In contemporary societies religion has still a great influence on the culture and the way of organizing social life. Consequently family, its structure, norms, functions and roles are determined by the religion and its values. The paper presents the role of marriage in the Christian and Islamic societies. Whereas for Christians the celibate plays a key role as it is seen as the most desirable way of life, Islam religion does not recommend the state of womanlessness. However, the status of women in both Christian and Muslim families is shaped by patriarchal attitudes rooted in the social values. The author discuss pre-marital institution, e. g. an institution of ''mahr'' - a gift of money or valuables given by the bride's family to that of the groom to permit their marriage which serves afterwards as a private savings of the wife in the case of divorce. Furthermore, she compares ways of upbringing of children and attitudes to divorce in both religions. Finally, the author considers both religions similar in their concept of family due to their common Judaic origin.
The study of optometry at the Department of Optometry and Orthoptics, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University in Brno, successfully extends an education tradition of national center for nursery and non-medical health-care. Optometrists find engagement not only in optometric centres and opticians but they are also team members of ophthalmic clinics and refraction centres. It is a matter of time only when they take a firm post between professionals for instance treating patients with acquired brain damage or light brain dysfunctions. Such an engagement of optometrists is at present common in anglo-Saxon countries. and Výuka optometrie na katedře optometrie a ortoptiky LF MU Brno úspěšně navázala a rozšířila tradici ve vzdělávání v Národním centru ošetřovatelství a nelékařských zdravotnických oborů. Optometristé nalézají uplatnění nejen v optometrických centrech, očních optikách, ale stávají se součástí odborných týmů očních klinik a refrakčních center. Je jen otázkou času, kdy zaujmou i u nás svoje pevné místo mezi odborníky, problematiku řešícími pacientů, například se získaným poškozením mozku nebo lehkou mozkovou dysfunkcí. Toto zapojení optometristů je v současné době již běžné v anglosaských zemích.