Ductile shear zone recorded valuable data about the progressive deformation and geodynamic setting of the earth crust. Analysis of the strain ratio on the deformed quartz grains in the samples of the Zagros orogenic shear zone indicated generally most of the strain ellipsoids shape are prolate and developed under constructional strain regime. Principal axes of the strain ellipticity ratio varied in the range between 2.04 to 3.12, shear strain magnitude analysis indicated εs are between “0.6 to 1.3”. Strain ellipsoid shape also revealed the propagation of the shear zone could not be coeval with the continental collision because in the collision region expected the ellipsoid shape to be oblate. Flattening strain regime in the Zagros Orogeny contemporaneous with the collisional event (D1 phase) and widespread in the Sanandaj-Sirjan Metamorphic Zone. Constructional conditions and prolate strain ellipsoid could be related to the post-collisional deformation phase (D2 phase). In this event stretching and shearing localized in the ductile shear zone and transtension structures superimposed on the former transpression structures. The deformation followed by third phase and brittle event (D3 phase) and caused to the propagation of veins. These veins somewhere cut the foliation and in the other place are parallel to foliation plane.
The Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular parasites, now thought to be derived fungi. Presented here is a comparative small subunit rDNA (ssrDNA) analysis of 125 species of Microsporidia (sequences obtained from GenBank). This analysis shows that groups or clades are formed based largely on habitat and host. This result is supported by comparative molecular analyses of the past decade, and indicates that structural and ultrastructural characters are unreliable for distinguishing among higher-level microsporidian taxa. Our findings indicate the presence of five major clades of Microsporidia which group according to habitat. We present three new classes of Microsporidia based on natural phylogenetic groupings as illustrated by the ssrDNA analysis: Aquasporidia, Marinosporidia and Terresporidia. The names of the proposed classes reflect the habitat of each group. The class Aquasporidia, found primarily in freshwater habitats, is a paraphyletic group consisting of three clades. The Marinosporidia are found in hosts of marine origin and the Terresporidia are primarily from terrestrial environments.