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4. Vývoj plánování vědy v Československu a NDR v letech 1945-1989

Creator:
Franc, Martin and Kunštát, Miroslav
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
fyzika, vědecká politika, physics, scientific policy, 6, and 53
Language:
Czech
Description:
Příspěvek pojednává o vývoji organizace a řízení vědeckého výzkumu v Československu po druhé světové válce. Situace v našich zemích je zde srovnávána nejen se stavem v předcházejících epochách, ale souběžně i se stavem v nám patrně nejbližší zemi tehdejšího socialistického tábora - Německé demokratické republiky., This article deals with the development of the organisation and management of scientific research in the former Czechoslovakia and German Democratic Republic countries, i.e. the two most economically advanced countries of the former communist bloc. The authors identified prevailing similarities of scientific policies and planning of scientific research in both countries. With the exception of the early phase of post-war reconstruction (during the Soviet occupation before the creation of the GDR in 1949) the period can be described as the consolidaton of science policy in 1950s, the following reform phase in the 1990s and the critical phase in the 1970 and 1980s. In both countries the planning of science was justified by the Marxist premise of the "inevitable necessity" of planned development of society. The most important East Germany scientific institution - the German Academy of Sciences ((later the Academy of Sciences of the GDR) - never resembled such a monopolistic institution as the Czechoslovac Academy of Sciences (e.g. in the GDR the prestigious Leopoldina also existed in Halle). The influence of these institutions on the national planning of scientific research was different, in the case of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences its influence was in the 1950s and 1960s much greater., Martin Franc, Miroslav Kunštát., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public