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31722. The systematic status of Philometra abdominalis Nybelin, 1928 (Nematoda: Philometridae) [= a junior synonym of P. ovata (Zeder, 1803)]
- Creator:
- Moravec, František
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Examination of the original literature concerning species of Philometra (Philometridae, Dracunculoidea) parasitic in the abdominal cavity of European cyprinids revealed that P. abdominalis Nybelin, 1928 is a junior synonym of P. ovata (Zeder, 1803), a parasite of cyprinids of the genera Gobio, Phoxinus and Leuciscus. The valid name of the species parasitizing cyprinids of the genera Abramis, Rutilus and Vimba, mostly reported erroneously as P. ovata, is P. cyprinirutili (Creplin, 1825) comb. n.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31723. The systematic status of Piscinema barakensis [sic] Gambhir et Ng, 2014 and Rhabdochona carpiae Nimbalkar, Deolalikar et Kamtikar, 2013, two nematodes recently described from freshwater fishes in India
- Creator:
- Moravec, František
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Nematoda, Philometridae, Rhabdochonidae, fish, and Oriental Region
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Based on the original description, the nematode genus Piscinema Gambhir et Ng, 2014 and its type species, P. barakensis [sic] Gambhir et Ng, 2014 (probably a misidentified physalopterid larvae), are removed from the Philometridae, where they were allocated; they are considered a genus inquirendum and incertae sedis and a species inquirenda, respectively. The poorly described nematode Rhabdochona carpiae Nimbalkar, Deolalikar et Kamtikar, 2013 (Rhabdochonidae) appears largely fabricated and is regarded a species dubia.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31724. The temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall intensity in urban watersheds
- Creator:
- Alied, Ghassan and Havlík, Vladimír
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- rainfall intensity, temporal and spatial distribution, movement of storm events, urban watershed, intenzita deště, časové a plošné rozložení, pohyb srážkové události, and urbanizované povodí
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- Theoretical assumptions and practical approaches to temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall intensity in urban watersheds is still a research topic. The speed and direction of movement of rainfall events above urban watersheds are principal hydrologic parameters, which influence a rainfall-runoff process. This contribution reviews three methods, namely the Inverse Distance-Weighted Method (IDWM), Time Shift Method (TSM) and newly developed Geometrical Method (GM). The principal assumption of all three methods is based on the calculation of fictitious rainfall intensity at a particular location as weighted interpolation among the nearest real rain gauge stations. Any rainfall event above the urban watershed can be classified either as moving or non-moving storm. While the Inverse Distance-Weighted Method can be used for non-moving storms, the other two methods can describe the parameters of moving storms. Model RainGen, which was originally developed to create a basic source of rainfall data for rainfallrunoff mathematical models in urban watersheds, may be used not only for visualization but as well as for comparing of the measured and computed results. Case study for moving storms in Prague shows the results of TSM and GM methods. and Teoretické předpoklady a praktické přístupy k řešení časového a plošného rozložení srážek v urbanizovaných povodích jsou stále předmětem výzkumu. Rychlost a směr pohybu dešťových událostí nad urbanizovanými povodími představují hlavní hydrologické veličiny, které ovlivňují srážko-odtokový proces. Příspěvek se zabývá třemi metodami výpočtu, a to inverzní váhovou metodou, metodou časového posunu a nově navrženou geometrickou metodou. Hlavní předpoklad u všech tří metod je ve zvoleném místě založen na výpočtu fiktivní intenzity deště a to na základě interpolace s využitím váhové funkce mezi nejbližšími srážkoměrnými stanicemi. Každou srážkovou událost nad urbanizovaným povodím lze klasifikovat buď jako pohyblivou, nebo nepohyblivou. Zatímco inverzní váhová metoda může být použita pro nepohyblivé srážkové události, metodu časového posunu a geometrickou metodu lze doporučit pro pohyblivé srážkové události. Model RainGen, který byl původně vytvořen k tvorbě základních srážkových dat pro potřeby matematických modelů povrchového odtoku z urbanizovaných povodí, může být využit nejen k vizualizaci výsledků, ale rovněž k jejich vzájemnému porovnávání. Případová studie pohyblivých srážkových událostí v Praze ukazuje porovnání výsledků metody časového posunu a geometrické metody.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31725. The temporal and spatial effects of reconstructive surgery on the atrophy of hindlimb muscles in anterior cruciate ligament transected rats
- Creator:
- Kaneguchi, Akinori, Ozawa, Junya, Minamimoto, Kengo, and Yamaoka, Kaoru
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- ACL injury, ACL reconstruction, arthrogenic muscle inhibition, disuse, and muscle atrophy
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- After anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, a decrease in muscle strength associated with muscle atrophy is frequently observed. The temporal and spatial effects of reconstructive surgery on muscle atrophy have not been examined in detail. This study aimed to 1) reveal the short and mid-term effects of reconstructive surgery on muscle atrophy, and 2) investigate the differences in the degree of atrophy after ACL reconstruction in the hindlimb muscles. ACL transection with or without reconstructive surgery was performed unilaterally on the knees of rats. Untreated rats were used as controls. At one or four weeks post-surgery, the relative muscle wet weights (wet weight/body weight) of the hindlimb muscles were calculated to assess atrophy. At one week post-surgery, muscle atrophy was induced by ACL transection and further aggravated by reconstructive surgery. Reconstructive surgery facilitated recovery from muscle atrophy in some muscles compared with those without reconstructive surgery (ACL transection alone) at four weeks post-surgery. Muscle atrophy after ACL reconstruction was greater in the rectus femoris and plantar flexors than in the semitendinosus and plantar extensors at one week post-surgery. These results indicate that reconstructive surgery exacerbates muscle atrophy in the first week post-surgery, while facilitating recovery between the first and fourth week post-surgery. After reconstructive surgery, muscle atrophy was observed not only in the quadriceps and hamstrings, but also in the lower leg muscles, suggesting the need for muscle strengthening interventions for the lower leg muscles as well as the quadriceps and hamstrings.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31726. The The Development of New-Style Public Rental Housing in Shanghai
- Creator:
- Chen, Jie
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- public housing, housing policy, urban development, and Shanghai
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This paper studies the roles of the new-style PRH (public rental housing) programme in Shanghai’s socio-spatial dynamics. It shows that the development of PRH in Shanghai is mainly a result of a deliberate ur-ban development policy in line with other strategies such as city marketing and gentrification. The analysis is augmented with data from a questionnaire survey of PRH tenants in Shanghai. Finally, this paper identifies challenges for the future development of the public rental housing sector in China.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31727. The therapeutic and prognostic role of clusterin in diverse musculoskeletal diseases: a mini review
- Creator:
- Zhang, Kun, Liu, Kaixin, Yu, Dechen, Tang, Yuchen, Geng, Bin, Xia, Yayi, and Xu, Peng
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- clusterin, ischemic necrosis, spinal cord injury, osteoarthritis, osteosarcoma, rheumatoid arthritis, Brucella abortus, Sjogren's syndrome, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, muscle glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and trauma
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This mini-review aims to introduce the association between Secretory clusterin/apolipoprotein J (sCLU) and diverse musculoskeletal diseases. A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to identify basic science and clinical studies, which implied the therapeutic and prognostic role of sCLU in diverse musculoskeletal diseases. sCLU is a multifunctional glycoprotein that is ubiquitously expressed in various tissues and is implicated in many pathophysiological processes. Dysregulated expression of sCLU had been reported to be assocaited with proliferative or apoptotic molecular processes and inflammatory responses, which participated in many pathophysiological processes such as degenerative musculoskeletal diseases including ischemic osteonecrosis, osteoarthritis (OA) and degenerative cervical myelopathy (spinal cord injury), neoplastic musculoskeletal diseases, inflammatory and autoimmune musculoskeletal diseases including Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), joint damage induced by Brucella abortus, Sjogren's syndrome, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, muscle glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and traumatic musculoskeletal diseases. Recent findings of sCLU in these musculoskeletal diseases provides insights on the therapeutic and prognostic role of sCLU in these musculoskeletal diseases. sCLU may serve as a promising therapeutic target for ischemic osteonecrosis, OA and spinal cord injury as well as a potential prognostic biomarker for OA and RA. Moreover, sCLU could act as a prognostic biomarker for osteosarcoma (OS) and a promising therapeutic target for OS resistance. Although many studies support the potential therapeutic and prognostic role of sCLU in some inflammatory and autoimmune-mediated musculoskeletal diseases, more future researches are needed to explore the molecular pathogenic mechanism mediated by sCLU implied in these musculoskeletal diseases.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31728. The time-course of agonist-induced solubilization of trimetric Gqα/G11α proteins resolved by two-dimensional electrophoresis
- Creator:
- Dana Durchánková, Jiří Novotný, and Petr Svoboda
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, bílkoviny, elektroforéza, thyrotr, physiology, proteins, electrophoresis, G proteins, solubilization, Gqα/G11α, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, TRH receptor, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Prolonged agonist stimulation results in specific transfer of activated Gα subunits of Gqα/G11α family from particulate membrane fraction to soluble (cytosol) cell fraction isolated as 250 000 x g supernatant. In this study, we have used 2D electrophoresis for more defined resolution of Gα subunits of Gqα/G11α family and followed the time course of solubilization effect. The small signal of soluble G proteins was already detected in control, hormone-unexposed cells. Hormone stimulation resulted in a slow but continuous increase of both intensity and number of immunoreactive signals/spots of these G proteins (10, 30, 60, 120 and 240 min). At longer times of agonist exposure (>2 hours), a marked increase of Gqα/G11α proteins was detected. The maximal level of soluble Gqα/G11α proteins was reached after 16 hours of continuous agonist exposure. At this time interval, eight individual immunoreactive signals of Gqα/G1 α proteins could be resolved. The relative proportion among these spots was 15:42:10:11:7:7:2:5. Solubilization of this class of Gα proteins was thus observed after prolonged agonist stimulation only, induced by ultra high concentration of hormone and in cells expressing a large number of GPCRs. Our data therefore rather indicate tight/persisting binding of Gqα/G11α proteins to the membrane., D. Durchánková, J. Novotný, P. Svoboda., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31729. The time-dependent effect of ProvinolsTM on brain NO synthase activity in L-NAME-induced hypertension
- Creator:
- Jendeková, L., Kojšová, S., Adriantsitohaina , R:, and Pecháňová, O.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Red wine polyphenols, Oxidative damage, Nitric oxide, Brain, and Hypertension
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Red wine polyphenols have been reported to possess beneficial properties for preventing cardiovascular diseases but their neuroprotective effects during chronic L-NAME treatment have not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to analyze a time course of Provinols TM effects on brain NO synthase activity and oxidative damage in L-NAME-induced hypertension. Male Wistar rats, 12 weeks old, were divided into six groups: control groups, groups treated with N G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 40 mg/kg/day) for 4 or 7 weeks and groups receiving ProvinolsTM (40 mg/kg/day) plus L-NAME for 4 or 7 weeks. At the end of the treatment, marker of membrane oxidative damage – conjugated dienes (CD) in the brain and NO synthase activity in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and brainstem were determined. L-NAME treatment for 4 or 7 weeks led to the increase in blood pressure, elevation of CD concentration and decrease of NO synthase activity in the brain parts investigated. ProvinolsTM partially prevented blood pressure rise and elevation of CD concentration. Comparing to the L-NAME treated group, ProvinolsTM increased NO synthase activity after 4 weeks of treatment. However, the prolonged ProvinolsTM treatment for 7 weeks had no effect on NO synthase activity decreased by L-NAME treatment. In conclusion, ProvinolsTM partially prevents L-NAME induced hypertension via the different mechanisms depending on the duration of treatment. Prevention of oxidative damage in the brain with modulating effect on NO synthase activity is suggested.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31730. The tool of power legitimisation and guardianship: social policy and its implementation in the pension systems of Czechoslovakia and the German Democratic Republic (1970-1989)
- Creator:
- Vilímek, Tomáš
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- socialist social policy, Czechoslovak, and East German
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The article deals with the topic of socialist social policy as a special feature and an extremely important instrument of legitimating power and of guardianship. Drawing on his extensive archival research, the author compares the starting points of the social-policy measures of the Czechoslovak and the East German CP leaderships from 1970 to 1989. He discusses the fundamental systemic prerequisites and ambitions of social policy, points out the limits of economic policy, and outlines the individual stages in the development of social policy in the two countries in the period under scrutiny. The focal point of the article is a systematic comparison of the development of pension plans, to which the political establishment in each country paid considerable attention. Providing social security to their senior citizenswas a serious problem for both regimes right up to late 1989, and the implemented measures were only partly successful in dealing with it. The article identifi es the pitfalls of retirement insurance, and takes into account the standard of living of pensioners in both countries. From his research, he concludes that old-age pensions were the Achilles’ heel of East German Socialism. The unanticipated circumstances of senior citizens, the tangible decline in their standard of living, the considerable employment of people of a post-productive age, and the continuous violation of the publicly declared principle of merit are, however, among the problems the Czechoslovak regime also struggled with throughout the years of reinstating hardline Communism in the post-1969 policy of ''normalisation''.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public