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1632. Praktické využití botaniky
- Creator:
- Karel Prach
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Botanika, botanika, cévnaté rostliny, 2, and 58
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Botanical knowledge can be directly applied especially in nature conservation and ecological restoration. Extensive field experience, good knowledge of plants and thorough theoretical background are important prerequisites. Some applications are also possible in the agricultural, forestry, pharmacy, food and textile industries. and Karel Prach.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1633. Praktický houbař
- Creator:
- Melzer, Václav
- Publisher:
- Zemědělské knihkupectví A. Neubert
- Format:
- print and 149 s. : il. ; 20 cm
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- 582.282/.284, (083.72), 58, 2, houby, houby jedlé, houby jedovaté, sběr, zpracování, výživa člověka, jídla, and Botanika
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- napsal V. Melzer, Obsahuje abecední seznam hub, klíč k určení našich nejdůležitějších hub jedlých i jedovatých s návodem, jak jich upotřebiti v kuchyni a hospodářství, and Converted from MODS to DC version 1.8 (EE patch 2018/05/24)
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1634. Praon volucre (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae), a natural enemy of Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Hemiptera: Aphididae): Life table and intrinsic rate of population increase
- Creator:
- Lins jr., Juracy Caldeira, Bueno, Vanda Helena Paes, Silva, Diego Bastos, Sampaio, Marcus Vinicius, and van Lenteren, Joop C.
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, entomologie, Aphididae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Braconidae, Praon volucre, parasitoid, fecundity, immature mortality, developmental time, biological control, intrinsic rate of population increase, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Life table data of natural enemies are often used to understand their population dynamics and estimate their potential role in the biological control of pests. Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is an important pest of several crops and its intrinsic rate of population increase (rm) is 0.282 at 22°C. The life table parameters (immature mortality, developmental time, sex ratio of emerging adults, fecundity and longevity) of Praon volucre (Haliday) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) parasitizing M. euphorbiae were estimated in a climatic chamber at 22 ± 1°C, RH 70 ± 10% and 12 h photophase. Immature mortality was 8.2%, developmental time of males and females was 13.9 and 14.4 days, respectively, and the sex ratio was 0.55 (= fraction of females). Parasitoid fecundity was 504 eggs and longevity 11 days. The net rate of reproduction (R0) was 207.5 females and the intrinsic rate of population increase (rm) 0.281 females/female/day. The time for doubling the population (TD) was 2.45 weeks. P. volucre has a population growth rate similar to that of its host M. euphorbiae and might therefore be a good candidate for the biological control of this aphid. and Juracy Caldeira Lins jr., Vanda Helena Paes Bueno, Diego Bastos Silva, Marcus Vinicius Sampaio, Joop C. van Lenteren.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1635. Prasanna K. Mohanty: 1 April 1934 - 9 March 2013
- Creator:
- Papageorgiou, George C.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Mohanty, Prasanna K., fotosyntéza, nekrology, rostlinní fyziologové, photosynthesis, obituaries, plant physiologists, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- G. C. Papageorgiou. and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1636. Prázdné ulity plžů a tajemství, která skrývají
- Creator:
- Niedobová, Jana, Hula, Vladimír, and Košulič, Ondřej
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, hmyz, bezobratlí, ulity, pavouci, insects, invertebrates, gastropod shells, spiders, Morava jižní (Česko), Moravia, Southern (Czechia), 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Článek shrnuje dosavadní znalosti o pavoucích zimujících v ulitách suchozemských plžů v České republice. Jde o dvě studie - jedna ze zimy 2008/2009 (2 448 prázdných ulit tří druhů suchozemských plžů: suchomilka obecná (Xerolenta obvia), páskovka žíhaná (Cepaea vindobonensis) a hlemýžď zahradní (Helix pomatia)). Druhá studie byla provedena v zimním období 2010/2011 (přes 30 000 ulit, stejné druhy jako v předchozích letech plus druhy: skalnice kýlnatá (Helicigona lapicida) a plamatka lesní (Arianta arbustorum)). Prozatím jsou souhrnně zpracována data z první studie, z druhé jsou v článku zmíněny pouze faunisticky významnější nálezy. Naše zjištění potvrzují nálezy ze zahraničí, že v ulitách přezimuje, často hojně, celá řada druhů pavouků, které považujeme za vzácné. Asi nejvýznamnější druhy jsou: skálovka šestitečná (Phaeocedus braccatus), snovačka pětitečná (Euryopis quinqueguttata), skákavka dvoutečná (Sitticus penicillatus), zápřednice Pennyova (Cheiracanthium pennyi), zápřednice karmínová (Ch. montanum) a další., This article summarises our knowledge of overwintering spiders in land snail shells in the Czech Republic. The results of two studies, based on the survey of more than 32 000 shells of 5 species, confirmed that many spider species considered rare actually overwinter in shells, often in large numbers. The most important records include Phaeocedus braccatus, Euryopis quinqueguttata, Sitticus penicillatus, Cheiracanthium pennyi and Ch. montanum., and Jana Niedobová, Vladimír Hula, Ondřej Košulič.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1637. Pražská oslava stého výročí objevu retrovirů
- Creator:
- Jiří Hejnar
- Type:
- article, zprávy, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Virologie, retroviry, kongresy, slavnosti, výročí, retroviruses, congresses, festivals, anniversaries, Praha (Česko), Prague (Czechia), 2, and 578
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR organised an international conference that brought together approximately 180 scientists from 20 countries whose study is focused on diverse aspects of the biology of different retroviral and retrotransposon systems. Sharing their individual insights and specific expertise should not only serve to uncover some of the remaining gaps in society’s understanding, but may also highlight important basic principles and properties that are unique to these elements and their interactions with their hosts. and Jiří Hejnar.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1638. Pražský týden experimentální biologie rostlin
- Creator:
- Jana Albrechtová
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Obecná biologie, experimentální biologie, mezinárodní konference, experimental biology, international conferences, Praha (Česko), Prague (Czechia), 2, and 57
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Jana Albrechtová.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1639. Pre- and post-parturial aspects of scorpion reproduction: a review
- Creator:
- Warburg, Michael R.
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zoologie, entomologie, Scorpiones, fertilization, insemination, gestation, parturition, birth, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Although scorpions are an ancient group their method of reproduction is rather complex and poorly studied. This review aims at clarifying some of the aspects of their reproduction that are important for understanding the reproductive ecology of other arthropods, including insects. The following aspects of scorpion reproduction are discussed and reviewed: mating, insemination, fertilization, gestation, parturition and birth. The onset of gestation and its duration are difficult to determine as both depend on the time of fertilization, for which there are no accurate estimates. There are only a few records of the time between birth and emergence of a larva from the maternal envelope in apoikogenic scorpions, which is important for a better understanding of ovoviviparity. All these questions are important as the answers will greatly enhance our understanding of the population ecology of scorpions in terms of the recruitment rates of cohorts and their chances of survival., Michael R. Warburg., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1640. Predace semen střevlíky v agrocenózách
- Creator:
- Pavel Saska, Alois Honěk, and Zdenka Martinková
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Botanika, botanika, hmyz, střevlíkovití, pěstitelství, botany, insects, ground beetles, horticultural education, 2, and 58
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Predace semen je strategie, kdy živočich za účelem obživy napadá a zničí mnoho semen rostlin. V tomto krátkém sdělení přibližujeme aktuální poznatky o střevlíkovitých predátorech semen po uvolnění z rostliny. Střevlíkovití brouci zpravidla preferují semena odpovídající velikosti jejich těla, výběr druhů preferovaných semen je však pro daný druh střevlíka typický a během sezony se nemění. Během sezony značně kolísá množství spotřebovaných semen, za optimálních podmínek vysoké hojnosti a aktivity brouků může být denně zničeno až 1000 semen na ploše 1 m2. Střevlíkovití přitom preferují semena hvězdnicovitých rostlin (Asteraceae), jako jsou pampelišky (Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia) nebo pcháč oset (Cirsium arvense), dále semena brukvovitých (Brassicaceae), jako je kokoška pastuší tobolka (Capsella bursa-pastoris). Střevlíkovití tak přispívají k udržení biologické rovnováhy., Seed predation is a strategy where an animal attacks and kills the seeds of plants. In this contribution we report on the latest knowledge on carabid beetles (Carabidae) feeding on seeds after dispersal from the plant. In general, carabid beetles prefer seeds of appropriate size to their body size, but the selection of seed species is species-specific and remains stable across the season. The consumption considerably varies throughout the year, and under optimal conditions the carabid beetles may destroy up to 1000 seeds per 1 m2. Carabid beetles prefer seeds of Asteraceae, such as Dandelion (Taraxacum) or Canadian Thistle (Cirsium arvense), and of Brassicaceae, such as the Shepherd’s Purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris). In this way the carabid beetles contribute to the balance in ecosystems., and Pavel Saska, Alois Honěk, Zdenka Martinková.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public