„Velké druhy“ racků je označení zahrnující racky z druhového komplexu racka bělohlavého (Larus cachinnans), racka středomořského (L. michahelis) a racka stříbřitého (L. argentatus). Jejich populace v Evropě a Severní Americe za posledních ca 50 let značně narostly. Šíření tak oportunistických druhů vyvolalo obavy z jejich možného negativního vlivu na biodiverzitu, početnost a hnízdní úspěšnost jiných druhů vodního ptactva. Naskýtá se otázka, zda je vhodné začít velké druhy racků na našem území potlačovat, a pokud ano, jaká opatření by bylo vhodné zavést., The populations of „large gulls“ from the species complex Larus cachinnans, L. michahelis and L. argentatus have undergone a widespread demographic increase in the last 50 years, particularly in Europe and North America. The spread of such opportunistic species can negatively influence biodiversity and the breeding success of other bird species breeding at the same site. The question of population control and different methods used is nowadays also a frequently discussed topic in the Czech and Slovak Republics., and Hana Latková.
The 9th annual Science and Technology Week was organized for the public by the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic on November 2-8, 2009 and it took place in Brno, České Budějovice, Hradec Králové, Ostrava, Plzeň and Praha. The program included speeches by scientific professionals, presentations of noteworthy experiments, workshops, non-traditional exhibitions, science cafés, and visits to laboratories and academic workplaces. Science and Technology Week is one of the largest science communication efforts which presents the latest scientific achievements and results of current research. and Luděk Svoboda.
A major reform in the reign of Joseph II was the establishment in 1786 of the provincial building directorates, through which the court aimed to regulate all public building works in the monarchy. Although the original aim of unifying building regulations throughout the realm was never achieved, the reform was a success and remained in force, with a few minor amendments, until the revolutionary year of 1848. One reason for its success was the elite corps of civil engineers who staffed these institutions. This study looks at advances in technical education, especially engineering, in the Habsburg monarchy from the beginning of the 18th century and the emergence of the Collegia Nobilia, or elite colleges, where graduates were prepared for a career in the Imperial Army. Besides military architecture, the colleges also taught the fundamentals of civil engineering, turning out some of the best‐trained creators of early modern architecture. The development and nature of this elite engineering training is examined with reference to the engineering academies of Prague, Vienna and Olomouc. In all three cases we stress the colleges’ status within the state framework, and their evolution in the light of changing official doctrine and methods of instruction. In all three cases it is clear that during the latter half of the 18th century the original ‘aristocratic’ colleges began to decline and were slowly replaced by similar state‐controlled establishments. As a first step, the court of Joseph II introduced a specialized course in practical architecture at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts. From around 1800 this model was gradually superseded by the progressive French‐style polytechnic, a modified version of which remains the standard model for technical education to this day., Michal Konečný., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy