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2. Experimental studies on the infectivity of Anguillicola crassus third-stage larvae (Nematoda) from paratenic hosts
- Creator:
- Székely, Csaba
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Subject:
- Anguillicola crassus, experimental infection, larval stages, intermediate hosts, paratenic hosts, European eel, and host reaction
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The swimbladder parasite Anguillicola crassus Kuwahara, Niimi et Itagaki, 1974 (Nematoda: Dracunculoidea) is a well-known pathogenic parasite of the Japanese and European eels. Numerous studies on the life cycle of the parasite have revealed the involvement of a copepod or an ostracod intermediate host and a fish paratenic host, in which the third-stage larvae (Lj) infective to the eel develop. The present study comprised infection experiments with the larvae of A. crassus. These experiments can be divided into three groups: (1) experimental reproduction of the parasite's life cycle via copepod intermediate hosts and fish paratenic hosts, (2) infection of another potential paratenic host with third-stage larvae of A. crassus collected from a paratenic host; (3) study of the ability of larvae damaged by paratenic hosts to infect the final host, the eel. Infection experiments have revealed that larvae which are still viable but have become encapsulated as a result of the host reaction mounted against them by cyprinid paratenic hosts (bleak, Alhumus alhumus) have lost their ability to infect the final host, the eel. At the same time, experimental infection of the eel with larvae derived from other paratenic fish hosts (river goby, Neogobius fluviati-lis: ruffe, Gymnocephalus cemua) showing no or only weak host reaction proved to be successful.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3. Isolation and characterization of two genes of the early light-induced proteins of Camellia sinensis
- Creator:
- Li, X. W., Liu, H. J., Xie, S. X., and Yuan, H. Y.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- botanika, botany, chlorophyll fluorescence, gene expression, low temperature, photoinhibition, photoprotection, 2, and 58
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Early light-induced proteins (ELIPs) are nuclear-encoded thylakoid proteins. In the present research, two full-length cDNAs (741 and 815 bp), encoding ELIPs (190 and 175 aa) and their genomic sequences, were isolated from tea leaves, and named CsELIP1 and CsELIP2, respectively. Both the deduced CsELIPs contain a chloroplast transit peptide in the N-terminus and a chlorophyll a/b binding protein motif with three transmembrane helices in the C-terminus. The genomic sequences of the two CsELIPs conform to the three-exon pattern of ELIP genomic sequences of other plant species. However, the identities between two CsELIPs and ACJ09655 from gymnosperm species were higher than all of ELIP-like proteins identified from other angiosperms. Expression analysis showed that the two CsELIP genes were significantly up-regulated when the photoinhibition occurred in tea leaves, implying that they might be involved in photoprotection., X. W. Li ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
4. Leaf photosynthesis, dark respiration and fluorescence as influenced by leaf age in an evergreen tree, Prosopis juliflora
- Creator:
- Shirke, P. A.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics, photochemical efficiency, photosystem 2, transpiration rate, and water use efficiency
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- P. juliflora trees produce leaves during two growth periods. The first cohort of leaves is produced during spring in cool conditions, while the second cohort is produced during monsoon under warm conditions. I studied photosynthetic characteristics of young, mature, and old leaves of the previous season (monsoon) in the spring season. Maximum net photosynthetic rate of a young leaf was lower than that of the mature and old leaves. The total CO2 fixed per day by the young leaves was just 36 % of that in the mature leaves while the old leaves fixed 76 % of that of the mature leaf. The total transpiration rate and water use efficiency (WUE) were similar in the mature and old leaves, while they were much lower in the young leaves. Dark respiration rate was maximal in the young leaves as compared to the mature and old leaves. About 92 % of the total CO2 fixed per day were respired by the young leaves. The diurnal fluorescence characteristics (ΔF/Fm', qp, and qN) of the young, mature, and old leaves showed that photochemical efficiency of photosystem 2 during midday decreased more in the young and old leaves than in the mature ones. However, the fluorescence characteristics showed that in all the three leaf types there was complete recovery of the photochemical efficiency at sunset from the midday depression. Fv/Fm in the young and mature leaves also confirmed this. Hence the young and old leaves were photosynthetically less efficient than mature leaves, but they were well adapted to withstand the harsh environmental conditions.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
5. Štúdium fyzikálnych vlastností zmesí fosfolipidov metódou ultrazvukovej velocimetrie
- Creator:
- Rybár, Peter and Hianik, Tibor
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- biofyzika, laserová anemometrie, lipidy, biophysics, laser velocimetry, lipids, 6, and 53
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- V práci sme študovali termodynamické vlastnosti lipidových dvojvrstiev veĺkých unilamelárnych vezikúl zložených z binárnych zmesí fosfatidylcholínov s rôznymi dĺžkami uhĺovodíkových reťazcov. Na štúdium bola použitá metóda merania rýchlosti a absorbcie ultrazvuku pri fixnej frekvencii (7,2 MHz). Fázové prechody dvojvrstiev zložených u čistých fosfolipidov sa vyznačovali výrazným maximom inkrementu absorbcie ultrazvuku, [αλ], kým v prípade binárnych zmesí boli pozorované dve maximá. Na základe analýzy získaných experimentálnych dát sa domnievame, že dve maximá inkrementu absorbcie [αλ] fázového prechodu binárnych lipidových zmesí môžu odrážať existenciu dvoch separovaných fáz, spôsobených neideálnou miešateĺnosťou molekúl oboch komponent. Existencia dvoch absorpčnych píkov môže odrážať aj efekty formovania klastrov v lipidovej dvojvrstve počas procesu fázového prechodu. Na základe vypočítaných hodnôt veĺkostí kooperatívnych jednotiek môžeme usudzovať o veĺkosti laterálnej fázovej separácie jednotlivých komponent binárnych lipidových zmesí. Z tvaru teplotných závislostí [αλ] pre binárne lipicové zmesi je možné predpokladať, že ich fázový prechod je daný lineárnou kombináciou fázových prechodov (absorbčných píkov) jednotlivých lipidových komponent., Peter Rybár, Tibor Hianik., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public