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39212. Trurlia, a new Oriental genus of the tribe Cephenniini (Coleoptera: Scydmaenidae)
- Creator:
- Jałloszyński , Paweł
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Coleoptera, Scydmaenidae, Cephenniini, Trurlia, new genus, Trurlia insana, new species, Oriental, Sumatra, Indonesia, Malaysia, taxonomy, and morphology
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- A new genus, Trurlia Jałoszyński, in the tribe Cephenniini (Scydmaenidae: Scydmaeninae) is described. The type species is T. insana sp. n. from Sumatra; females of an undescribed species are also reported to occur in W Malaysia. Trurlia most closely resembles Cephennomicrus Reitter, but it is the first genus of the Scydmaenidae with entirely fused antennomeres 10 and 11, forming a large, oval, abruptly separated club. Based on a disarticulated female of Trurlia sp., the detailed morphology of the new genus is described and illustrated, and possible relationships with other genera of the tribe are discussed. Comments on evolution, polarity of characters and feeding strategy of the Cephenniini are included.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
39213. Truths, facts, and liars
- Creator:
- Marton, Peter
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Chuch-Fitch paradox, knowability, Liar Paradox, meaning, moderate anti-realism, and truth
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- A Moderate Anti-realist (MAR) approach to truth and meaning, built around the concept of knowability, will be introduced and argued for in this essay. Our starting point will be the two fundamental anti-realists principles that claim that neither truth nor meaning can outstrip knowability and our focus will be on the challenge of adequately formalizing these principles and incorporating them into a formal theory. Accordingly, I will introduce a MAR truth operator that is built on a distinction between being true and being factual. I will show then that this approach partitions propositions into eight classes, on the basis of their knowability. We will then ask the following question: Given the anti-realist principles, what kind of theory of propositional meaning can properly explain the meaninglessness of fully unknowable propositions? This question will lead us to the claim that the meaning/content of propositions should be identified not with the set of possible worlds in which the propositions are true/factual, but rather in which they are known. This modified approach will then be used to analyze both the Liar Paradox and the Strengthened Liar. To anticipate the conclusion of this essay, it will be shown that a MAR framework can render definite truth and factuality values to the Liar sentence and it will also confirm our intuition that such paradoxical sentences are devoid of proper meaning. and Moderní antirealistní (MAR) přístup k pravdě a významu, postavený na konceptu znalosti , bude představen a projednáván v této eseji. Naším výchozím bodem budou dvě základní principy antirealistů, které tvrdí, že ani pravda, ani význam nemohou překonat znalost a naše zaměření bude na výzvu adekvátně formalizovat tyto zásady a začlenit je do formální teorie. Proto zavedu operátor MAR pravdy, který je postavený na rozdílu mezi skutečností a skutečností. Ukážeme tedy, že tento přístup rozděluje návrhy do osmi tříd na základě jejich znalosti. Potom budeme klást následující otázku: Vzhledem k antirealistickým principům, jaká teorie proposativálního významu může správně vysvětlitnesmyslnost z plně nepoznatelných výroků? Tato otázka nás vede k tvrzení, že smysl / obsah tvrzení by neměl být identifikován se souborem možných světů, ve kterých jsou tvrzení pravdivá / věcná , ale spíše ve kterých jsou známé . Tento modifikovaný přístup pak bude použit pro analýzu jak Liar Paradoxu, tak Posíleného Lháře . Předvídat závěr této eseje, bude ukázáno, že rámec MAR může poskytnout definitivní pravdivost a faktografické hodnoty věrnosti Liar a také potvrdí naši intuici, že takové paradoxní věty nemají správný význam.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
39214. Trutnov v listinách zderazského kláštera
- Creator:
- Bock, Jiří
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Trutnov, středověk, město, církev, farní správa, patronátní právo, klášter, Middle Ages, town, Church, parish administration, patronal right, and monastery
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Cílem příspěvku je prokázání nesprávného vysvětlení počátků Trutnova, které bylo v minulém roce podáno v Archeologických rozhledech v článku „Nad počátky Trutnova a jeho pivovarnictví“. Spor o patronátní právo ke kostelu ve Starém Trutnově mezi panovníkem a zderazským klášterem, který se odehrál v letech 1358–1360, je klíčem k pochopení písemností, kterými klášter hájil svá práva. Rozbor jejich obsahu dává možnost zpětně rekonstruovat vývoj církevní správy na Trutnovsku a s ní i objasnit počátky staré Úpy a založení Nového Trutnova. and The aim of the work is to demonstrate the inaccuracy of the explanation regarding the beginnings of Trutnov presented last year in Archeologické rozhledy. The dispute over the patronal right to the church in Old Trutnov between the king and the Zderaz monastery in 1358–1360 is the key to understanding the documents with which the monastery defended its rights. An analysis of the documents enables a reconstruction of the development of Church administration in the Trutnov region and helps clarify the beginnings of the town of Trutnov itself.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
39215. Trypanorhynch cestodes (Eutetrarhynchidae) from batoids along the coast of Argentina, including the description of new species in Dollfusiella Campbell et Beveridge, 1994 and Mecistobothrium Heinz et Dailey, 1974
- Creator:
- Menoret, Adriana and Ivanov, Verónica A
- Format:
- electronic, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- parazitologie, parasitology, Dollfusiella acuta sp. n., Mecistobothrium oblongum sp. n., Myliobatis, Atlantoraja, Sympterygia, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- a1_During a recent parasitological survey of elasmobranchs along the coast of Argentina, two new species of eutetrarhynchid cestodes of the genera Dollfusiella Campbell et Beveridge, 1994 and Mecistobothrium Heinz et Dailey, 1974 were collected from batoids. Dollfusiella acuta sp. n. was found in four arhynchobatid skates, i.e. Sympterygia acuta Garman (type host), Sympterygia bonapartii Müller et Henle, Atlantoraja castelnaui (Miranda Ribeiro) and Atlantoraja platana (Günther), and Mecistobothrium oblongum sp. n. in the eagle ray Myliobatis goodei Garman. Dollfusiella acuta sp. n. has a tentacular armature consisting of basal rows of uncinate hooks, a distinct basal swelling with uncinate, falcate and bill hooks, and a heteroacanthous metabasal armature with heteromorphous hooks (bothrial uncinate hooks and antibothrial falcate hooks), hooks 1(1') not separated, testes in two columns and an internal seminal vesicle. The tentacular armature of M. oblongum sp. n. is characterised by basal rows of uncinate hooks, a basal swelling with uncinate and falcate hooks, a typical heteroacanthous metabasal armature with heteromorphous hooks (uncinate and falcate to spiniform), and hooks 1(1') separated and of a constant size along the tentacle. It also possesses an elongate scolex, numerous testes arranged in 5-6 irregular columns, and an internal seminal vesicle. The discovery of M. oblongum in M. goodei represents the first record of species of Mecistobothrium in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. An amended description of Dollfusiella cortezensis (Friggens et Duszynski, 2005) is also provided to clarify details of the scolex and tentacular armature. Members of Dollfusiella in the southwestern Atlantic are specific to a single host species or to a particular host family, while M. oblongum was found in a single host species., a2_Although globally some plerocerci of eutetrarhynchids have been found in teleosts, extensive examination of teleosts off the coast of Argentina suggests that the transmission pathways of these species are exclusively based on invertebrates as intermediate or paratenic hosts., Adriana Menoret, Verónica A. Ivanov., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
39216. Trypsin-like activity of membrane-bound midgut proteases from Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
- Creator:
- Xavier, Luciana Pereira, Oliveira, Maria Goreti Almeida, Guedes, Raul Narciso Carvalho , Santos, Agenor Valadares , and de Simones, Salvatore Giovanni
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Trypsin, proteases, velvetbean caterpillar, Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, and Anticarsia
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Membrane-bound proteases from preparations of the midgut of 5th instar velvetbean caterpillars, Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) were obtained by resuspension of the pellet obtained after 100,000 g centrifugation. As expected of trypsin-like proteases, they hydrolyzed casein and the synthetic substrates N-α-benzoyl-L-Arg-p-nitroanilidine (L-BApNA) and N-α-p-tosyl-L-Arg methyl ester (L-TAME). Higher activities were observed at 50°C, and at pH 8.5 and 8.0 for both synthetic substrates L-BApNA and L-TAME. The membrane-bound proteases were inhibited by EDTA, phenylmethan sulphonyl fluoride (PMSF), tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK), benzamidine and aprotinin. TLCK and benzamidine were particularly active inhibitors. The KM-values obtained were 0.23 mM for L-BApNA and 92.5 µM for L-TAME. These results provide evidence for the presence of membrane-bound trypsin-like proteases in the midgut of the velvetbean caterpillar, a key soybean pest in warm climates. The interaction between A. gemmatalis digestive proteases and soybean protease inhibitors has potentially important consequences for soybean breeding programs.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
39217. Tržně orientované vzdělávání je kontraproduktivní
- Creator:
- Adámková, Gabriela
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, akademie věd, academies of science, 12, and 00
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The Institute of Philosophy of ASCR on November 26-27, 2012 hosted two lectures by Howard Hotson, professor of early modern intellectual history at the University of Oxford and steering committee chair of the Council for the Defence of British Universities. In his lecture Networking the Republic of Letters: an Introduction to Early Modern Letters Online Professor Hotson introduced his project on which he cooperates with scientists at the Institute of Philosophy of ASCR. In his lecture, Understanding the Global University Crisis: The Marketisation of English Higher Education in International Perspective, he criticizes the British government reforms of higher education. and Gabriela Adámková.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
39218. TSG-6 induces apoptosis of human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts via activation of theFas/FasL signalling pathway
- Creator:
- Li, X.-Y., Li, T., Li, X.-J., Wang, J.-N., and Chen, Z.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- TSG-6, hypertrophic scar fibroblast, apoptosis, and Fas/FasL
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Tumour necrosis factor-stimulated gene 6 (TSG6) is a protective inflammatory reaction gene which is upregulated by inflammatory processes. Recent studies suggest that TSG-6 exhibits anti-scar-ring effects. However, the mechanism of TSG-6 action in the scar formation remains poorly understood. We investigated whether TSG-6 affects growth of the human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) via Fas/FasL signalling pathway. Cultured HSFs were transfected with a vector carrying the TSG6gene (pLVX-Puro-TSG-6) or with a vector not containing the TSG6 gene (pLVX-Puro). Untransfected HSFs served as a control group to both transfected HSFs. The expressions level of TSG-6 was up-regulated in the pLVX-Puro-TSG-6 group at the protein and mRNA level. MTT and flow cytometry were used to assess the effect of TSG-6 on the growth and apoptotic status of HSFs. Finally, qRT-PCR and western blot were used to measure the expression levels of Fas, FasL, FADD, caspase-3 and caspase-8 in each group. The apoptosis rate was significantly enhanced and the growth rate reduced in the HSFs transfected with the TSG6 gene vector. The expression levels of Fas, FasL, FADD, caspase-3 and caspase-8 were significantly raised in the TSG-6 overexpressing HSFs. It is concluded that increased expression of TSG-6 may induce apoptosis of human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts via activation of the Fas/FasL signalling pathway. and Corresponding author: Xiao-Jing Li
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
39219. Tube-MPC for a class of uncertain continuous nonlinear systems with application to surge problem
- Creator:
- Ziabari, Masoud Taleb, Jahed-Motlagh, Mohammad Reza, Salahshoor, Karim, Ramezani, Amin, and Moarefianpour, Ali
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- robust control, adaptive control, H∞ method, tube-MPC, and surge
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This paper presents a new robust adaptive model predictive control for a special class of continuous-time non-linear systems with uncertainty. These systems have bounded disturbances with unknown upper bound, as well as constraints on input states. An adaptive control is used in the new controller to estimate the system uncertainty. Also, to avoid the system disturbances, a H∞ method is employed to find the appropriate gain in Tube-MPC. Finally, a surge avoidance problem in centrifugal compressors is solved to show the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
39220. Tučňák v opeře aneb turecká karikatura od svých počátků po současnost
- Creator:
- Petra Prahlová
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Dějiny Asie. Orient, konflikty, tučňáci, symboly, conflicts, penguins, symbols, Turecko, Turkey, 8, and 94(5)
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The article summarizes the development of the Turkish political cartoon from Ottoman period and focuses on political cartoons in the satirical magazine Penguen during the venets related to Gezi park in Istanbul this year. The goal of the article is to show the importance of the satirical press in Turkey, its role as a forum for oppositional opinions and as a conveyor of uncensored news. It also tires to answer the question of how much the tense political situation affects political cartoons., Petra Sedmíková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public