Featured in this issue is the Final Report of an international audit critical of the system of assessment and funding of science and research in the Czech Republic. While concluding that change is imperative, the auditors praised the increasing quality of Czech scientific work. The Final Report was presented by the Ministry of the Education, Youth and Sport on October 13, 2011. The auditors primarily deplored the low state support and minimal funding of science by the industrial sector. They recommend abandoning the current methodology of research and development results assessment and the questionable mechanical calculation of the level of funding of individual institutions based on it. The Education Ministry's representatives affirmed that the Czech Republic will launch a project of a new, more efficient funding of science. The audit of the Czech research system was carried out by the international team during 2010-2011 with support from the Technology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the ASCR. and Jiří Rákosník.
Forty years ago, the first person set his foot on the surface of the Moon. Astronaut Neil Armstrong made the first step on the Moon from Apollo 11’s landing craft designated named the Eagle on July 20, 1969. He summed up this monumental event with his well-known prediction: “That is one small step for [a] man; one giant leap for mankind”. The moon landing is seen as the highest point of U.S. space program motivated by a long-running space race with the former Soviet Union. Twelve years before the Apollo 11 mission, the Soviet Union launched the first satellite into the Earth’s orbit. and Antonín Vítek.
Vzrůstající využívání digitálních technologií ve vědecké práci a komunikaci vyvolává otázku, jaká je epistemologická povaha takto vytvořeného vědění. V tomto eseji využívám pojmový aparát, který vyvinuli Steven Shapin a Simon Schaffer k analýze historického sporu mezi Robertem Boylem a Thomasem Hobbesem o způsob vytváření vědění v přírodní filosofii, a aplikuji jej na problematiku digitálního výzkumu. Jejich koncepty tří technologií vytvářejících vědění - materiální, literární a sociální - se ukazují jako heuristicky užitečné koncepty i pro reflexi digitálních technologií. Ty jsou v eseji představeny nikoliv jako samostatné technologie vytváření faktů, nýbrž jako prvky, kolem nichž se dosavadní vědecké technologie radikálně rekonfigurují. Zvláštní pozornost esej věnuje představě kódu jako literární technologie a roli digitálních technologií v humanitních vědách., The increasing use of digital technologies in scientific work and communication raises the question of the epistemological nature of knowledge thus produced. In this essay, I am employing the conceptual apparatus developed by Steven Shapin and Simon Schaffer for the analysis of the historical dispute between Robert Boyle and Thomas Hobbes over the ways of producing knowledge in natural philosophy, and applying it to digital research. Their concept of three knowledge-making technologies - material, literary and social - appear to be heuristically useful concepts for reflecting on digital technologies as well. The latter are presented in the essay not as a separate facts-producing technology, but as elements around which the existing scientific technologies are radically reconfigured. Particular attention is paid to the concept of code as a literary technology and the role of digital technologies in the humanities., Radim Hladík., and Obsahuje bibliografii