The aim of study was to gain a deeper knowledge about local and systemic changes in photosynthetic processes and sugar production of pepper infected by Obuda pepper virus (ObPV) and Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV). PSII efficiency, reflectance, and gas exchange were measured 48 and/or 72 h after inoculation (hpi). Sugar accumulation was checked 72 hpi and 20 d after inoculation (as a systemic response). Inoculation of leaves with ObPV led to appearance of hypersensitive necrotic lesions (incompatible interaction), while PMMoV caused no visible symptoms (compatible interaction). ObPV (but not PMMoV) lowered Fv/Fm (from 0.827 to 0.148 at 72 hpi). Net photosynthesis decreased in ObPV-infected leaves. In ObPV-inoculated leaves, the accumulation of glucose, fructose, and glucose-6-phosphate was accompanied with lowered sucrose, maltoheptose, nystose, and trehalose contents. PMMoV inoculation increased the contents of glucose, maltose, and raffinose in the inoculated leaves, while glucose-6-phosphate accummulated in upper leaves., A. Janeczko, M. Dziurka, G. Gullner, M. Kocurek, M. Rys, D. Saja,
A. Skoczowski, I. Tóbiás, A. Kornas, B. Barna., and Obsahuje bibliografii
For any ordinal $\lambda $ of uncountable cofinality, a $\lambda $-tree is a tree $T$ of height $\lambda $ such that $|T_{\alpha }|<{\rm cf}(\lambda )$ for each $\alpha <\lambda $, where $T_{\alpha }=\{x\in T\colon {\rm ht}(x)=\alpha \}$. In this note we get a Pressing Down Lemma for $\lambda $-trees and discuss some of its applications. We show that if $\eta $ is an uncountable ordinal and $T$ is a Hausdorff tree of height $\eta $ such that $|T_{\alpha }|\leq \omega $ for each $\alpha <\eta $, then the tree $T$ is collectionwise Hausdorff if and only if for each antichain $C\subset T$ and for each limit ordinal $\alpha \leq \eta $ with ${\rm cf}(\alpha )>\omega $, $\{{\rm ht}(c)\colon c\in C\} \cap \alpha $ is not stationary in $\alpha $. In the last part of this note, we investigate some properties of $\kappa $-trees, $\kappa $-Suslin trees and almost $\kappa $-Suslin trees, where $\kappa $ is an uncountable regular cardinal.