The article first outlines the three major phases of Islamization of Bengal, focusing particulary on the phase of mass Islamization of rural native population, which was characterized by strong tendencies to syncretism with local religious traditions. This syncretistic environment is then described in more detail with special emphasis on the Naths, Vaisnava Sahajiya, and their generally Tantric-yogicbackground. The literature that emerged from this environment is further introduced as a vehicle of mediation between the Perso-Arabic Islamic tradition and Bengalic cultural milieu. As this milieu was conspicuously Tantric in character, the article pays special attention to esoteric Islamic texts, which reveal considerable popularity of various Tantric-yogic notions and bodily techniques among Bengali Muslims., Kristýna Himmerová., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The article deals with both achaelogical research of the Tall Hisban (northern Jordan) and archaelogists. Concerning the archaelogy it seems that presence of biblical Israelites of late bronze/early iron time is possible despite negative official statement issued in 1976. The negative statement might result from local unfavourable political conditions for research and tight relation between Syria and Israel caused by unsuitable interpretation of biblical names found on cuneiform tablets at Ebla at the time. Looking for all related to Israelites till now do not pertain to proper behaviour in Jordan as well., Pavel Mrázek., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Bei der Analyse von zwei Gräbern, die in die späthallstättische und an das Ende der frühlatènezeitlichen Periode datiert wurden und der Beigaben, die im nordöstlichen Böhmen ungewöhnlich (im ersten Grab einer für Böhmen exotischen Fusszierfibel, im zweiten Grab eines deformierten Schwertes der Stufe LT A) sind, wird die Problematik des damaligen Kommunikationsweges, der in historischer Zeit als sog. polnischer Weg bekannt ist, behandelt. Er verband zum Ende der älteren und zum Beginn der jüngeren Eisenzeit nicht nur den mittleren und nordöstlichen Teil des Landes, sondern war auch ein Bestandteil des gesamten Kommunikationssystems, das Südeuropa mit dem europäischen Norden verband, vielleicht als ein Zweig der sog. Bernsteinstrasse. and TWO HA D3 AND LT A CREMATION BURIALS FROM LOCHENICE (HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ DISTRICT). Through the analysis of two burials, one dated to the Late Hallstatt and the other to the close of the Early Tène periods – both of which contained inventories unusual for North–East Bohemia (a fibula in one grave, and the other a deformed LT A sword) – problems associated with the lines of contemporary communication are considered. These linked not only the central and north–eastern regions of this country, but were also part of an overall system of communications that linked southern to northern Europe, perhaps as a branch of the so–called „Amber Route“.