Objective: A prospective study was performed to determine the relation between plasma N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels and short- and long-term mortality in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). Settings: 1st Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Charles University Prague, Medical Faculty and Faculty Hospital Hradec Králové. Methods: NT-proBNP levels were measured at time of admission in 92 consecutive patients with AHF. Results: During one-year follow-up, 32 patients died. Mean levels of NT-proBNP were signifi cantly lower among the survivors (NT-proBNP: 7 855.4 ± 9 919.9 ng/l, vs.15 470.6 ± 11 273.1, p < 0.001). Hazard ratio (HR) for death from any cause for the patients with NT-proBNP levels above median as compared with those with NT-proBNP below median was 2.91 (0.84–10.10) for 7-day, 3.58 (1.17–11.1) for 28-day, and 3.76 (1.49–9.55): for 1-year mortality. Conclusions: NT-proBNP levels are elevated in acute heart failure, NT-proBNP is also the marker of short- and long-term mortality in acute decompensated heart failure patients, and provides prognostic information above and beyond that provided by conventional cardiovascular risk factors., Cíl studie: Posoudit vztah mezi plazmatickou hladinou N-terminálního mozkového natriuretického peptidu (NT-proBNP) a parametry krátko- i dlouhodobé mortality pacientů s akutním srdečním selháním. Název a sídlo pracoviště: 1. interní klinika, Ústav klinické biochemie a diagnostiky, Ústav imunologie a alergologie, Lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a Fakultní nemocnice, Hradec Králové. Materiál a metody: V souboru 92 pacientů s akutním srdečním selháním byla změřena hladina NT-proBNP ze vzorku krve odebraného v době přijetí. Parametry krátko- i dlouhodobé mortality byly stanoveny z dat z následného jednoročního sledování vyšetřovaného souboru. Výsledky: V průběhu sledování klinického stavu do konce prvního roku 32 pacientů zemřelo. Průměrná hladina NT-proBNP byla u přeživších pacientů významně nižší (NT-proBNP: 7 855,4 ± 9 919,9 ng/l, vs 15 470,6 ± 11 273,1, p < 0,001). Hazard ratio (HR) pro úmrtí z jakékoliv příčiny u pacientů nad medián bylo 2,91 (0,84–10,10) pro 7denní, 3,58 (1,17–11,1) pro 28denní a 3,76 (1,49–9,55) pro jednoroční mortalitu. Závěr: Hladina NT-proBNP je významně zvýšena u pacientů s akutním srdečním selháním. Analýza ukázala, že hladiny NT-proBNP jsou u pacientů s akutním srdečním selháním ukazatelem krátko- i dlouhodobé mortality., Pudil Radek, Tichý M., Andrýs C., Bláha V., Vojáček J., and Lit.: 22
Trastuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the HER-2 receptor. Trastuzumab-based therapy significantly improves response rate (RR), time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) for women with HER-2 positive metastatic breast cancer. Despite its initial efficacy, acquired resistance to trastuzumab develops in a majority of patients with MBC, and a large subset never responds, demonstrating primary resistance. The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine prognostic factors applicable to clinical practice. METHODS: We enrolled 112 women with metastatic breast cancer, who started the trastuzumab-based therapy at Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute until January 2007. Clinical and laboratory factors, such as: patients conditions, character ofmetastatic spread, histology, estrogen, progesterone and Her-2 receptor status, Her-2/neu gene amplification, and serum tumor markers CEA, CA 15-3 and extracellular domain of Her-2 receptor (S-HER-2 ECD) were monitored. The association of all factors to response to therapy, time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) was assessed. RESULTS: In 95% patients, the trastuzumab was combined with cytostatics (83% taxanes), 88,4% of patients started the trastuzumab as the first or second-line anticancer treatment. The median TTP was 284 days (9,3 months) and the median OS was 612 days (20,1 months) for all patients, RR was 54,5%. The highest RR was associated with the first-line treatment (p<0.0001) and with HER-2 gene/Chromosome 17 ratio > 2,2 (p=0,0092). Eleven patients (9,8%) discontinued the treatment because of toxicity, 7 patients did it as a result of cardiotoxicity (6,2%). CNS metastases occurred in 31 patients (27,7%). The S-HER-2 ECD was the most frequently elevated serum marker at the time of the treatment initialization (72,5%) and at the time of the progression (55,9%). Cox regression analysis identified S-HER-2 ECD levels at the beginning and between day 90 and 130 of the trastuzumab therapy as the best predictors of TTP. On the other hand the best predictor of OS was level of CEA before the treatment started and level of S-HER-2 ECD between day 90 and 130 of the trastuzumab therapy. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed that the only one predictive marker for response to trastuzumab therapy is a proof of HER-2 tumor positivity.The highest prevalence of S-HER-2 ECD positivity among serum tumor markers and the strong association between initial and subsequent S-HER-2 ECD serum concentrations and time to progression and overall survival make the S-HER-2 ECD the most significant prognostic marker., Svoboda Marek, Grell Peter, Šimíčková Marta, Fabian Pavel, Petráková Katarína, Palácpvá Markéta, Macková Dagmar, Trojanec Radek, Hajdúch Marián, Pavlík Tomáš, Nenutil Rudolf, Vyzula Rostislav, and Lit.: 37