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2. Application of satellite radar interferometry (PSInSAR) in analysis of secondary surface deformations in mining areas: case studies from Czech republic and Poland
- Creator:
- Blachowski, Jan, Eva Jiránková, Lazecký, Milan, Kadlečík, Pavel, and Milczarek, Wojciech
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- geodynamika, geomechanika, geofyzika, geologie, těžba uhlí, geodynamics, geomechanics, geophysics, geology, coal mining, interferometrie, interferometry, Česko, Polsko, Poland, Czechia, satellite radar interferometry, subsidence, uplift, 7, and 551
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Secondary deformations are ground movements occurring in areas of ceased underground mining. These are associated with delayed readjustment of rock mass resulting in subsidence, discontinuous deformations (sinks, cracks, etc.) due to destruction of underground, usually shallow, workings, and elevation of ground surface in response of rock mass to rising groundwater levels following the end of mine water drainage. Comparative analysis of secondary deformations in two former mining areas in the first period after cessation of underground hard coal mining is the subject of this study. We used ERS-1/2 and Envisat satellite radar interferometry data processed with PSInSAR technique and GIS to map vertical (in satellite’s line of sight, LOS) movements of the surface and analyse them in relation to location of coal fields and underground water table rise. In the study, two areas have been compared, the Ostrava city in the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Basin and the Wałbrzych Coal Basin in Poland. The results of analyses based on the results of PSInSAR processing between 1995 and 2000 for the Wałbrzych site indicate uplift (up to +12 mm/year) in closed parts of coal fields and subsidence (up to -8 mm/year) in areas of declining mining. Results of PSInSAR analysis over the Ostrava site indicate decaying subsidence after mine closures in the rate of up to -6 mm/year during 1995-2000. Residual subsidence and gentle uplift have been partly identified at surroundings of closed mines in Ostrava from 2003-2010 Envisat data. In Wałbrzych gentle elevation has been determined from 2002 to 2009 in areas previously subsiding. and Blachowski Jan, Jiránková Eva, Lazecký Milan, Kadlečík Pavel, Milczarek Wojciech.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3. Comparison of vertical deformation of the Earth's surface obtained using grace-based GGMS and GNSS data: a case study of South-Eastern Poland
- Creator:
- Godah, Walyeldeen, Szelachowska, Malgorzata, Ray, Jagat Dwipendra, and Krynski, Jan
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- geodynamika, geodynamics, Polsko, Poland, GNSS, GRACE, vertical deformation, temporal variations of equivalent water thickness, 7, and 551
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The development of knowledge on geodynamic processes is one of the most important issues in the Earth’s science. Over decades, geodetic techniques have been applied to study the geodynamics. The Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have been reliably used for monitoring geodynamic processes. The satellite gravimetric missions such as GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) and GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) missions have provided numerous valuable information concerning temporal mass variations within the Earth system which can subsequently be converted to surface deformations of the Earth. The main aim of this study is to compare vertical deformations of the Earth's surface over the area of SouthEastern Poland obtained from GNSS data with the corresponding ones determined from GRACE data. The GNSS data for the period between 2008 and 2013 from 25 permanent GNSS stations operating in South-Eastern Poland and the latest release of GRACE-based Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) were used. GNSS data and GRACE-based GGMs were processed with the GAMIT/GLOBK and the IGiK‒TVGMF (Institute of Geodesy and Cartography - Temporal Variations of Gravity/Mass Functionals) packages, respectively. The results obtained indicate that monthly vertical deformations of the Earth’s surface determined using GNSS data are generally in a good agreement with the corresponding ones obtained from GRACE satellite mission data. Coefficients of correlation between these vertical deformations range from 0.60 to 0.90 and standard deviations of their differences are in the range of 2.6 - 5.7 mm., Walyeldeen Godah, Malgorzata Szelachowska, Jagat Dwipendra Ray and Jan Krynski., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
4. Downhole microseismic monitoring of shale deposits: case study from Northern Poland
- Creator:
- Święch, Eryk, Wandycz, Paweł, Leo Eisner, Pasternacki, Andrzej, and Maćkowski, Tomasz
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Geologie. Meteorologie. Klimatologie, ložiska břidlice, seizmicita, slate deposits, seismicity, Polsko, Poland, Polish shale gas, downhole microseismic processing, anisotropy, microseismic events, 7, and 551
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Microseismic monitoring has become a standard technique to map the development of hydraulic fracturing. This study is a case study of a downhole monitoring of the hydraulic fracturing in a lateral well in Northern Poland. The downhole monitoring array detected a large number of microseismic events indicating successful development of a hydraulic fracture. We show evidence that some stages interacted with the pre-existing natural fault system also mapped from surface active seismic imaging. The mapped hydraulic fracture shows a slight asymme try of the developed hydraulic fractures. We show that the observed microseismicity is cons istent with microseismicity usually observed in the North American shale gas stimulations., Eryk Święch, Paweł Wandycz, Leo Eisner, Andrzej Pasternacki and Tomasz Maćkowski., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
5. Neotectonic activity interpreted from a long water-tube tiltmeter record at the SRC geodynamic laboratory in Książ, Central Sudetes, SW Poland
- Creator:
- Kaczorowski, Marek and Wojewoda, Jurand
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Geologie. Meteorologie. Klimatologie, tektonika, geotectonics, Polsko, Poland, bedrock, fault blocks, neotectonics, non-tidal signals, water-tube tiltmeter, signal filtering, 7, and 551
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- a1_A water-tube tiltmeter system composed of two perpendicular tubes was installed in the underground galleries of the Geodynamic Laboratory in the Książ Castle, Central Sudetes, in 2003. The partially filled water tubes are several tens of metres in length and have high-precision interferometric recording gauges at their ends. The recording gauges continuously measure water level changes in the tubes with single-nanometer accuracy which corresponds to 0.005 milliseconds of arc of plumb line variations. The tiltmeter has recorded several events of water level variations, with a magnitude of a few hundred micrometers and a duration of tens of days. The strongest water level variations were one order greater than variations caused by tidal phenomena and occurred in different months of a year, and hence are expected to have no seasonal origin. Because of the extremely large magnitude of the phenomenon and because time of duration of signals showed no seasonal characteristics, all external sources outside the bedrock space occupied by the instrument can also readily be precluded. Each of the recorded strong signals of water level variations consists of a symmetrical and an asymmetrical component. Because of the proportion of the water system to the large-scale geodynamic sources producing water level changes, all the external geodynamic reasons can generate only symmetrical signals in the tubes. The evidence indicates episodic tilting of the instrument itself or vertical displacements of any part of the tubes, which supports the notion of active bedrock deformation. The combination of symmetrical and asymmetrical signals implies that their source is within the bedrock space in which the instrument is embedded. The events of large water level variations can be explained by non-flat relative vertical displacement of the opposite ends of the tiltmeter tubes., a2_Asymmetrical signals are particularly pronounced in the tube named 03-04, and their magnitude suggests vertical displacement of part of the tube of the order of hundreds of micrometres. The repeatability, temporal irregularity, considerable duration time and high magnitude of the strong signals lead us to attribute them to the tilting of tiltmeter bedrock due to contemporary tectonic movements of the Książ Massif. The Książ Massif consists of a rigid rock mass of Famennian−Tournaisian conglomerates cut by several large and small faults. Rock compaction can be precluded. The massif is a prominent bedrock spur carved by a deeply incised river, and its geomorphic development seems to be related to major faults. Preliminary geological study has recognized strike-slip faults, thrusts and extensional fracture zones, some with an indication of recent activity. A few minor faults cross the bedrock under the tiltmeter geodynamic system. The tiltmeter is thus likely to be recording local signals of neotectonic activity., Marek Kaczorowski and Jurand Wojewoda., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public