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Start Over Creator Novotná, Martina Date Unknown

2. Pattern of money allocation in experimental games supports the stress hypothesis of gender differences in Toxoplasma gondii-induced behavioural changes

Creator:
Lindová, Jitka, Kuběna, Aleš A., Šturcová, Hana, Křivohlavá, Romana, Novotná, Martina, Rubešová, Anna, Havlíček, Jan, Kodym, Petr, and Flegr, Jaroslav
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Toxoplasma, stress hypothesis, experimental games, coping, and gender differences
Language:
English
Description:
Latent toxoplasmosis has been previously found to cause behavioural and personality changes in humans, which are specific for each gender. Here we tested the stress hypothesis of these gender differences based on the assumption that latent toxoplasmosis causes long-term subliminal stress. In line with this hypothesis, the gender difference will appear specifically in situations with interpersonal context because in contrast to the typical individualistic coping style of men, women have a tendency to express elevated prosocial behaviour under stress. Altogether 295 biology students (29/191 females and 27/104 males infected by T. gondii) played a modified version of the Dictator Game and the Trust Game. As predicted, a gender difference in the effect of latent toxoplasmosis was found for the measure of reciprocal altruism in the Trust Game (p=0.016), but both genders appeared less generous when infected in the Dictator Game modified to minimize social connotation (p=0.048).
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

3. The influence of RhD phenotype on toxoplasmosis- and age-associated changes in personality profile of blood donors

Creator:
Flegr, Jaroslav, Novotná, Martina, Fialová, Anna, Kolbeková, Petra, and Gašová, Zdeňka
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
parasite, manipulation, personality, blood group, Rh factor, Cattell 16PF, Cloninger TCI, Rhesus factor, aging, and senescence
Language:
English
Description:
Toxoplasma gondii, a parasite infecting 20-60% of humans in various countries, influences the behaviour of infected animal and human hosts. Infected human subjects have changes in several of Cattell's and Cloninger's personality factors. Recently, three independent studies have shown that Rh-positive subjects are protected against the T. gondii-induced changes of reaction times and increased risk of traffic accidents. Here we searched for evidence of similar effects of RhD phenotype on toxoplasmosis- or aging-associated changes in the personality profile of about 302 blood donors. We found that Rh-positive and Rh-negative subjects responded differently to toxoplasmosis. In addition to the already known effects of toxoplasmosis on novelty seeking, self transcendence, superego strength and protension, we also found effects of RhD phenotype on ego strength, protension, and praxernia, as well as opposite effects of toxoplasmosis on ego strength, praxernia, ergic tension and cooperativeness in Rh-positive and Rh-negative subjects. Moreover, our results indicate that RhD phenotype might influence not only the effect of toxoplasmosis but also the effect of aging on specific personality traits.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public