This research aims at quantitative analysis of time perspectives in the Czech society. For this purpose, Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory was used. The battery consists of 56 items comprising five time dimensions (orientations): Past Positive, Past Negative, Hedonistic Presence, Fatalistic Presence and Future. The data was gathered from a representative sample of the Czech population in the years 2003 and 2008. The factor analysis showed evidence for a multifactor structure which, in principal, does not differ from the original American version of ZTPI nor its adaptations in other countries. On the basis of item analysis, we adjusted the model to suit the Czech data as much as possible. In the Czech sample, orientations on the positive past and on the future were comparatively the strongest ones. Relations of time orientation with age, gender, level of education and religious faith were observed., Pavla Homolová., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The aim of this review article is to assess the use of different research methods in empirical studies on the influence of new media on journalism. It analyses all articles related to the topic which were published between 2006 and 2013 in three selected prestigious academic journals - Journalism, Journalism Studies and New Media & Society. Employing the principles of systemic review, the articles are grouped in three temporal categories according to the methods applied in the research they present. It is concluded that mostly traditional research methods were used in the analysed period, only with minor adaptation to the new communication environment. Only from 2009 some tendencies towards a change of classical methods (software analysis, various combinations of methods) and techniques (using of special software which helps to study new internet phenomena such as social networks sites Facebook and Twitter) are evident., Roman Hájek., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Migration research is an emerging field in the Czech Republic and data collection poses many methodological challenges. Some of the problems are universal for the research of other hard-to-reach populations. Other problems are, on the contrary, unique, applying only for the research of immigrants and could be country specific. This article focusses mainly on the quantitative research of immigrants where the issue of sampling problem is of major concern. The aim of the article is to address the issue of sampling immigrants in the context of the Czech Republic. In the first part of the article, there is a review of existing methodological approaches to researching immigrant populations. The focus here is on potential problems when applying particular methods in the Czech context. The second part of the article is dedicated to a review of four major Czech sample surveys of immigrants that are compared in terms of their methodology and basic results., Josef Bernard, Yana Leontiyeva., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The article confronts James Coleman’s and Randall Collins’s approaches towards action theory: reviews both their similarities (based on the importance of micro-sociological perspective for understanding social macro-level) and differences (their attitude towards the assumed rational nature of human action). Coleman supports the homo oeconomicus thesis and understands actors as beings, which make rational decisions and direct their actions on the basis of costs and gains calculations. Collins, on the other hand, emphasizes the extra-rational factors of emotions and routine. By putting up these approaches against each other two ideal type constructions arise, which are particular intellectual modes yet cannot comprehend social reality in its full complexity., Jiří Šubrt., and Obsahuje bibliografii