Search

Start Over Coverage 1-5 Language Czech

4. Daily relative sunspot numbers 1818-1848: reconstruction of missing observations

Creator:
Letfus, Vojtěch
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
observations, sunspots, and method of interpolation
Language:
Czech
Description:
The missing daily relative sunspot numbers in the time interval 1818-1848 were reconstructed by the nonlinear two-step method of interpolation. In the first step directly interpolated gaps were not longer than five days. In the second step, the data were sorted in the so called Bartels scheme, i.e. in rows of the length of 27 days subsequently ranged in a matrix. The missing data of longer gaps were interpolated columnwise, i.e. the missing value at any position was interpolated from the data at the same positions of preceeding and following rows. The procedure enables to interpolate long gaps and simultaneously respect the 27-day data variation. The Appendix A contains annual tables of daily data, Appendix B gives monthly and annual means and Appendix C presents simutaneously annual plots of primary data and of those reconstructed by interpolation. The differences between the monthly and annual means of primary data and of data completed by interpolation are small and fluctuate around zero. Only in the time interval 1835-1842, when the frequency of observations was lowered, the amplitude of fluctuations is enhanced. The dispersion of monthly differences σ is ±4.3 R and of annual means ±1,1 R. The two-step method of interpolation was tested on the daily data series in the time interval 1918-1948. The sequence of missing daily data in the years 1818-1848 represents a masking function. The differences between the monthly and annual means of primary and modified data are small with fluctuations around zero and with dispersion σ for monthly differences ±2.7 R and for annual differences ±0.6 R. The small dispersion gives evidence about a high reliability of relative sunspot numbers derived from observations in the years 1818-1848 and also about the effectivity of the two-step method of interpolation. and Materiál obsahuje 3 (nestránkované) apendixy: - Appendix A Daily relative sunspot numbers 1818-1848 [s. 6-22] - Appendix B Monthly and annual means of relative sunsppot numbers 1818-1848 [s. 23-24] - Appendix C Plots of daily relative sunspot numbers 1818-1848 [s. 25-56]
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

5. Globální muž a lokální žena? Feministický pohled na globalizaci

Creator:
Kolářová, Marta
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
globalization, gender, and market production
Language:
Czech
Description:
The paper presents a feminist critique of globalization. The mainstream theories of globalization have a masculine bias. Bringing gender aspects to globalization characterizes global actors and creates a framework for global issues. Mostly the economic globalization and the changes of the organization of labour globally are addressed. The link between the hegemonic form of masculinity and feminized production is described. The global production is dependent on cheap women's work in factories of transnational corporations in the global South. Flexibilization and informalization of labour is associated with its feminization. Globalization processes are changing gender systems and affecting the dichotomies of the masculine and feminine world by bringing more and more women into formerly male-dominated spheres, especially production and migration.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

7. Mezigenerační solidarita a gender (pečující dcery a pečující synové)

Creator:
Přidalová, Marie
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
gender, caring, and generation
Language:
Czech
Description:
This review study deals with a phenomenon of adult children's caregiving for their aging parents and focuses on gender themes in this field. Findings of empirical and theoretical studies mostly of British and American authors are introduced. Based on both foreign and Czech literature sources the author provides a general view of the filial responsibility attitudes and the actual behavior. Starting from the fact that women (daughters in particular) form the majority of all caregivers, she presents some of the explanations for this state (socialization theory, theory of men's and women's different position in labor market, same-gender preferences theory) and at the same time arguments which do not fully support them. The attention is paid to the ways how men perceive filial obligation, in what circumstances and how they participate in the care of a parent. Caregiving is mainly viewed more as a natural feature than a learnt or gained ability which is supposed to make women more appropriate candidates to undertake it. The author discusses the future of intergenerational solidarity in general and the possible course of changes.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public