CorefUD is a collection of previously existing datasets annotated with coreference, which we converted into a common annotation scheme. In total, CorefUD in its current version 0.1 consists of 17 datasets for 11 languages.
The datasets are enriched with automatic morphological and syntactic annotations that are fully compliant with the standards of the Universal Dependencies project. All the datasets are stored in the CoNLL-U format, with coreference- and bridging-specific information captured by attribute-value pairs located in the MISC column.
The collection is divided into a public edition and a non-public (ÚFAL-internal) edition. The publicly available edition is distributed via LINDAT-CLARIAH-CZ and contains 13 datasets for 10 languages (1 dataset for Catalan, 2 for Czech, 2 for English, 1 for French, 2 for German, 1 for Hungarian, 1 for Lithuanian, 1 for Polish, 1 for Russian, and 1 for Spanish), excluding the test data.
The non-public edition is available internally to ÚFAL members and contains additional 4 datasets for 2 languages (1 dataset for Dutch, and 3 for English), which we are not allowed to distribute due to their original license limitations. It also contains the test data portions for all datasets.
When using any of the harmonized datasets, please get acquainted with its license (placed in the same directory as the data) and cite the original data resource too.
References to original resources whose harmonized versions are contained in the public edition of CorefUD 0.1:
- Catalan-AnCora:
Recasens, M. and Martí, M. A. (2010). AnCora-CO: Coreferentially Annotated Corpora for Spanish and Catalan. Language Resources and Evaluation, 44(4):315–345
- Czech-PCEDT:
Nedoluzhko, A., Novák, M., Cinková, S., Mikulová, M., and Mírovský, J. (2016). Coreference in Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank. In Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'16), pages 169–176, Portorož, Slovenia. European Language Resources Association.
- Czech-PDT:
Hajič, J., Bejček, E., Hlaváčová, J., Mikulová, M., Straka, M., Štěpánek, J., and Štěpánková, B. (2020). Prague Dependency Treebank - Consolidated 1.0. In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2020), pages 5208–5218, Marseille, France. European Language Resources Association.
- English-GUM:
Zeldes, A. (2017). The GUM Corpus: Creating Multilayer Resources in the Classroom. Language Resources and Evaluation, 51(3):581–612.
- English-ParCorFull:
Lapshinova-Koltunski, E., Hardmeier, C., and Krielke, P. (2018). ParCorFull: a Parallel Corpus Annotated with Full Coreference. In Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2018), Miyazaki, Japan. European Language Resources Association.
- French-Democrat:
Landragin, F. (2016). Description, modélisation et détection automatique des chaı̂nes de référence (DEMOCRAT). Bulletin de l’Association Française pour l’Intelligence Artificielle, (92):11–15.
- German-ParCorFull:
Lapshinova-Koltunski, E., Hardmeier, C., and Krielke, P. (2018). ParCorFull: a Parallel Corpus Annotated with Full Coreference. In Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2018), Miyazaki, Japan. European Language Resources Association
- German-PotsdamCC:
Bourgonje, P. and Stede, M. (2020). The Potsdam Commentary Corpus 2.2: Extending annotations for shallow discourse parsing. In Proceedings of the 12th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, pages 1061–1066, Marseille, France. European Language Resources Association.
- Hungarian-SzegedKoref:
Vincze, V., Hegedűs, K., Sliz-Nagy, A., and Farkas, R. (2018). SzegedKoref: A Hungarian Coreference Corpus. In Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2018), Miyazaki, Japan. European Language Resources Association.
- Lithuanian-LCC:
Žitkus, V. and Butkienė, R. (2018). Coreference Annotation Scheme and Corpus for Lithuanian Language. In Fifth International Conference on Social Networks Analysis, Management and Security, SNAMS 2018, Valencia, Spain, October 15-18, 2018, pages 243–250. IEEE.
- Polish-PCC:
Ogrodniczuk, M., Glowińska, K., Kopeć, M., Savary, A., and Zawisławska, M. (2013). Polish coreference corpus. In Human Language Technology. Challenges for Computer Science and Linguistics - 6th Language and Technology Conference, LTC 2013, Poznań, Poland, December 7-9, 2013. Revised Selected Papers, volume 9561 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 215–226. Springer.
- Russian-RuCor:
Toldova, S., Roytberg, A., Ladygina, A. A., Vasilyeva, M. D., Azerkovich, I. L., Kurzukov,M., Sim, G., Gorshkov, D. V., Ivanova, A., Nedoluzhko, A., and Grishina, Y. (2014). Evaluating Anaphora and Coreference Resolution for Russian. In Komp’juternaja lingvistika i intellektual’nye tehnologii. Po materialam ezhegodnoj Mezhdunarodnoj konferencii
Dialog, pages 681–695.
- Spanish-AnCora:
Recasens, M. and Martí, M. A. (2010). AnCora-CO: Coreferentially Annotated Corpora for Spanish and Catalan. Language Resources and Evaluation, 44(4):315–345
References to original resources whose harmonized versions are contained in the ÚFAL-internal edition of CorefUD 0.1:
- Dutch-COREA:
Hendrickx, I., Bouma, G., Coppens, F., Daelemans, W., Hoste, V., Kloosterman, G., Mineur, A.-M., Van Der Vloet, J., and Verschelde, J.-L. (2008). A coreference corpus and resolution system for Dutch. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC’08), Marrakech, Morocco. European Language Resources Association.
- English-ARRAU:
Uryupina, O., Artstein, R., Bristot, A., Cavicchio, F., Delogu, F., Rodriguez, K. J., and Poesio, M. (2020). Annotating a broad range of anaphoric phenomena, in a variety of genres: the ARRAU Corpus. Natural Language Engineering, 26(1):95–128.
- English-OntoNotes:
Weischedel, R., Hovy, E., Marcus, M., Palmer, M., Belvin, R., Pradhan, S., Ramshaw, L., and Xue, N. (2011). Ontonotes: A large training corpus for enhanced processing. In Handbook of Natural Language Processing and Machine Translation: DARPA Global Autonomous Language Exploitation, pages 54–63, New York. Springer-Verlag.
- English-PCEDT:
Nedoluzhko, A., Novák, M., Cinková, S., Mikulová, M., and Mírovský, J. (2016). Coreference in Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank. In Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC’16), pages 169–176, Portorož, Slovenia. European Language Resources Association.
CorefUD is a collection of previously existing datasets annotated with coreference, which we converted into a common annotation scheme. In total, CorefUD in its current version 0.2 consists of 17 datasets for 11 languages.
The datasets are enriched with automatic morphological and syntactic annotations that are fully compliant with the standards of the Universal Dependencies project. All the datasets are stored in the CoNLL-U format, with coreference- and bridging-specific information captured by attribute-value pairs located in the MISC column.
The collection is divided into a public edition and a non-public (ÚFAL-internal) edition. The publicly available edition is distributed via LINDAT-CLARIAH-CZ and contains 13 datasets for 10 languages (1 dataset for Catalan, 2 for Czech, 2 for English, 1 for French, 2 for German, 1 for Hungarian, 1 for Lithuanian, 1 for Polish, 1 for Russian, and 1 for Spanish), excluding the test data.
The non-public edition is available internally to ÚFAL members and contains additional 4 datasets for 2 languages (1 dataset for Dutch, and 3 for English), which we are not allowed to distribute due to their original license limitations. It also contains the test data portions for all datasets.
When using any of the harmonized datasets, please get acquainted with its license (placed in the same directory as the data) and cite the original data resource too.
Version 0.2 consists of exactly the same datasets as the version 0.1. All automatically parsed datasets were re-parsed for v0.2 using UDPipe 2 with models trained on UD 2.6. Catalan-AnCora, Spanish-AnCora and English-GUM have been updated to match the their UD 2.9 versions.
CorefUD is a collection of previously existing datasets annotated with coreference, which we converted into a common annotation scheme. In total, CorefUD in its current version 1.0 consists of 17 datasets for 11 languages. The datasets are enriched with automatic morphological and syntactic annotations that are fully compliant with the standards of the Universal Dependencies project. All the datasets are stored in the CoNLL-U format, with coreference- and bridging-specific information captured by attribute-value pairs located in the MISC column. The collection is divided into a public edition and a non-public (ÚFAL-internal) edition. The publicly available edition is distributed via LINDAT-CLARIAH-CZ and contains 13 datasets for 10 languages (1 dataset for Catalan, 2 for Czech, 2 for English, 1 for French, 2 for German, 1 for Hungarian, 1 for Lithuanian, 1 for Polish, 1 for Russian, and 1 for Spanish), excluding the test data. The non-public edition is available internally to ÚFAL members and contains additional 4 datasets for 2 languages (1 dataset for Dutch, and 3 for English), which we are not allowed to distribute due to their original license limitations. It also contains the test data portions for all datasets. When using any of the harmonized datasets, please get acquainted with its license (placed in the same directory as the data) and cite the original data resource too. Version 1.0 consists of the same corpora and languages as the previous version 0.2; however, the English GUM dataset has been updated to a newer and larger version, and in the Czech/English PCEDT dataset, the train-dev-test split has been changed to be compatible with OntoNotes. Nevertheless, the main change is in the file format (the MISC attributes have new form and interpretation).
CorefUD is a collection of previously existing datasets annotated with coreference, which we converted into a common annotation scheme. In total, CorefUD in its current version 1.1 consists of 21 datasets for 13 languages. The datasets are enriched with automatic morphological and syntactic annotations that are fully compliant with the standards of the Universal Dependencies project. All the datasets are stored in the CoNLL-U format, with coreference- and bridging-specific information captured by attribute-value pairs located in the MISC column. The collection is divided into a public edition and a non-public (ÚFAL-internal) edition. The publicly available edition is distributed via LINDAT-CLARIAH-CZ and contains 17 datasets for 12 languages (1 dataset for Catalan, 2 for Czech, 2 for English, 1 for French, 2 for German, 2 for Hungarian, 1 for Lithuanian, 2 for Norwegian, 1 for Polish, 1 for Russian, 1 for Spanish, and 1 for Turkish), excluding the test data. The non-public edition is available internally to ÚFAL members and contains additional 4 datasets for 2 languages (1 dataset for Dutch, and 3 for English), which we are not allowed to distribute due to their original license limitations. It also contains the test data portions for all datasets. When using any of the harmonized datasets, please get acquainted with its license (placed in the same directory as the data) and cite the original data resource too. Compared to the previous version 1.0, the version 1.1 comprises new languages and corpora, namely Hungarian-KorKor, Norwegian-BokmaalNARC, Norwegian-NynorskNARC, and Turkish-ITCC. In addition, the English GUM dataset has been updated to a newer and larger version, and the conversion pipelines for most datasets have been refined (a list of all changes in each dataset can be found in the corresponding README file).
CorefUD is a collection of previously existing datasets annotated with coreference, which we converted into a common annotation scheme. In total, CorefUD in its current version 1.2 consists of 25 datasets for 16 languages. The datasets are enriched with automatic morphological and syntactic annotations that are fully compliant with the standards of the Universal Dependencies project. All the datasets are stored in the CoNLL-U format, with coreference- and bridging-specific information captured by attribute-value pairs located in the MISC column. The collection is divided into a public edition and a non-public (ÚFAL-internal) edition. The publicly available edition is distributed via LINDAT-CLARIAH-CZ and contains 21 datasets for 15 languages (1 dataset for Ancient Greek, 1 for Ancient Hebrew, 1 for Catalan, 2 for Czech, 3 for English, 1 for French, 2 for German, 2 for Hungarian, 1 for Lithuanian, 2 for Norwegian, 1 for Old Church Slavonic, 1 for Polish, 1 for Russian, 1 for Spanish, and 1 for Turkish), excluding the test data. The non-public edition is available internally to ÚFAL members and contains additional 4 datasets for 2 languages (1 dataset for Dutch, and 3 for English), which we are not allowed to distribute due to their original license limitations. It also contains the test data portions for all datasets. When using any of the harmonized datasets, please get acquainted with its license (placed in the same directory as the data) and cite the original data resource, too. Compared to the previous version 1.1, the version 1.2 comprises new languages and corpora, namely Ancient_Greek-PROIEL, Ancient_Hebrew-PTNK, English-LitBank, and Old_Church_Slavonic-PROIEL. In addition, English-GUM and Turkish-ITCC have been updated to newer versions, conversion of zeros in Polish-PCC has been improved, and the conversion pipelines for multiple other datasets have been refined (a list of all changes in each dataset can be found in the corresponding README file).
A richly annotated and genre-diversified language resource, The Prague Dependency Treebank – Consolidated 1.0 (PDT-C 1.0, or PDT-C in short in the sequel) is a consolidated release of the existing PDT-corpora of Czech data, uniformly annotated using the standard PDT scheme. PDT-corpora included in PDT-C: Prague Dependency Treebank (the original PDT contents, written newspaper and journal texts from three genres); Czech part of Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank (translated financial texts, from English), Prague Dependency Treebank of Spoken Czech (spoken data, including audio and transcripts and multiple speech reconstruction annotation); PDT-Faust (user-generated texts). The difference from the separately published original treebanks can be briefly described as follows: it is published in one package, to allow easier data handling for all the datasets; the data is enhanced with a manual linguistic annotation at the morphological layer and new version of morphological dictionary is enclosed; a common valency lexicon for all four original parts is enclosed. Documentation provides two browsing and editing desktop tools (TrEd and MEd) and the corpus is also available online for searching using PML-TQ.
The Prague Dependency Treebank 3.5 is the 2018 edition of the core Prague Dependency Treebank (PDT). It contains all PDT annotation made at the Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics under various projects between 1996 and 2018 on the original texts, i.e., all annotation from PDT 1.0, PDT 2.0, PDT 2.5, PDT 3.0, PDiT 1.0 and PDiT 2.0, plus corrections, new structure of basic documentation and new list of authors covering all previous editions. The Prague Dependency Treebank 3.5 (PDT 3.5) contains the same texts as the previous versions since 2.0; there are 49,431 annotated sentences (832,823 words) on all layers, from tectogrammatical annotation to syntax to morphology. There are additional annotated sentences for syntax and morphology; the totals for the lower layers of annotation are: 87,913 sentences with 1,502,976 words at the analytical layer (surface dependency syntax) and 115,844 sentences with 1,956,693 words at the morphological layer of annotation (these totals include the annotation with the higher layers annotated as well). Closely linked to the tectogrammatical layer is the annotation of sentence information structure, multiword expressions, coreference, bridging relations and discourse relations.
The Prague Dependency Treebank of Spoken Czech 2.0 (PDTSC 2.0) is a corpus of spoken language, consisting of 742,316 tokens and 73,835 sentences, representing 7,324 minutes (over 120 hours) of spontaneous dialogs. The dialogs have been recorded, transcribed and edited in several interlinked layers: audio recordings, automatic and manual transcripts and manually reconstructed text. These layers were part of the first version of the corpus (PDTSC 1.0). Version 2.0 is extended by an automatic dependency parser at the analytical and by the manual annotation of “deep” syntax at the tectogrammatical layer, which contains semantic roles and relations as well as annotation of coreference.
Universal Dependencies is a project that seeks to develop cross-linguistically consistent treebank annotation for many languages, with the goal of facilitating multilingual parser development, cross-lingual learning, and parsing research from a language typology perspective. The annotation scheme is based on (universal) Stanford dependencies (de Marneffe et al., 2006, 2008, 2014), Google universal part-of-speech tags (Petrov et al., 2012), and the Interset interlingua for morphosyntactic tagsets (Zeman, 2008).
This release contains the test data used in the CoNLL 2017 shared task on parsing Universal Dependencies. Due to the shared task the test data was held hidden and not released together with the training and development data of UD 2.0. Therefore this release complements the UD 2.0 release (http://hdl.handle.net/11234/1-1983) to a full release of UD treebanks. In addition, the present release contains 18 new parallel test sets and 4 test sets in surprise languages. The present release also includes the development data already released with UD 2.0. Unlike regular UD releases, this one uses the folder-file structure that was visible to the systems participating in the shared task.
Universal Dependencies is a project that seeks to develop cross-linguistically consistent treebank annotation for many languages, with the goal of facilitating multilingual parser development, cross-lingual learning, and parsing research from a language typology perspective. The annotation scheme is based on (universal) Stanford dependencies (de Marneffe et al., 2006, 2008, 2014), Google universal part-of-speech tags (Petrov et al., 2012), and the Interset interlingua for morphosyntactic tagsets (Zeman, 2008).