The genetic basis of stomatal conductance (gs), net photosynthetic rate (PN), and transpiration rate (E) was explored by using a wheat doubled haploid population from a cross of Hanxuan10 and Lumai 14. The above three traits were evaluated in wheat flag leaves at 10, 20, 30 days after anthesis under drought stress (DS) and well-watered (WW), and quantitative trait loci (QTL) were analyzed. Expression of the traits during the grain filling stage showed downward trends under both conditions, but expression of three phenotypes were stronger under WW than those under DS. Extremely significant positive correlations were established among the traits at all growth stages under both conditions. A total of 18 additive QTLs for those traits were identified on 10 chromosomes. Among them, two batches of nine additive QTLs were associated with the target traits under DS and WW, respectively. Two additive QTLs for gs and E, two for gs and PN, six for gs, PN, and E clustered at the same or near the region (colocation) of chromosomes 4A, 2B, and 7B, respectively. This provided genetic basis for close phenotype correlations among gs, PN, and E. Furthermore, QTLs for gs, PN, and E near Xgwm577 and Xgwm611 located on 7B chromosome were linked to previously reported QTLs regulating a SPAD value and the chlorophyll a/b ratio under dark-induced condition. This finding indicated that these QTLs on 7B chromosome might be involved in the process of wheat leaf senescence., S. G. Wang, S. S. Jia, D. Z. Sun, H. Y. Wang, F. F. Dong, H. X. Ma, R. L. Jing, G. Ma., and Obsahuje bibliografii
In lasermike (laser measuring scanner) the measurement information is converted to become time-dependent by scanning. An object to be measured is scanned transversely by a laser beam waist. An angular scanning is transformed into linear by scan lens and the detector output signal is of the form of shadow of an object. Assuming constant scan velocity, the shadow time is the measure of the size of an objedt. A quick scanning of a beam makes lasermikes indispensable in all kinds of dynamic operations. There are four main areas of application: read/write/ display, technology, medicine nad measurement.
In the presented paper the scanned laser beam is split into two mutually orthogonal beams giving information not only about the dimension, but also about the position and the form of an object. The reference standard introduces within the measuring area enables the simultaneous calibration of the system. We used the simple polygon-mirror-based scanner driven by synchronous motor. The system operates in the 10x10 mm range with resolution 0.1 μm. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
We describe simulation approaches suitable for the full probabilistic reliability assessment of a concrete beam by the finite element method. We compare the direct Monte Carlo method with a variance reduction technique based on Importance Sampling. A material model for the concrete beam is presented. The obtained results of the reliability assessment are discussed. and Obsahuje seznam literatury