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33943. Unusual social calls of Nathusius´ pipistrelle (Vespertilionidae, Chiroptera) recorded outside the mating season

Creator:
Jahelková, Helena
Type:
article and TEXT
Subject:
Pipistrellus nathusii, vocalization, and modified calls
Language:
English
Description:
The advertisement calls of Nathusius’ pipistrelle (Pipistrellus nathusii) show an unified structure: three main motifs which can be supplemented with additional two motifs especially during mating season. In May and June, a continuous social vocalization of quite unusual structure and composition was recorded apart from these standard calls. Most of these calls were designed in a long “wavy line” pattern with the peak frequency of 14–36 kHz, and were accompanied by standard or modified echolocation calls. In one case we succeeded to supplement the acoustic records with a complete record of behavioural details: two bats slowly flew and followed one another in a circular path in front of the roost, where they repeatedly performed false landings, and during approaching one of them emitted the unusual social calls. This behaviour lasted for about 40% of the whole-night activity. The possible meaning is discussed.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

33944. Unwanted Silesia: Czech ''Silesian Identity'' in postwar Czechoslovakia (1945-1969)

Creator:
Knapík, Jiří and Jirásek, Zdeněk
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
historiography, North Moravian region, Silesia, and Petr Bezruč
Language:
English
Description:
The Czech ''Silesian identity'', obvious throughout the twentieth century, was based on a mixture of strong regional, even local, patriotism, which was determined by historical developments. This patriotism developed on the ethnically mixed territory of Czech Silesia (formerly Austrian Silesia). After the Second World War, this phenomenon was quickly revived, but unlike in the pre-war period, it took a clearly Czech national form. The territorial factor, by contrast, receded into the background. Behind this activity and new interpretation stood intellectual circles and institutions in Opava, some leading fi gures from Ostrava, and the Silesian Cultural Institute in Prague. In addition to cultural-educational activity, their efforts were concentratedon claiming some border areas of Polish and German Silesia as being historically Czech, and also on ensuring the distinctive administrative status of the territory of Silesia in Czechoslovakia, the seed of which they saw in the Ostrava branch of the Moravian National Committee (Zemský národní výbor) in Brno. During the Communist regime, according to the authors, the top state authorities showed an intentional lack of interest in the problems of Silesia when solving related economic and other questions. A consequence of this was a ''silencing of the offi cial sources'' about Silesia. In the 1950s, the ''Silesian-ness'' was condemned as a form of ''bourgeois nationalism'' and was identifi ed with the period of Czech-Polish national friction in the region. From the administrative point of view, Silesia was dissolved in the Ostrava area, later in the North Moravian Region, and was recalled practically only by artistic expressions of an ''Old Silesian-ness'', such as folklore and museum exhibitions. Silesian organizations and societies were, with few exceptions, dissolved or renamed and the newly established Silesian Research Institute in Opava had to orient its historical research chiefl y to the labour movement. The works of the poet Petr Bezruč (born Vladimír Vašek, 1867-1958) and his collection of verses, Slezské písně (Silesian Songs), presented a problem because of their questionable depiction of Silesian identity, and the publication of the complete collection led to disputes in cultural policy. The Ostrava-based arts and politics periodical Červený květ (Red Flower), which repeatedly included debates about regionalism, began to be published in the mid-1950s. At the end of the decade, however, the Communist Party launched a campaign against parochialism (lokálpatriotismus), which was refl ected also in the condemnation of publications seeking to exonerate the poems and ideas of Óndra Łysohorsky (born Ervín Goj, 1905-1989), who during the war promoted the theory of a ''Lach nation.'' In the 1960s, the local authorities and fi gures of Opava again began to emphasize the role of their town as a regional centre. During the Prague Spring of 1968, there were calls for the restoration of Silesian self-government, but that remained more or less limited to the Opava region, and consequently some ''Silesian'' cultural initiatives from this period were of greater importance.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

33945. Up-regulation of cyclic electron flow and down-regulation of linear electron flow in antisense-rca mutant rice

Creator:
Jin, S.-H., Wang, D., Zhu, F.-Y., Li, X.-Q., Sun, J.-W., and Jiang, D. A.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
chlorophyll fluorescence, CO2 assimilation rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, post-irradiation transient increase in chlorophyll fluorescence, and P700+ re-reduction
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
To investigate how excess excitation energy is dissipated in a ribulose-1,5-bisphospate carboxylase/oxygenase activase antisense transgenic rice with net photosynthetic rate (PN) half of that of wild type parent, we measured the response curve of PN to intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), electron transport rate (ETR), quantum yield of open photosystem 2 (PS2) reaction centres under irradiation (Fv'/Fm'), efficiency of total PS2 centres (ΦPS2), photochemical (qP) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), post-irradiation transient increase in chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence (PITICF), and P700+ re-reduction. Carboxylation efficiency dependence on Ci, ETR at saturation irradiance, and Fv'/Fm', ΦPS2, and qP under the irradiation were significantly lower in the mutant. However, NPQ, energy-dependent quenching (qE), PITICF, and P700+ re-reduction were significantly higher in the mutant. Hence the mutant down-regulates linear ETR and stimulates cyclic electron flow around PS1, which may generate the ΔpH to support NPQ and qE for dissipation of excess excitation energy. and S.-H. Jin ... [et al.].
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

33947. Update on the role of spinal cord TRPV1 receptors in pain modulation

Creator:
Spicarova, D., Nerandzic, V., and Jiří Paleček
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, mícha, spinal cord, hyperalgesia, capsaicin, TRPV1, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The structure, expression and function of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor were intensively studied since the cloning in 1997 and TRPV1 receptors are now considered to act as transducers and molecular integrators of nociceptive stimuli in the periphery. In contrast, spinal TRPV1 receptors were studied less extensively and their role in pain modulation is still not fully understood. This short review is a follow up on our previous summary in this area ( Spicarova and Palecek 2008). The aim was to review preferentially the most recent findings concerning the role of the spinal TRPV1 receptors, published within the last five years. The update is given on the expression and function of the spinal TRPV1 receptors, their activation by endogenous agonists, interaction between the endocannabinoid and endovanillod system and possible role of the spinal TRPV1 receptors in pathological pain states. There is now mounting evidence that TRPV1 receptors may be an important element in modulation of nociceptive information at the spinal cord level and represent an interesting target for analgesic therapy., D. Spicarova, V. Nerandzic, J. Palecek., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

33948. Updating the occurrence of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in the genus Clusia through carbon isotope analysis of species from Colombia

Creator:
Pachon, P., Winter, K., and Lasso, E.
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
C3 photosynthesis, CAM photosynthesis, carbon isotope discrimination, epiphytes, hemiepiphytes, and δ13C
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Clusia is a widely distributed neotropical genus with 321 currently described species. This remarkable genus is the only one known to contain trees sensu stricto with CAM photosynthesis. To survey the occurrence of CAM in Clusia species from Colombia, we determined the leaf stable carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of 568 specimens from 114 species deposited in 12 Colombian herbaria. In the vast majority of specimens, δ13C values indicated that C3 photosynthesis was the principal contributor to carbon gain. δ13C values typical of strong CAM (less negative than -20‰) were observed in only five species, in four of them for the first time. All samples with CAM-type isotopic signatures were collected below 1,000 m a.s.l., whereas species with predominantly C3 occurred from sea level to 3,500 m a.s.l. Together with information already available in the literature, we conclude that CAM is present in 22% (35/156) of the species of Clusia investigated thus far.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

33950. Uplatnění polarografie ve fyzikálněchemickém výzkumu

Creator:
Pospíšil, Lubomír
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Heyrovský, Jaroslav, 1890-1967, 20. století, polarografie, fyzici, chemici, physicists, chemists, Česko, Czechia, čeští fyzici, čeští chemici, 10, and 544
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
Polarografická metoda umožňuje studium řady fyzikálněchemických problémů. Jsou uvedeny příklady z oblasti výzkumu struktury fázového rozhraní elektroda/roztok, adsorpce na povrchu elektrody, elektrochemického fotoefektu, fázových přechodů povrchových filmů, přenosu elektronu na molekulární vzdálenosti a oscilačních elektrochemických systémů., Polarography is a suitable method for solving numerous problems of physical chemistry. Examples from the following fields are given: structure of electrode/solution interfaces, adsorption on electrode surface, electrochemical photo-effect, phase transition of surface films, electron transfer over molecular distances, and electrochemical oscillating systems., Lubomír Pospíšil., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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