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1. Leaf gas exchange characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence of three wetland plants in response to long-term soil flooding

Creator:
Li, M., Yang, D., and Li, W.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Carex cinerascens, Hemarthria altissima, irradiance, net photosynthetic rate, photosystem 2, Phragmites australis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and water use efficiency
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
The effects of soil flooding on gas exchange and photosystem 2 (PS2) activity were analyzed in leaves of Phragmites australis, Carex cinerascens, and Hemarthria altissima. Pronounced decrease in net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance with flooding was found only in C. cinerascens. No significant changes in PS2 activity were observed in all three species which suggests that the photosynthetic apparatus was not damaged. Among the three species, H. altissima is better adapted to flooding than P. australis and C. cinerascens. and M. Li, D. Yang, W. Li.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

2. Photosynthetic traits of Carex cinerascens in flooded and nonflooded conditions

Creator:
Li, M., Hou, G., Yang, D., Deng, G., and Li, W.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
botanika, botany, ANN, Carex cinerascens, and photosynthesis
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Gas exchange of Carex cinerascens was carried out in Swan Islet Wetland Reserve (29°48' N, 112°33' E). The diurnal photosynthetic course of C. cinerascens in the flooded and the nonflooded conditions were analyzed through the radial basis function (RBF) neural network approach to evaluate the influences of environmental variables on the photosynthetic activity. The inhibition of photosynthesis induced by soil flooding can be attributed to the reduced stomatal conductance (gs), the deficiency of Rubisco regeneration and decreased chlorophyll (Chl) content. As revealed by analysis of artificial neural network (ANN) models, gs was the dominant factor in determining the photosynthesis response. Weighting analysis showed that the effect of water pressure deficit (VPD) > air temperature (T) > CO2 concentration (Ca) > air humidity (RH) > photosynthetical photon flux density (PPFD) for the nonflooded model, whereas for the flooded model, the factors were ranked in the order VPD > C a > RH > PPFD > T. The different photosynthetic response of C. cinerascens found between the nonflooded and flooded conditions would be useful to evaluate the flood tolerance at plant species level. and M. Li ... [et al,.].
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

3. Responses of photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidative metabolism in winter wheat to post-anthesis shading

Creator:
Xu, C., Yin, Y., Cai, R., Wang, P., Ni, Y., Guo, J., Chen, E., Cai, T., Cui, Z., Liu, T., Yang, D., and Wang, Z.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
botanika, botany, antioxidative metabolism, photosynthetic traits, shading, Triticum aestivum L., 2, and 58
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
In a field experiment, two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, Tainong 18 (a large-spike cultivar) and Jinan 17 (a multiple-spike cultivar), were treated with 78% (S1), 50% (S2), and 10% (S3) of full sunshine (S0, control) from anthesis to maturity to determine the responses of photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidative enzyme activities in a flag leaf. Compared with S0 treatment, the chlorophyll (Chl) content and maximal efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry (Fv/Fm) of flag leaves were enhanced in treatments S1 and S2. From 0 to 7 d post flowering, the Chl content and Fv/Fm in S3 were also higher than those in S0, but significantly lower than those in controls, respectively. With the increase of shading intensity, the effective quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII) was promoted; whereas, the ratio of Chl a/b declined. Compared with S0, treatments S2 and S3 significantly suppressed the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), net photosynthetic rate (PN), and contents of total soluble sugar, nevertheless, S1 treatment showed positive effects on the above parameters. Under the same shading condition, Jinan 17 had larger Chl content and higher activities of PSII and antioxidative enzymes, but lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content than Tainong 18. The results indicated that multiple-spike cultivar was more advantageous for the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, where shading problem occurs later during the growth period, than the large-spike cultivar, because of the lesser damage in a flag leaf and better photosynthetic function of the former one. Wheat plants under S1 shading condition had relatively high activities of antioxidative enzymes and a low degree of membrane lipid peroxidation, which was in favor of stress resistance, maintaining high PN duration, and accumulation of photosynthates in wheat plants., C. Xu ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

4. Severe water deficit-induced ethylene production decreases photosynthesis and photochemical efficiency in flag leaves of wheat

Creator:
Yang, W., Yin, Y., Jiang, W., Peng, D., Yang, D., Cui, Y., and Wang, Z.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
fotosyntéza, ethylen, pšenice, photosynthesis, ethylene, wheat, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, chlorophyll fluorescence, net photosynthetic rate, severe water deficit, Triticum aestivum L., 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Jimai22 was used to evaluate the effect of ethylene evolution rate (EER) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) and their relations with photosynthesis and photochemical efficiency in plants well-watered (WW) and under a severe water deficit (SWD). SWD caused a noticeable reduction in the grain mass. The marked increases in both EER and the ACC concentration were observed under SWD; it was reversed effectively by exogenous spermidine (Spd) or amino-ethoxyvinylglycine (AVG). Thermal images indicated that SWD increased obviously the temperature of flag leaves, mainly due to the decrease in transpiration rate under SWD. Exogenous Spd or AVG decreased to some extent the temperature of the flag leaves. The strong decline in photosynthetic rate (PN) and stomatal conductance as well as the photodamage of PSII were also observed under SWD after 14 and 21 days after anthesis (DAA). Intercellular CO2 concentration was reduced at 7 DAA, but slightly increased at 14 and 21 DAA under SWD, indicating that the decreased PN at 7 DAA might result from stomatal limitations, while the decline after 14 and 21 DAA might be attributed to nonstomatal limitations. Correlation analysis suggested that EER and ACC showed negative relations to photosynthesis and photochemical efficiency. Data obtained suggested that the effects of SWD were mediated predominantly by the increase in EER and ACC concentration, which greatly decreased the leaf photosynthesis and photochemical efficiency, and, therefore, reduced the grain mass. Application of Spd or AVG reduced the EER and ACC, and thus positively influenced photosynthesis and photochemical efficiency under SWD., W. Yang, Y. Yin, W. Jiang, D. Peng, D. Yang, Y. Cui, Z. Wang., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public