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832. Introduction
- Creator:
- Zuzana Červinková and Jakub Otáhal
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Zuzana Červinková, Jakub Otáhal.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
833. Introduction
- Creator:
- Marie Nováková and Pavel Bravený
- Format:
- Type:
- article, úvodníky, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, odborné časopisy, physiology, professional journals, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Marie Nováková, Pavel Bravený.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
834. Introduction
- Creator:
- Alena Sumová
- Format:
- Type:
- article, úvodníky, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, odborné časopisy, fyziologie, professional journals, physiology, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Alena Sumová.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
835. Introduction
- Creator:
- Stanko S. Stojilković, Pavle R. Andjus, and Gordana Cvijić
- Format:
- Type:
- article, úvodníky, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Stanko Stojilkovic, Pavle Andjus, Gordana Cvijić.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
836. Inverse association of lipoprotein (a) with markers of insulin resistance in dyslipidemic subjects
- Creator:
- Helena Vaverková, David Karásek, Milan Halenka, Cibíčková, L., and Kubíčková, V.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, dyslipidémie, inzulinová rezistence, lipoproteiny, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, lipoproteins, lipoprotein (a), metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is an LDL-like particle that contains an apolipoprotein B100 molecule covalently bound to a plasminogen-like glycoprotein, apolipoprotein (a) [apo(a)]. Epidemiological evidence supports a direct and causal association between Lp(a) levels and coronary risk. On the contrary, a few prospective findings demonstrate inverse association of Lp(a) levels with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The aim of our study was to evaluate the association of Lp(a) with indicators of insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MS), which precede development of T2DM. We enrolled 607 asymptomatic dyslipidemic subjects (295 men and 312 women, mea n age 45.6±14.0 years) into our cross-sectional study. Lp(a) concentrations correlated inversely with TG, AIP, insulin, HOMA, C-peptide, BMI, waist circumference, and number of MS components (p<0.01 for all). Subjects with MS had significantly lower Lp(a) concentrations in comparison with those without the presence of this phenotype (p<0.0001). Serum concentrations of Lp(a) in the lower (1th 3rd) quartiles of insulin and HOMA were significantly higher than in the 4 th quartile of these insulin resistance markers (p<0.001). Odds ratios of having increased markers of IR (TG, HOMA) and MS in top quartile of Lp(a) also indicate inverse association of Lp(a) with IR. The results of our study support an inverse association of Lp(a) levels with IR and MS that precedes overt T2DM diagnosis., H. Vaverková, D. Karásek, M. Halenka, L. Cibíčková, V. Kubíčková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
837. Involvement of actin microfilament in regulation of pacemaking activity increased by hypotonic stress in cultured ICCs of murine intestine
- Creator:
- Wang, Z. Y., Huang, X., Liu, D. H., Lu, H. L., Kim, Y. C., and Xu, W. X.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, stres (fyziologie), physiology, stress (physiology), ICCs, hypotonic stress, actin microfilament, pacemaking activity, calcium oscillation, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Distension is a regular mechanical stimulus in gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This study was designed to investigate the effect of hypotonic stress on pacemaking activity and determine whether actin microfilament is involved in its mechanism in cultured murine intestinal interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) by using whole-cell patch-clamp and calcium imaging techniques. Hypotonic stress induced sustained inward holding current from the baseline to -650±110 pA and significantly decreased amplitudes of pacemaker current. Hypotonic stress increased the intensity of basal fluorescence ratio (F/F0) from baseline to 1.09±0.03 and significantly increased Ca2+ oscillation amplitude. Cytochalasin-B (20 μM), a disruptor of actin microfilaments, significantly suppressed the amplitudes of pacemaker currents and calcium oscillations, respectively. Cytochalasin-B also blocked hypotonic stress-induced sustained inward holding current and hypotonic stress-induced increase of calcium oscillations. Phalloidin (20 μM), a stabilizer of actin microfilaments, significantly enhanced the amplitudes of pacemaker currents and calcium oscillations, respectively. Despite the presence of phalloidin, hypotonic stress was still able to induce an inward holding current and increased the basal fluorescence intensity. These results suggest that hypotonic stress induces sustained inward holding current via actin microfilaments and the process is mediated by alteration of intracellular basal calcium concentration and calcium oscillation in cultured intestinal ICCs., Z. Y. Wang, X. Huang, D. H. Liu, H. L. Lu, Y. C. Kim, W. X. Xu., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
838. Involvement of BKCa and KV potassium channels in cAMP-induced vasodilatation: their insufficient function in genetic hypertension
- Creator:
- Mária Pintérová, Behuliak, M., Jaroslav Kuneš, and Josef Zicha
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, hypertenze, hypertension, isoprenaline, cyclic AMP, potassium channels, genetic hypertension, calcium channels, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) are characterized by enhanced sympathetic vasoconstriction, whereas their vasodilator mechanisms are relatively attenuated compared to their high BP. The objective of our in vivo study was to evaluate whether the impaired function of BKCa and/or KV channels is responsible for abnormal cAMP-induced vasodilatation in genetic hypertension. Using conscious SHR and normotensive WKY rats we have shown that under the basal conditions cAMP overproduction elicited by the infusion of β-adrenoceptor agonist (isoprenaline) caused a more pronounced decrease of baseline blood pressure (BP) in SHR compared to WKY rats. Isoprenaline infusion prevented BP rises induced by acute NO synthase blockade in both strains and it also completely abolished the fully developed BP response to NO synthase blockade. These cAMP-induced vasodilator effects were diminished by the inhibition of either BKCa or KV channels in SHR but simultaneous blockade of both K+ channel types was necessary in WKY rats. Under basal conditions, the vasodilator action of both K+ channels was enhanced in SHR compared to WKY rats. However, the overall contribution of K+ channels to cAMP-induced vasodilator mechanisms is insufficient in genetic hypertension since a concurrent activation of both K+ channels by cAMP overproduction is necessary for the prevention of BP rise elicited by acute NO/cGMP deficiency in SHR. This might be caused by less effective activation of these K+ channels by cAMP in SHR. In conclusion, K+ channels seem to have higher activity in SHR, but their vasodilator action cannot match sufficiently the augmented vasoconstriction in this hypertensive strain., M. Pintérová, M. Behuliak, J. Kuneš, J. Zicha., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
839. Involvement of cerebellum in emotional behavior
- Creator:
- Strata, P., Scelfo, B., and Sacchetti, B.
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, mozeček, cerebellum, fear conditioning, learning and memory, purkinje cell, LTP/LTD, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In the last decade a growing body of data revealed that the cerebellum is involved in the regulation of the affective reactions as well as in forming the associ ation between sensory stimuli and their emotional values. In humans, cerebellar areas around the vermis are activated during mental recall of emotional personal episodes and during learning of a CS-US association. Lesions of the cerebellar vermis may affect retention of a fear memory without altering baseline motor/autonomic responses to the frightening stimuli in both human and animal models. Reversible inactivation of the vermis during the consolidation period impairs retention of fear memory in rodents. Recent findings demonstrate that long-term potentiation (LTP) of synapses in the cerebellar cortex occurs in relati on to associative fear learning similar to previously reported data in the hippocampus and amygdala. Plastic changes affect both excitatory and inhibitory synapses. This concomitant potentiation allows the cerebellar cortical network to detect co incident inputs, presumably conveying sensorial stimuli, with better efficacy by keeping the time resolution of the system unchanged. Collectively, these data suggest that the vermis participates in forming new CS-US association and translate an emotional stat e elaborated elsewhere into autonomic and motor responses., P. Strata, B. Scelfo, B. Sacchetti., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
840. Involvement of membrane fluidity in endogenous protective processes running on subcellular membrane systems of the rat heart
- Creator:
- Atila Ziegelhöffer, Waczulíková, I., Miroslav Ferko, Šikurová, L., Mujkošová, J., and Ravingerová, T.
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, rat heart sarcolemma, mitochondria, membrane fluidity, diabetes, hypertension, endogenous protection, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Membrane fluidity is a widely recognized biophysical variable that provides information about structural organization of the subcellular membranes exhibiting physical characteristics of liquid crystals. The term “fluidity” reflects in this case the tightness in packing of acyl parts of the membrane phospholipid molecules, a feature that may influence considerably the molecular mobility and via that also the sensitivity and reactivity of membranebound transporters, receptors and enzyme systems. Data presented in this review are aimed to demonstrate the substantial role of changes in membrane fluidity occurring in the processes associated with endogenous protection observed in cardiac sarcolemma and mitochondria in diverse pathologies, particularly in diabetes and hypertension., A. Ziegelhöffer, ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public