v dané době organizované protivivisekční hnutí nezformovalo. Autorka tvrdí, že klíčovou roli sehrálo pozitivní vnímání vědců, které pramenilo z jejich zapojení do procesu národního obrození. V poslední části textu jsou pak představeny názory na vivisekci dvou postav českého ženského hnutí na počátku 20. století, P. Moudré a E. Vozábové. Autorka ukazuje, že v dané době argumenty, které líčily experiment v medicíně jako nepotřebnou a neužitečnou metodu bádání, již nemohly být přesvědčivé., The paper presents a comparison of the character and development of the discussion on the use of animals for scientific purposes in England and the Czech Lands, with the emphasis on the connection between the anti-vivisection and women’s movements. Against the background of the development of medical science, the first part describes the circumstances of the rise of the controversy and the path that led to the adoption of the first law regulating animal experiments. The second part presents the attitude of F. P. Cobbe, who was the most influential female figure in the debate. The third part maps the situation in the Czech Lands and suggests reasons as to why an organized anti-vivisection movement had not formed there. The author claims that the key role was played by the favorable perception of scientists due to their involvement in the process of National Revival. The last part presents the views on vivisection of two figures of Czech women’s movement at the beginning of 20th century - P. Moudrá and E. Vozábová. The author shows that the arguments that depicted the experiment in medical science as an unnecessary and useless method of research could no longer be convincing at the time., Zdeňka Jastrzembská., and Obsahuje bibliografii
In 1975–2005, we utilized data on water quality (N-NH4+, O2, Cl-) and number of carp caught (CC) as environmental data, and sport fishery statistics as species data, fromthree fishing stretches of the Berounka River, Czech Republic. An indirect gradient analysis (DCA) for calculating the strongest gradient affecting the species data, and direct linear gradient analysis (RDA) were used for assessing the relationships among environmental and species data. All RDA models were significant and consecutively explained 45.5, 39.6, and 39.7% of the variability of species data. The strength of environmental variables was evaluated by partial RDA. In the first stretch below the City of Plzeň, with the poor water quality and low carp yields, all environmental variables were significant and the CC data alone explained 26.2% variability of species data. In the second stretch, with intermediate water quality and carps yields, only two environmental variables (O2 and Cl-) were significant and in the third stretch near the city of Prague, with the same water quality and exceptionally high yields, the environmental variables did not significantly influence the species data. These results indicate that sport fishery statistics can be used as at least one source of information for studies of fish assemblages in streams where other data is lacking.