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Start Over Creator Danihelka, Jiří

11. Typification of the name Carex muricata var. lamprocarpa Wallr. and its nomenclatural consequences

Creator:
Řepka, Radomír and Danihelka, Jiří
Type:
article and TEXT
Subject:
Carex pairae, Cyperaceae, D. H. Hoppe, F. W. Wallroth, history of botany, L. Čelakovský, and lectotype
Language:
English
Description:
The name Carex muricata subsp. lamprocarpa “Čelak.” (1879) is frequently used in floras for C. pairae F. W. Schultz when it is treated as a subspecies of C. muricata L. However, the combination C. muricata var. lamprocarpa was published by Wallroth in 1822. The corresponding specimen in Wallroth’s collection in PR, studied by L. Čelakovský and designated here as a lectotype, is C. muricata as it has the characteristic shiny utricles. So the combination C. muricata subsp. pairae (F. W. Schultz) Čelak. (1870) has to be used.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

12. Viola elatior, V. pumila and V. stagnina in Austria, czechia and Slovakia

Creator:
Danihelka, Jiří, Niklfeld, Herald, and Šípošová, Helena
Type:
article and TEXT
Subject:
changes in frequency, conservation, herbarium, phytogeography, rare species, temporal dynamics, and Violaceae
Language:
English
Description:
Specimens of Viola elatior (VE), V. pumila (VP) and V. stagnina (VS) in 40 Austrian, Czech and Slovak public herbaria were revised, a total of almost 1750 specimens from the three countries. Apart from VE, the quality of the original identifications was rather poor, especially of VS, which was frequently confused with VP and V. canina. This, together with the confusion of nomenclature that persisted during the 19th century, made the old literature records unreliable. Hybrids are usually difficult to identify and are rarer than generally believed. VS and VP have similar distribution patterns: they occur mainly on floodplains of large lowland rivers and in adjacent hills in the N part of Bohemia, S and Central Moravia, E Austria and S Slovakia; they may be classified as river corridor plants. VS differs from VE and VP mainly by its presence in S Bohemia and its absence from large parts of S Slovakia, as well as its rarity in Austria and Slovakia. All three species grow predominantly in regions with a relatively warm and dry climate: most localities are situated in regions with a mean annual temperature of 7–11 °C and mean annual precipitation 401–700 mm. A temporal analysis of records revealed that all three species are declining in all three countries: generally, this decline is weakest in Austria, with 46–61% of grid cells with occurrences confirmed after 1980 (compared with the number of grid cells with records for 1801–2008), and strongest in Slovakia, with 18–32% of grid cells with occurrences confirmed after 1980. The decline is due mainly to the canalization of rivers and subsequent changes in land use, urbanization and recently afforestation. VE may also be endangered by modern forestry practices. The inclusion of all three species in national Red Lists and subsequent conservation measures are justified and necessary, though national Red List status may differ between countries.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/