Both molecular and palaeoecological methods enable us to study past changes in plant distribution. The results of recent phylogeographical studies have demonstrated that Central Europe was not only at a crossroads of postglacial migration routes, but also an area where many species might have survived during glacial periods. and Tomáš Fér, Karol Marhold.
Apart from a brief overview of GIS analyses used in botany and an explanation of the differences between two basic data models (vector or grid), the current paper also offers three case studies which used GIS to plan sampling design, explain causes of species composition and model phenological map. and Dana Michalcová, Ondřej Hájek.
Hořce a hořečky patří dnes mezi vzácné a ohrožené druhy květeny České republiky. V prvním díle nového seriálu je uveden přehled všech hořečků zaznamenaných na našem území a podána stručná informace o jejich životní strategii, době květu a počtu doložených historických a stávajících lokalit. Pro veškeré snahy o záchranu populací středoevropských hořečků je důležitá podrobná znalost jejich životního cyklu. Ten je v současné době nejlépe prostudován a bohatě fotograficky ilustrován pro dvouleté na podzim kvetoucí hořečky., Gentiana and Gentianella species are rare and endangered species of flora in the Czech Republic. The list of all Gentianella species occurring in our country together with brief information about their life strategies, flowering time and the number of documented historical and current sites are published in the first part of this series. Detailed knowledge of the life cycle is crucial for species protection. Currently the most studied and extensively photographed life cycle is known for the biennial autumnal Gentianella species., and Jiří Brabec.
The second part of this series presents information on the ecology, historical and recent distribution of Gentianella praecox subsp. bohemica, a subendemic species of the Czech flora. The effects of different management treatments on the establishment, survival and seed production of this biennial gentian was assessed at several sites. Creation of gaps in surrounding vegetation through regular mowing together with disruption of turfs through harrowing have been identified as optimal management strategies. Detailed knowledge of the biology of short-lived gentians allows the identification of critical stages of their life cycle and prediction of population dynamics. and Jiří Brabec, Anna Lampei Bucharová.
The presented species prefers intermittently wet meadows and pastures, and thus differs from other gentians that are able to colonize a wide range of habitats (broad-leaved dry grasslands, mesic and wet habitats, submontane and montane Nardus grasslands). The presence of gaps in the vegetation is the major prerequisite for plant establishment and survival. Regular mowing or grazing accompanied by disruption of turf can support the creation of open sward. our experimental data from 13 sites show that regular management can restore the gentians populations. and Jiří Brabec.