The paper describes a mathematical and physical modelling of flow of complex slurries in pipelines, i.e. a flow of slurries composed of solids covering a very broad range of particle sizes that overlaps more than one flow patterns – non-Newtonian, pseudohomogeneous, heterogeneous and fully-stratified. A typical examples are residual products (“tailings”) from mining industry with normal average particle sizes of 20 to 100 μm or more. Experimental results of flows of complex slurries composing of non-Newtonian carrier fluid and three fractions of glass particles in 50 mm pipe are presented. Depending on the particle size, particles show different flow patterns and therefore considerable differences in pressure drops. Fine particles tend behave as a homogeneous matter, while coarser particles exhibit heterogeneous behaviour and even coarser particles form a sliding bed. A mathematical 3-component predictive model for turbulent flow of complex slurries is presented based on well-established semi-empirical formulae developed originally for flows with Newtonian carrier. The predicted values of pressure drops show very reasonable agreement with experimental results and indicate suitability of the model for engineering practice.
Branchotenthes octohamatus sp. n. (Monogenea: Hexabothriidae) is described from the gills of the southern fiddler ray, Trygonorrhina fasciata Müller et Henle (Elasmobranchii: Rhinobatidae), off Adelaide, South Australia. It is distinguished from the type species, Branchotenthes robinoverstreeti Bullard et Dippenaar, 2003, by producing eggs that are joined end to end forming a chain, in the morphology of the male copulatory organ that has a pronounced constriction in duct diameter between proximal and distal regions, the possession of a thin muscular layer surrounding the proximal part of the male copulatory organ and distal region of the vaginae, and by the absence of a raised process on the shaft of the hamulus. An amended generic diagnosis is provided and the reliability of sperm duct number as a generic character is discussed. The oncomiracidium of B. octohamatus is also described and is the first monogenean to be described with only eight hooklets in the larval haptor. This discovery of eight hooklets may be important for higher-level monogenean evolutionary hypotheses.
Nostoc muscorum cells showed metal-induced decrease in the relative growth, pigment contents, O2 evolution, and Hill activity in response to lead (Pb2+) and cadmium (Cd2+) treatment, which was further accentuated with increase in metal exposure time and metal concentration. I50 concentrations (50% growth inhibitory concentrations) of Pb2+ and Cd2+ for growth of N. muscorum were 55 and 21 μg mL-1, respectively. These results indicated that the cells of N. muscorum were more susceptible to Cd2+ in comparison to Pb2+. The O2 production was relatively more sensitive to both heavy metals (I50: 16 and 10 μg mL-1 of Pb2+ and Cd2+, respectively) than the Hill activity (I50: 61 and 39 μg mL-1 of Pb2+ and Cd2+, respectively). Further, measurement of Hill activity in the presence of metals and electron donors showed that inhibition sites of both Pb2+ and Cd2+ were located on the oxidizing site of PSII. The chlorophyll a (Chl a) and phycobilisome (PB) fluorescence emission spectra showed that energy transfer from Chl a and PB to PSII reaction center was more susceptible to Cd2+ than Pb2+., S. Dixit, D. P. Singh., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Bentholebouria colubrosa gen. n. et sp. n. (Digenea: Opecoelidae) is described in the wenchman, Pristipomoides aquilonaris (Goode et Bean), from the eastern Gulf of Mexico, and new combinations are proposed: Bentholebouria blatta (Bray et Justine, 2009) comb. n., Bentholebouria longisaccula (Yamaguti, 1970) comb. n., Bentholebouria rooseveltiae (Yamaguti, 1970) comb. n., and Bentholebouria ulaula (Yamaguti, 1970) comb. n. The new genus is morphologically similar to Neolebouria Gibson, 1976, but with a longer cirrus sac, entire testes, a rounded posterior margin with a cleft, and an apparent restriction to the deepwater snappers. Morphologically, the new species is closest to B. blatta from Pristipomoides argyrogrammicus (Valenciennes) off New Caledonia but can be differentiated by the nature of the internal seminal vesicle (2-6 turns or loops rather than constrictions), a longer internal seminal vesicle (occupying about 65% rather than 50% of the cirrus sac), a cirrus sac that extends further into the hindbody (averaging 136% rather than 103% of the distance from the posterior margin of the ventral sucker to the ovary), and a narrower body (27% rather than 35% mean width as % of body length). A Bayesian inference analysis of partial sequence of the 28S rDNA from Neolebouria lanceolata (Price, 1934), Cainocreadium lintoni (Siddiqi et Cable, 1960), Hamacreadium mutabile Linton, 1910, Opecoeloides fimbriatus (Linton, 1910), Podocotyloides brevis Andres et Overstreet, 2013, the new species, and previously published comparable sequences from 10 opecoelid species revealed two clades. One clade includes deep-sea (≥ 200 m) and freshwater fish opecoelids + Opecoeloides Bremser in Rudolphi, 1819, and a second clade included those opecoelids from shallow-water marine, perciform fishes.
The paper is focused on non-destructive survey of the winged altar of Saint Catherine from the Basilica Minor of the Holy Cross in Kežmarok. Non-destructive physical methods, i.e. UV fluorescence and IR reflectography has been used for the analysis and assessment of the altarpiece dating 1493. Non-destructive testing has offered the possibility of obtaining relevant information without sampling. and Príspevok je zameraný na nedeštruktívne metódy prieskumu krídlového oltára sv. Kataríny z Baziliky minor sv. Kríža v Kežmarku. Nedeštruktívne fyzikálne metódy UV fluorescencie a IR reflektografie boli použité na prieskum a analýzu oltára zroku 1493. Nedeštruktívne testovanie umožnilo získať relevantné informácie bez invazívneho odberu vzoriek.