Over the last two decades my colleagues and I have assembled the literature on a good percentage of most of the coccidians (Conoidasida) known, to date, to parasitise: Amphibia, four major lineages of Reptilia (Amphisbaenia, Chelonia, Crocodylia, Serpentes), and seven major orders in the Mammalia (Carnivora, Chiroptera, Lagomorpha, Insectivora, Marsupialia, Primates, Scandentia). These vertebrates, combined, comprise about 15,225 species; only about 899 (5.8%) of them have been surveyed for coccidia and 1,946 apicomplexan valid species names or other forms are recorded in the literature. Based on these compilations and other factors, I extrapolated that there yet may be an additional 31,381 new apicomplexans still to be discovered in just these 12 vertebrate groups. Extending the concept to all of the other extant vertebrates on Earth; i.e. lizards (6,300 spp.), rodents plus 12 minor orders of mammals (3,180 spp.), birds (10,000 spp.), and fishes (33,000 spp.) and, conservatively assuming only two unique apicomplexan species per each vertebrate host species, I extrapolate and extend my prediction that we may eventually find 135,000 new apicomplexans that still need discovery and to be described in and from those vertebrates that have not yet been examined for them! Even doubling that number is a significant underestimation in my opinion.
Examinations of nematodes collected from some marine fishes off the southwestern coast of Java, Indonesia in 2000 and 2001 revealed the presence of the following six species: ascaridoids Ichthyascaris grandis sp. n. from the intestine of Lophiomus setigerus (Vahl), I. cf. longispicula Li, Liu, Liu et Zhang, 2012 from the intestine of Conger cinereus Rüppel, Ichthyascaris sp. from the body cavity of Lobotes surinamensis (Bloch), and Raphidascaroides halieutaeae Yin, 1983 from the intestine of Halieutaea stellata (Vahl), and philometrids Philometra ivaschkini Parukhin, 1976 from the stomach wall of Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus and P. psettoditis Moravec, Walter et Yuniar, 2012 from the body cavity (liver) of Psettodes erumei (Bloch et Schneider). Descriptions of these nematodes based on light and scanning electron microscopical studies are provided. The new species I. grandis sp. n. is mainly characterised by large body measurements (males and females up to 41.8 mm and 73.6 mm long, respectively), the length of spicules (0.99-1.05 mm), the tail tip usually without rudimentary spines and by the presence of 44-53 pairs of caudal papillae, eight to twelve of which being postanals. In addition to new data on the morphology of R. halieutaeae and other nematodes recorded, the 11 species of Raphidascaroides Yamaguti, 1941 poorly described from marine fishes in South Asia and reviewed in the monograph of Sood (2017) are considered species inquirendae and incertae sedis.
Cieľom výskumu bolo prvotné overenie psychometrických charakteristík slovenského prekladu Skríningov internalizujúceho (YIBS) a externalizujúceho (YEBS) správania mládeže. Výskumný súbor tvorilo 526 žiakov základných a stredných škôl vo veku 10 až 19 rokov (M = 12,81; SD = 2,00). Koeficienty reliability pre YIBS (ω = 0,87) aj YEBS (ω = 0,81) nadobúdajú uspokojivé hodnoty. Stredne silný vzťah bol zistený medzi školskou začlenenosťou a mierou internalizujúcich (rs = - 0,44; p ˂ 0,001) aj externalizujúcich symptómov (rs = - 0,30; p ˂ 0,001). Výsledky konfirmačnej faktorovej analýzy podporili dvojfaktorovú štruktúru dotazníka YIBS merajúceho úzkosť a depresiu. Hodnoty indikátorov v prípade YEBS boli na hranici akceptovateľnosti pre prijatie trojfaktorového modelu (problémové správanie, hyperaktivita, problémy s pozornosťou) až po identifikovaní a odstránení jednej problematickej položky. Výsledky overovania slovenského prekladu metód poukazujú na uspokojivé psychometrické charakteristiky dotazníka YIBS a zároveň na potrebu reformulácie problematickej položky v škále YEBS. and The aim of the study was an initial investigation of the psychometric properties of the Slovak version of the Youth Internalizing Behavior Screener (YIBS) and Youth Externalizing Behavior Screener (YEBS). The sample consisted of 526 10- to 19-year-old students of primary and secondary schools (M = 12.81; SD = 2.00). Both measures, YIBS (ω = 0.87) and YEBS (ω = 0.81) had satisfactory reliability coefficients. Medium-to-large associations were found between school membership and internalizing (rs = - 0.44; p ˂ 0.001) as well as externalizing behaviors (rs = - 0.30; p ˂ 0.001). Findings from confirmatory factor analysis supported the two-factor structure of YIBS, measuring symptoms of anxiety and depression. Findings for YEBS were barely acceptable to support the three-factor measurement model (conduct problems, hyperactivity, attention problems) only after the identification and removal of a problematic item. The results of the investigation of psychometric properties of methods provide satisfactory evidence in favour of the Slovak version of the YIBS while addressing the need for rewording of the problematic YEBS item.