It is obvious that n ew civil code provides very far reaching changes for the healthcare providers and their patients. Civil code presents completely new type of contract – treatment contract. This regulation w as influenced especially by DCFR and Dutch civil code. But due to historical reasons it is not completely clear if this new type of the contract is applicable without exceptions in all relationship s between healthcare provider s and patient s or there are al so other types of contracts which are ap p licable. The aim of this article is to provide guidelines for this determination of different types of contractual relationship . This determination of the contracts is very important for establishment of rights and duties of contractual parties, their potential liability and other remedies ., doc. JUDr. Tomáš Doležal, Ph.D., LL.M., and Literatura