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474692. The pore architecture of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator channel revealed by co-mutation in pore-forming transmembrane regions
- Creator:
- Qian, Feng, Liu, Lian, Liu, Zhenzhen, and Lu, Chengbiao
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, patch clamp, site-directed mutagenesis, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel contains 12 transmembrane (TM) regions that are presumed to form the channel pore. However, t here is no direct evidence clearly illustrating the involvement of these transmembr ane regions in the actual CFTR pore structure. To obtain insight into the architecture of the CFTR channel pore, we used patch clamp recording techniques and a strategy of comutagenesis of two potential pore-forming transmembrane regions (TM1 and TM6) to investigate the collaboration of these two TM regions. We performed a range of specific functional assays comparing the single channel conductance, anion binding, and anion selectivity properties of the co -mutated CFTR variants, and the results indicated that TM1 and TM6 play vital roles in forming the channel pore and, thus, determine the functional properties of the channel. Furthermore, we provide d functional evidence that the amino acid threonine (T338) in TM6 has synergic effects with lysine (K95) in TM1. Therefore, we propose that these two residues have functional collaboration in the CFTR channel pore and may collectively form a selective filter ., F. Qian, L. Liu, Z. Liu, C. Lu., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
474693. The possibilities of mr tractography in diagnostics of symptomatic epilepsy in children with different genesis
- Creator:
- Aminov , Khabibulla
- Format:
- electronic, electronic resource, and remote
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, and TEXT
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In this article the possibilities of MR tractography in symptomatic epilepsy patients have been presented. We determined the quantitative standards of numerical values of diffusion of white matter in children with symptomatic epilepsy of various etiology. In children with symptomatic epilepsy, the pathological changes of white matter were localized not only in the epileptogenic, but also in the opposite hemisphere. The regions with abnormal white matter FA and ADC values not only matched to limbic circle zones, but also to areas of intra- and interhemispheric connections uniting the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes of the brain. Determining the specific clusters of brain tracts in symptomatic epilepsy, regardless of etiology, is important to predict the prognosis of the disease and the likely possibility of cognitive impairment. The study proved that symptomatic epilepsy is characterized by a variety of changes in the white matter of the brain tracts that lead to the dissociation of certain regions of the brain, interrupting connections between cortical and subcortical regions and inhibiting the transfer of information. It can be concluded, that diffusion-weighted imaging are much more sensitive to the structural and metabolic changes occurring in the brain, in comparison with conventional MRI images., Khabibulla Aminov, and Literatura
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
474694. The possible interpretation of the central void in the Jagellonian Field
- Creator:
- Grabińska, Teresa and Zabierowski, Mirosław
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- astronomy, galaxies, and Jagellonian Field
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The problem of interpretation of the so-called Central Void /CV/ in the Jagiellonian Field /JF/ is consldered. The galaxies in JF are inclined to group around CV into a pallium-like configuration. The popular suggestion that CV may reflects a really existlng and genuinely empty volume of the inter-multicluster space has been verified. So far any interstellar cloud was nover regarded as a possiblo explanation because of: 1. the cosecant-type laws descrlbing interstellar extlnctlon in the Milky Way, whlch made the galactlc extlnction at b=72” improbable, 2. the claims of the Zwicky´s School that JF was free of the extlnction, 3. the traditlonal view that multlclustering was not caused by absorptive dusty clouds, i.e. that the extended galaxy structures were not only apparent. The results of our work concem the conceptual foundatlons of the researoh programme oontained in early works of Splawa-Neyman /superclustors of galaxies called "clouds"/ and recent searches of Batuski and Burns on a poasible 300 Mpc filament of clusters of galaxies in Perseus-Pegasus. In the paper It ia proved that a local dusty cloud Is projected just onto the region of the Central Void.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
474695. The possible role of mRNA expression changes of GH/IGF-1/insulin axis components in subcutaneous adipose tissue in metabolic disturbances of patients with acromegaly
- Creator:
- Touskova, V., Klouckova, J., Viktória Ďurovcová, Zdeňka Lacinová, Petra Kaválková, Trachta, P., Mikuláš Kosák, Mraz, M., Marek, J., Krsek, M., and Martin Haluzík
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, tuková tkáň, inzulinová rezistence, adipose tissue, insulin resistance, acromegaly, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- We explored the effect of chronically elevated circulating levels of growth hormone (GH)/insulin -like -growth- factor-1 (IGF-1) on mRNA expression of GH/IGF-1/insulin axis components and p85alpha subunit of phosphoinositide -3-kinase (p85alpha) in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) of patients with active acromegaly and compared these findings with healthy control subjects in order to find its possible relationships with insulin resistance and body composition changes. Acromegaly group had significantly decreased percenta ge of truncal and whole body fat and increased homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA -IR). In SCAT, patients with acromegaly had significantly increased IGF-1 and IGF -binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) expression that both positively correlated wit h serum GH. P85alpha expression in SCAT did not differ from control group. IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 expression in SCAT were not independently associated with percentage of truncal and whole body fat or with HOMA -IR while IGFBP -3 expression in SCAT was an independ ent predictor of insulin receptor as well as of p85alpha expression in SCAT. Our data suggest that GH overproduction in acromegaly group increases IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 expression in SCAT while it does not affect SCAT p85alpha expression. Increased IGF-1 or IGFBP-3 in SCAT of acromegaly group do not appear to contribute to systemic differences in insulin sensitivity but may have local regulatory effects in SCAT of patients with acromegaly., V. Touskova, J. Klouckova, V. Durovcova, Z. Lacinova, P. Kavalkova, P. Trachta, M. Kosak, M. Mraz, D. Haluzikova, V. Hana, J. Marek, M. Krsek, M. Haluzik., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
474696. The postage stamp problem and arithmetic in base $r$
- Creator:
- Tripathi, Amitabha
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- $h$-basis, extremal $h$-basis, and geometric progression
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Let $h,k$ be fixed positive integers, and let $A$ be any set of positive integers. Let $hA:=\{a_1+a_2+\cdots +a_r\colon a_i \in A, r \le h\}$ denote the set of all integers representable as a sum of no more than $h$ elements of $A$, and let $n(h,A)$ denote the largest integer $n$ such that $\{1,2,\ldots ,n\} \subseteq hA$. Let $n(h,k):=\max _A\colon n(h,A)$, where the maximum is taken over all sets $A$ with $k$ elements. We determine $n(h,A)$ when the elements of $A$ are in geometric progression. In particular, this results in the evaluation of $n(h,2)$ and yields surprisingly sharp lower bounds for $n(h,k)$, particularly for $k=3$.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
474697. The potential benefit of intracarpal pressure measurement in endoscopic carpal tunnel syndrome surgery - an analysis of emg findings and pressure values
- Creator:
- Kanta, Martin
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
474698. The potential of carabid beetles (Coleoptera) to reduce slug damage to oilseed rape in the laboratory
- Creator:
- Oberholzer, Frank, Escher, Natalie, and Frank, Thomas
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Carabidae, Deroceras laeve, Deroceras reticulatum, Poecilus cupreus, Pterostichus melanarius, predation, and slugs
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Slugs are important pests of many agricultural crops, especially oilseed rape. The carabid beetles Pterostichus melanarius Illiger and Poecilus cupreus L. are among the most abundant large carabid beetles of European arable land and were therefore explored as potential slug antagonists. Damage to oilseed rape caused by the slugs Deroceras reticulatum Müller and D. laeve Müller in the presence or absence of P. melanarius and P. cupreus was observed in the laboratory. Whereas P. cupreus failed to reduce damage to oilseed rape by D. reticulatum, P. melanarius significantly reduced slug damage. However, P. melanarius was unable to protect oilseed rape from damage by D. laeve. This can be explained by the fact that D. laeve caused damage to oilseed rape below ground, where P. melanarius did not encounter the slugs. According to our laboratory experiments P. melanarius has the potential to reduce slug damage to oilseed rape by D. reticulatum.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
474699. The potential role of FoxO transcription factor during postembryonic periods in the silkworm, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)
- Creator:
- Kim, Jin Hee, Choi, Jae-Sun, Kim, Mi Young, Song, Hwa Young, and Lee, Bong Hee
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zoologie, entomologie, FoxO transcription factor, Bombyx mori, insulin signalling, MAPK pathways, starvation, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The Forkhead box O (FoxO) transcription factors, including FoxO1, FoxO3a, and FoxO4, have been implicated in the regulation of several biological processes, including stress resistance, metabolism, and apoptosis. In the present study, FoxO1 and FoxO3a patterns and their role in the regulation of the insulin signalling and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways were analyzed after starvation in the fat body cells of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. FoxO1 and FoxO3a are localized to the nuclei. It was found that the levels of the insulin receptor and phosphoryated kinase Akt (p-Akt) increased when the animals ceased feeding. Starvation conditions caused a decrease in extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, and an increase in c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 (MAP kinase) phosphorylation. This implies that the FoxO transcription factors are activated by starvation and that starvation leads to changes in the insulin signalling and MAPK pathways in B. mori. These results strongly suggest that the FoxO transcription factor may be involved in the regulation of the insulin signalling and MAPK pathways in B. mori. As such, the findings provide molecular entomologists with valuable information on the molecular mechanism of the signalling pathways in postembryonic development ofthe silkworm., Jin Hee Kim ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
474700. The pottery from the early medieval settlement at Pellendorf/Gaweinstal (Lower Austria) and its relationship to the Great Moravian sites on the River March
- Creator:
- Kühtreiber, Karin
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Early Middle Ages, Lower Austria, Moravia, rural settlement, pottery, raný středověk, Dolní Rakousko, Morava, sídliště, and keramika
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- This paper discusses the pottery finds from the 2003–2005 excavation of the settlement at Pellendorf/Gaweinstal in the central eastern area of the Weinviertel district in Lower Austria. The early medieval settlement was occupied from the 7th to the 10th centuries. The pottery finds from the 9th/10th century are characterised by shapes typical of the Mikulčice and Blučina pottery groups and of the March pottery in southern Moravia, and thus revealing intensive contact to the Great Moravian centres on the River March in that period. The paper also mentions further sites with the same pottery in northern Lower Austria, which, taken as a whole, indicate that in the 9th century the area was culturally, economically, and thus presumably also politically, closely connected to the Moravian Empire. and Výzkum sídlištní lokality Pellendorf/Gaweinstal ležící ve středu východní části oblasti Weinviertel (Dolní Rakousko) poskytl v letech 2003–2005 keramický materiál, který je diskutován v předložené studii. Sídliště bylo využíváno od 7. do 10. století. Keramika z přelomu 9. a 10. stol. se vyznačuje tvary a výzdobou, jež jsou typické pro soudobá velkomoravská centra na řece Moravě. Pozornost je věnována také dalším lokalitám v severní části Dolního Rakouska, z nichž pocházejí keramické nálezy obdobného charakteru. V celkovém pohledu tento nálezový inventář svědčí o úzkém kulturním, ekonomickém, a patrně i politickém propojení příslušných oblastí Dolního Rakouska s Velkou Moravou v 9. století.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public