Czechoslovakia, as a successor state of Austria-Hungary, was forced to deal with the loss of the large protected domestic market that had been provided by membership of the former empire. Several trade missions were organised in the early 1920s in order to seek new areas of activity for Czechoslovak exports and imports, often in hitherto unknown markets. The missions were initiated by the Ministry of Trade or the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The paper describes a mission organised by Václav Girsa, which was led by Josef Hříbek. The Hříbek mission was a Czechoslovak legionaries' mission, organised as a by-product of the return of the Legions en route from Vladivostok to Europe. The mission aimed at providing a first hand analysis of the Turkestan area. The route led from Vladivostok, through Bombay, to British Balochistan and then from Eastern Persia to Turkestan. ongoing local conflicts caused a major change in the mission's plans and the group undertook an economic and political study of persia instead., Adéla Jůnová Macková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The goal of this paper is not only to explain the history of the little known affair of the British citizen William N. Churchill that occurred in the vicinity of Scutari (Üsküdar) in 1836 but also, and in particular, to demonstrate that as part of its course and outcome the European Powers utilized similar not very serious and largely insubstantial abuses of their citizens in other parts of the world in order to justify their own imperailistic conduct, and thus far exceeded the gravity of the alleged abuses through their own actions. To introduce this issue within a wider perspective, the present article links the Churchill Affair with another event from the same epoch, the so-called Fly Wisk Incident of an Algerian Dey in 1827, which enabled the French government to justify its subsequent occupation of Algeria, thus initiating the European conquest of North Africa in the 19th century., Miroslav Šedivý., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Czech is a typical inflecting language. This brings numerous problems in accommodating foreign names in Czech texts (both written and spoken), Chinese personal names being no exception to the rule. The present article begins with a discussion on the structure of Chinese names, explaining the components xing and mingzi. The names used by the Chinese living abroad (the usage of an inverted order of the components, the usage of Western first names etc.) are addressed as well. The ways in which foreign personal names are accommodated within the context of the Chinese language are also briefly introduced. A substantial part of the article deals with the morphological accommodation of Chinese personal names within the context of the Czech language, namely through the declension of Chinese male names according to Czech nominal paradigms, and the derivation of feminine surnames from masculine surnames adding the suffix -ová, which is partly questionable in the case of Chinese female names. The problem of latinization are discussed (the options being either to utilize the Chinese Pinyin alphabet or the Standard Czech Transcription), as well as the proper reading of names within the context of spoken Czech (the absolute phonetic accuracy is neither possible nor desirable). The article closes with a declension table for Chinese male names (the recommended forms are given both in the Pinyin alphabet and in the Standard Czech Transcription)., Hana Třísková, Zdenka Heřmanová., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The Czech structuralist Vladimír Skalička belongs to eminent language typologists of the 20th century. His epoch-marking contribution deals primarily with Hungarian, yet in a relatively extensive paper, Skalička investigated typology of Modern Chinese as well, and repeatedly referred to Chinese in his later works considering it a classical example of a polysynthetic language. Such classification deliberately contradicted the both then and now widely accepted view that Chinese is a typical isolating language. Not only that his thesis did not compel specialists in Chinese linguistics – the very attempt of this famous scholar has fallen into oblivion and has, in fact, never been reflected upon by sinologists in any proper way. The present article aims to at least partially compensate for this negligence., Lukáš Zádrapa., and Obsahuje seznam literatury