Photoinhibition of photosynthesis: Role of carotenoids in photoprotection of chloroplast constituents

Title:

Photoinhibition of photosynthesis: Role of carotenoids in photoprotection of chloroplast constituents

Creator:

Choudhury, N. K. and Behera, R. K.

Identifier:

https://cdk.lib.cas.cz/client/handle/uuid:357305ec-931d-4a44-b5a4-d4f45c60dc7b
uuid:357305ec-931d-4a44-b5a4-d4f45c60dc7b
issn:0300-3604
doi:10.1023/A:1015647708360

Subject:

chlorophyll fluorescence, high irradiance, photosystem 1, photosystem 2, violaxanthin, xanthophyll cycle, and zeaxanthin

Type:

model:article and TEXT

Format:

bez média and svazek

Description:

Exposure of plants to irradiation, in excess to saturate photosynthesis, leads to reduction in photosynthetic capacity without any change in bulk pigment content. This effect is known as photoinhibition. Photoinhibition is followed by destruction of carotenoids (Cars), bleaching of chlorophylls (Chls), and increased lipid peroxidation due to formation of reactive oxygen species if the excess irradiance exposure continues. Photoinhibition of photosystem 2 (PS2) in vivo is often a photoprotective strategy rather than a damaging process. For sustainable maintenance of chloroplast function under high irradiance, the plants develop various photoprotective strategies. Cars perform essential photoprotective roles in chloroplasts by quenching the triplet Chl and scavenging singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen species. Recently photoprotective role of xanthophylls (zeaxanthin) for dissipation of excess excitation energy under irradiance stress has been emphasised. The inter-conversion of violaxanthin (Vx) into zeaxanthin (Zx) in the light-harvesting complexes (LHC) serves to regulate photon harvesting and subsequent energy dissipation. De-epoxidation of Vx to Zx leads to changes in structure and properties of these xanthophylls which brings about significant structural changes in the LHC complex. This ultimately results in (1) direct quenching of Chl fluorescence by singlet-singlet energy transfer from Chl to Zx, (2) trans-thylakoid membrane mediated, ΔpH-dependent indirect quenching of Chl fluorescence. Apart from these, other processes such as early light-inducible proteins, D1 turnover, and several enzymatic defence mechanisms, operate in the chloroplasts, either for tolerance or to neutralise the harmful effect of high irradiance. and N. K. Choudhury, R. K. Behera.

Language:

Multiple languages

Rights:

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
policy:public

Coverage:

481-488

Source:

Photosynthetica | 2001 Volume:39 | Number:4

Harvested from:

CDK

Metadata only:

false