Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common malignancy in the world's female population and with the highest lethality index among gynecological tumors. The prognosis of metastatic disease is usually poor, especially in platinum-resistant cases. There are several options for the treatment of metastatic disease resistant to platinum derivates (e.g. paclitaxel, topotecan and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin), all of which are considered equipotent. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) is a liposomal form of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin. It is characterized by more convenient pharmacokinetics and a different toxicity profile. Cardiotoxicity, the major adverse effect of conventional doxorubicin, is reduced in PLD as well as hematotoxicity, alopecia, nausea and vomiting. Skin toxicity and mucositis, however, emerge as serious issues since they represent dose and schedule-limiting toxicities. The pharmacokinetics of PLD (prolonged biological half-life and preferential distribution into tumor tissue) provide new possibilities to address these toxicity issues. The extracorporeal elimination of circulating liposomes after PLD saturation in the tumor tissue represents a novel and potent strategy to diminish drug toxicity. This article intends to review PLD characteristics and the importance of extracorporeal elimination to enhance treatment tolerance and benefits. and O. Kubeček, M. Bláha, D. Diaz-Garcia, S. Filip
Nádorová tkáňová banka obsahující kryokonzerované vzorky nádorových tkání umožňuje rozvoj nových diagnostických postupů založených na metodách molekulárně-biologických a genetických analýz. Naše studie byla zahájena v červnu 2008. Prezentované výsledky představují období pěti let (follow up). Celkový počet nemocných žen s karcinomem prsu, které byly zařazeny do projektu, byl 233 pacientek, průměrný věk 65,2 roku (věkový rozdíl 27–88 let). V naší studii byly odebrány a kryokonzervovány vzorky od 156 nemocných žen. Cílem naší studie je vytvořit program evidence a hodnocení prediktivních a prognostických faktorů analyzovaných novými molekulárně-biologickými a genetickými metodami. Využívání nových technologických postupů v léčbě nádorových onemocnění jako jsou např. biotechnologie a nanotechnologie, vyžadující hledání „nových“ prediktivních a prognostických faktorů, které budou vhodně doplňovat výběr léčby., The Tumor Tissue Bank containing cryopreserved samples unables development of new diagnostic methods based on molecular biologic and genetic analyses. Our study started in June 2008. In our study were taken and samples from 156 female patients. The results reported here represent the 3-year period of follow up. 316 women with breast carcinoma, mean age 65.2 years (age range 27 to 88 years) were admitted to this project. The aim of our study was to design a program of record-keeping and assessment of predictive and prognostic factors obtained with new molecular biologic and genetic methods. Utilization of new technologies in the treatment of cancer such as biotechnology and nanotechnology demand searching of „new“ predictive and prognostic factors that will suitably supplement the choice of therapy., Alžběta Filipová, Zuzana Mačingová, Pavel Jandík, Pavel Měřička, Martina Řezáčová, Stanislav Filip, and Literatura
INTRODUCTION: Annually more than 27,000 persons die of cancer in the Czech Republic and the overall incidence of malignancies is still increasing. These data shows the need for affordable and good follow-up care especially for patients without any cancer treatment due to irreversible progression of tumor. Currently the outpatient palliative cancer care gets more into the forefront. Prerequisite for a well working outpatient palliative care is cooperation with general practitioners and home health care agencies. The purpose of the so called program of palliative cancer care is to guide a patient in palliative cancer care and to improve the cooperation among health care providers. METHODS: During the period from January 2008 to October 2010 we evaluated in patient without any oncology treatment due to irreversible progression of tumor. RESULTS: In palliative outpatient clinic we treated 446 patients, 119 of them received home care services with average length of 27.8 days. 77 patients died at home, 51 in health facilities and 41 in inpatient hospice care. CONCLUSION: We present pilot study focusing on outpatient palliative cancer care which shows the real benefit from early indication of palliative cancer care. This type of care allows patients to stay as long as possible at home among their close relatives. and I. Slánská, J. Kopecký, S. Filip