INTRODUCTION: Cellulitis remains a very serious disease even today. Mortality, which varied between 10-40%, has been reduced owing to the standard securing of airway patency and use of an appropriate surgical treatment approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 195 patients were hospitalised for cellulitis at the University Hospital in Hradec Králové during 2007-2011. The following parameters were evaluated: age, gender, dependence of incidence of the disease on the season of the year, frequency of attacks of the particular areas and their clinical characteristics, aetiology of the inflammation, types of patient complaints, prevalence of current systemic diseases, results of microbiological and selected laboratory analyses, socio-economic status of the patients, and duration of patient stay at the hospital. Statistical analysis was performed by using Pearson's correlation coefficient, the statistical significance level was p < 0.05. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 39.8 years. The group of 195 patients included 108 (55%) males and 87 (45%) females. The mean time between the first symptoms of the disease and admission to the Department was 5 days. From among the 195 patients, 116 (59.5%) were working persons, 79 (40.5%) were non-working (children, students, unemployed persons, women on maternity leave, retired people). The odontogenic origin of the disease was verified in 173 (88.7%) patients. In total, 65 (33.3%) patients had no coinciding complicating systemic disease, 22 (11.3%) patients had diabetes mellitus. The most frequent symptom of cellulitis was painful swelling, found in 194 (99.5%) patients, followed by jaw contracture, found in 153 (78.5%) patients. CONCLUSION: The results are largely very similar to those of previous studies performed in other countries, except that we found no correlation between the prevalence of cellulitis and the socio-economic status, nor have we confirmed Klebsiella pneumoniae sp. as the cause of cellulitis in patients with diabetes mellitus. and H. Doležalová, J. Zemek, L. Tuček
Autoři referují o vzácném případu traumatické totální avulze očního bulbu s optickým nervem v úrovni chiazmatu. Kazuistické sdělení retrospektivně popisuje průběh ročního sledování mladé ženy, která byla zraněna při hasičských závodech. Avulze bulbu a optiku, kombinovaná s poraněním chiazmatu, rezultovala v hemianopický defekt druhostranného zorného pole. Při traumatu vzniklo subarachnoidální krvácení do oblasti cisteren chiazmatu, jež spontánně ustoupilo. Nedošlo k rozvoji vaskulárních spazmů mozku. Celková kortikoterapie a neuroprotekce neměla vliv na průběh onemocnění. Během sledovací doby objektivně došlo k descendentní atrofii korespondujících axonů a retinálních gangliových buněk. V současné době neexistuje efektivní terapie poranění v oblasti chiazmatu., The authors report a rare case of complete traumatic avulsion of the eyeball with the optic nerve at the level of chiasm. The case report retrospectively describes a year-long monitoring of a young woman who was injured in fire-fighter races. Avulsion of the globe and optic nerve combined with injured chiasm resulted in contralateral hemianopic visual field defect. The trauma led to subarachnoid hemorrhage in cisterns of chiasm, which spontaneously resolved. There was no development of vascular spasms in the brain. Systemic corticosteroid therapy and neuroprotection did not affect the course of the disease. During the observation period, descending atrophy of the corresponding axons and retinal ganglion cells developed. There is currently no effective therapy of chiasm injuries., and L. Hejsek, V. Kaňa, P. Rozsíval, J. Dusová, A. Stepanov, P. Trávníček, L. Tuček