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41782. Z produkce vědeckých pracovníků Orientálního ústavu AV ČR
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
41783. Z projevu předsedy AV ČR prof. Václava Pačesa
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
41784. Z prvních polemik o odpustky v roce 1412
- Creator:
- Pavel Soukup
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- d’Alignan, Benoît, mistr, Stanislav ze Znojma, asi 1351-1414, Ondřej z Brodu, asi 1360-1427, XXIII., antipapež, Jan, asi 1370-1419, medievalistika, odpustky, husitství, viklefismus, náboženské polemiky, medievalistics, indulgences, Hussitism, Wycliffism, religious polemics, medieval theology, 8, and 930
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- 1412 saw large-scale protests in Prague against crusading indulgences issued by Pope John XXIII. This study identifies and evaluates some polemical manuscript texts that can be situated within the context of this controversy. It offers a critical edition of the anti-indulgence pamphlet Vobis asmodeistis that was found in a money box at Prague Castle on 20 June 1412. The hitherto unknown polemic Motiva pro defensa prelatorum et indulgenciarum is also edited in the appendix. The statement arguing that prelates should not be criticised by their subjects and misdemeanours be dealt with mercy is followed by a Wycliffite refutation. Two manuscript texts on indulgences which were suspected to be treatises from 1412 by Andrew of Brod and Stanislav of Znojmo respectively are an excerpt from the Tractatus fidei by Benoît d’Alignan, with the second paragraph coming from Stanislav’s later work. In sum, the sources examined in this article show the various ways of how the events of 1412 impacted literary output. and Pavel Soukup.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
41785. Z-distributive function lattices
- Creator:
- Erné, Marcel
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- completely distributive lattice, continuous function, continuous lattice, Scott topology, subset system, Z-continuous, and Z-distributive
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- It is known that for a nonempty topological space X and a nonsingleton complete lattice Y endowed with the Scott topology, the partially ordered set [X, Y ] of all continuous functions from X into Y is a continuous lattice if and only if both Y and the open set lattice OX are continuous lattices. This result extends to certain classes of Z-distributive lattices, where Z is a subset system replacing the system D of all directed subsets (for which the D-distributive complete lattices are just the continuous ones). In particular, it is shown that if [X, Y ] is a complete lattice then it is supercontinuous (i.e. completely distributive) iff both Y and OX are supercontinuous. Moreover, the Scott topology on Y is the only one making that equivalence true for all spaces X with completely distributive topology. On the way to these results, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for [X, Y ] to be complete, and some new, purely topological characterizations of continuous lattices by continuity conditions on their (infinitary) lattice operations.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
41786. Z. Kurnatowska ed.: Mosty traktu gnieźnieńskiego
- Creator:
- Humlová, Barbora
- Type:
- article and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- 83-903072-6-X
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
41787. Z. Půlpán: Odhad informace z dat vágní povahy
- Creator:
- Kebza, V.
- Format:
- Type:
- article, recenze, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Psychologie, psychologie, psychology, 17, and 159.9
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- [V. Kebza,].
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
41788. Z. Všetečková – V. Czumalo – D. Prix: Kostel Nanebevzetí Panny Marie v Holubicích
- Creator:
- Kypta, Jan
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
41789. Z. Vybíral, J. Roubal (Eds.): Současná psychoterapie Praha, Portál 2010, 743 s.
- Creator:
- Šípek, Jiří
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
41790. Za „vysokou ideovou úroveň”, a/nebo za vyšší tržby?
- Creator:
- Skopal, Pavel
- Type:
- article and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Filmová distribuce měla komunistickému režimu v Československu sloužit jako nástroj budování nového typu filmové kultury. Brzký neúspěch tohoto modelu zvýraznil napětí mezi ideologickými požadavky kladenými na kulturní politiku a hospodářskými nároky na filmový průmysl. Distribuci v letech 1948–1968 je tak možné sledovat nejen jako nástroj realizace oficiální stranické ideologie, ale také jako místo střetů rozdílných zájmů, realizovaných pomocí konkrétních distribučních praktik. Autor zkoumá z tohoto úhlu pohledu změny, ke kterým došlo v uvedeném období ve sféře filmové distribuce a uvádění. Již před únorovým převratem se v oblasti distribuce zřetelně projevovala jak orientace na Sovětský svaz uvnitř filmového průmyslu, tak nátlak komunistického stranického aparátu. Léta 1948–1950 byla obdobím nejrazantnějšího pokusu o vybudování nového typu filmové kultury a radikálního přizpůsobení distribuční nabídky tomuto cíli. Neúspěch této snahy, provázený ekonomickými požadavky na Československý státní film, vedl k určité diferenciaci nabídky a také k prvním konfliktům mezi touto společností a státním či stranickým aparátem. V roce 1957 podle autora došlo k výrazné decentralizaci distribuce, současně byl ale konec padesátých let poznamenán utužováním režimu a souběžným omezováním distribuční nabídky. Šedesátá léta se vyznačovala stále zřetelnějším zohledňováním ekonomických kritérií distribuce. Po invazi vojsk Varšavské smlouvy v srpnu 1968 tento proces vyvrcholil. Zároveň nakrátko vzrostl počet uváděných filmů západní produkce i jejich projekcí a diváků, úměrně tomu pokleslo uvádění i zájem o filmy sovětské a dalších socialistických zemí. Obrat tohoto vývoje si vynutila restriktivní kulturní politka v rámci takzvané normalizace. Autor zdůrazňuje, že základní změny ve filmové distribuci po roce 1948 byly sice diktovány především mocenským centrem, jeho ideologické nároky v tomto směru však narážely na hospodářské požadavky a realitu výkonu, což vytvářelo evidentní napětí mezi kulturně-politickými a hospodářskými ohledy a činilo z distribučního sektoru oblast skrytých a někdy i otevřených střetů. and Film distribution in Czechoslovakia under the Communist régime was meant to serve political ends as an instrument in developing a new kind of film culture. The initial failure of this model underscored the tension between the ideological requirements on arts policy and economic demands made on the film industry. Distribution in 1948–68 can therefore usefully be seen not only as an instrument for carrying out the official ideology of the Communist Party, but also as a place where different interests clashed as they were carried out in distribution practices. From this perspective the author considers the changes that took place in the distribution and presentation of films in these years. Even before the February 1948 takeover, an orientation to the USSR within the film industry and pressure from the apparat of the Czechoslovak Communist Party were clearly manifested in film distribution. The years from 1948 to 1950 saw the most striking attempt to create a new type of film culture and radically to force the supply of films to conform to this aim. The failure of these efforts, accompanied by financial demands on the Czechoslovak State Film company (Československý státní film), led to a certain differentiation in what was put on offer and also led to the first conflicts between the company and the apparats of the State and the Party. According to the author, there was a marked decentralization of distribution in 1957, but shortly afterwards the régime became more rigid and the number and kinds of films that were distributed became more limited. In the 1960s economic criteria of distribution were increasingly taken into account. After the Soviet-led occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1968, the process came to a peak. At the same time, the number of Western-made films shown in Czechoslovakia and the number of people going to seem them briefly increased, whereas the number of screenings of Soviet and East bloc films and the size of their audiences declined. The turning-point was caused by restrictions on the arts as part of ‘normalization’ policy (the overall return to hard-line Communism) beginning in 1969. Although fundamental changes in film distribution after 1948 were mostly dictated by the centre of power, its ideological demands in this area ran up against economic demands and the reality of productivity requirements. This created a palpable tension between aspects of arts policy and aspects related to economics, and made the film-distribution sector a sphere of hidden and sometimes even open conflict.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public