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412. Kdož jsú boží bojovníci…
- Creator:
- Evžen Kůs
- Type:
- article, jubilejní články, festschriften, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, Řepa, Pavel, 1943-, zoologie, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Evžen Kůs.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
413. Ke studiu půdní semenné banky
- Creator:
- Kůrová, Jana
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zoologie, botanika, fyziologie rostlin, pěstitelství, životní prostředí, ekologie, botany, plant physiology, horticultural education, environment, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Půdní semenná banka má vliv na složení vegetace na daném stanovišti. Semena různých druhů rostlin jsou velmi variabilní jak svým tvarem, tak velikostí. Tato variabilita výrazně ovlivňuje vznik a vývoj složení půdní semenné banky a tím i životnost semene. Složení půdní semenné banky je často výrazně odlišné od složení vegetace na daném stanovišti, což je nejvíce patrné u lesních biotopů. Ke studiu půdní semenné banky se využívá zejména dvou rozdílných metod - metoda ruční separace semen a kultivační metoda., The soil seed bank influences the composition of vegetation on the site. Seeds of different plant species are highly variable both in shape and size. This variation strongly affects the formation and composition of soil seed bank, as well as seed persistence. Soil seed bank composition often considerably differs from that of the local vegetation, which is most evident in forest habitats. Two different methods - separation and cultivation - are used for research into the soil seed bank., Jana Kůrová., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
414. Key factors affecting the predation risk on insects on leaves in temperate floodplain forest
- Creator:
- Drozdová, Michaela, Šipoš, Jan, and Pavel Drozd
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zoologie, entomologie, Diptera, Calliphoridae, Calliphora vicina, insect predators, living prey, temporal and spatial differences, clumped dispersal of attacks, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The predation on insects on leaves was measured by direct observation using live larvae of Calliphora vicina (Diptera: Calliphoridae) as bait placed on 15 common species of woody plants in a floodplain forest in the temperate region. The predation rate was measured in terms of the proportion of the larvae that were missing or had been attacked after 30 min of exposure on leaves. Despite the fact that the important predators differed during the course of a season, the most frequently recorded predators were birds and ants and less frequently recorded wasps and spiders. Analysis of the pattern in the distribution of the attacks confirmed that it is best described by a negative binomial distribution, which corresponds to a clumped dispersal of predation. Based on the results of the best-fitted generalized additive model, we could not reject an equal probability of attacks on the different species of woody plants. Further, predation at the forest edge was notably higher than in the forest interior. The model also predicted marked variations in the incidence of attacks during the course of a day and a season, with the attacks occurring mainly in three periods during the year and two during the day. In general, the sampling method used could become the standard measure of the risk of insects living on trees being attacked by predators in future studies., Michaela Drozdová, Jan Šipoš, Pavel Drozd., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
415. Kinkela D.: DDT & The american century. Global health, environmental politics, and the pesticide taht changed the world
- Creator:
- Chalupský, J.
- Type:
- article, recenze, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zoologie, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- [autor recenze] J. Chalupský.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
416. Kolísání a změny naší měkkýší fauny během kultivace střední Evropy. 2. Skrytí emigranti a ohled do hlubší minulosti
- Creator:
- Vojen Ložek
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, měkkýši, biologické druhy, fosilie, dějiny, migrace živočichů, molluscs, biological species, fossils, history, animal migration, 594, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Cryptic immigrants are common species incorporated in near-natural biocoenoses that occur only in Holocene, mostly very recent deposits, being absent from older (Pleistocene) formations. This is true of Alinda biplicata, Oxychilus cellarius and other presented species. This also applies to isolated occurrences of Itala ornata or Cochlodina commutata that entered the Bohemian Uplands by aerial dispersal from the south. In the Pleistocene, the very early appearance of some southern species (e.g. Drobacia banatica) from the very be-ginning of the interglacial periods is reminiscent of modern snail invasions. How-ever, the former was initiated by the abrupt increase in temperature and moisture., Vojen Ložek, and 1 barev. fot., 10 čb. fot.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
417. Kreatinkinázový systém v kosterním svalu
- Creator:
- Jitka Žurmanová
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zoologie, molekulární biologie, virologie, imunologie, fyziologie, genetika, antropologie, molecular biology, virology, immunology, physiology, genetics, anthropology, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Následující řádky přinášejí informaci o významném buněčném mechanismu, který pomáhá udržovat energetickou rovnováhu buněk v okamžicích náhlého zvýšení požadavku na dodávku energie. Tento mechanismus také usnadňuje přenos energeticky bohatých substrátů v buněčném prostoru k místům jeho spotřeby a je zvláště rozvinutý v buňkách, jejichž požadavky na dodávku energie v průběhu času značně kolísají a jsou schopné vysokého výkonu. Můžeme jej pozorovat ve svalových vláknech, srdečních myocytech, neuronech, ale i ve spermatických buňkách, které se po probuzení k aktivitě pokouší vyhrát závod s ostatními a splnit tím svoji biologickou úlohu., The article presents information on an important cell mechanism that helps to maintain the energy balance in cells at moments when there is a sudden increase in demand for energy supply. This mechanism also facilitates the transfer of energy-rich substrata in cellular space to the locations of its consumption, and it is particularly well-developed in cells that are capable of high performance and their energy requirements vary considerably over time. We can observe it in muscle fibres, cardiac myocytes, neurons and sperm cells., and Jitka Žurmanová.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
418. Křehká víla z bahna rybníků - puchýřka útlá
- Creator:
- Kateřina Šumberová and Ducháček, Michal
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zoologie, botanika, fyziologie rostlin, pěstitelství, životní prostředí, ekologie, botany, plant physiology, horticultural education, environment, ecology, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Puchýřka útlá (Coleanthus subtilis) je vysoce ekologicky specializovaný druh jednoleté trávy (čeleď lipnicovité - Poaceae), rostoucí ve vodních nádržích a tocích po dočasném poklesu vodní hladiny. Přežít na stanovištích, která často podléhají rychlým a nečekaným změnám, jí napomáhá řada adaptací, např. velmi krátký vývojový cyklus (5-7 týdnů) a jeho proměnlivost v závislosti na konkrétních podmínkách prostředí, drobná, snadno šiřitelná semena a tvorba dlouhodobé semenné banky. Je rozšířena na třech kontinentech, avšak nejvíce lokalit je známo z rybníků v České republice, zejména v jihočeských rybničních pánvích a na Českomoravské vrchovině. Vedle příznivé kombinace přírodních faktorů (klima, geologická stavba) se za velkou koncentrací lokalit na našem území nepochybně skrývá pozoruhodná synchronizace životního cyklu puchýřky s po staletí se opakujícím hospodářským cyklem chovu kapra., Coleanthus subtilis, a highly ecologically specialised annual grass species (Poaceae), grows in water bodies and watercourses after a temporary decrease of water level, and shows a range of adaptations to this habitat subjected to fast and unexpected changes (e.g., short life cycle, phenotypic plasticity, small, easily dispersible seeds, long-term soil seed bank). The highest number of sites is known from the Czech Republic (especially South Bohemian fishpond basins and the Bohemian-Moravian Uplands). Besides natural factors (climate, geology), the remarkable synchronisation of Moss Grass life cycle with the farming cycle of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) is undoubtedly the reason for its disjunct distribution., Kateřina Šumberová, Michal Ducháček., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
419. Kudoa saudiensis sp. n. (Myxosporea: Multivalvulida) infecting oocytes of the Indian mackerel Rastrelliger kanagurta (Perciformes: Scombridae)
- Creator:
- Mansour, Lamjed, Harrath, Abdel Halim, Abdel-Baki, Abdel-Azeem S, Alwasel, Saleh, Al-Quraishy, Saleh, and Al Omar, Suliman Y
- Format:
- electronic, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fylogeneze, phylogeny, Rudé moře, Saúdská Arábie, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia, Myxozoa, ultrastructure, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- During a survey the occurrence of Kudoa quraishii Mansour, Harrath, Abd-Elkader, Alwasel, Abdel-Baki et Al Omar, 2014, recently identified in the muscles of the Indian mackerel, Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier), a species of Kudoa Meglitsch, 1947 infecting oocytes of mature females of the same host fish was found. The new species, for which the name Kudoa saudiensis sp. n. is proposed, infects oocytes that are enlarged with a whitish colour. The parasite develops in vesicular polysporous plasmodia within the oocyte. Infection occurs with a mean prevalence of 20% (7/35) of examined females. Mature spores are quadratic in shape in apical view, having four equal valves and four symmetrical polar capsules. Fresh spores are 2.4-3.6 µm long (mean ± SD 3.1 ± 0.3 µm), 4.3-5.4 µm (4.7 ± 0.3 µm) wide and 3.4-4.3 µm (3.8 ± 0.3 µm) in thickness and long. The smaller size of the new Kudoa species was the distinctive feature that separates it from all previously described species. Molecular analysis based on the SSU rDNA sequences shows that the highest percentage of similarity of 98.5% was observed with K. ovivora Swearer et Robertson, 1999, reported from oocytes of labroid fish from the Caribbean coasts of Panama. The percentage of similarity was 98% with K. azevedoi Mansour, Thabet, Chourabi, Harrath, Gtari, Al Omar et Ben Hassine, 2013 and 89% with K. quraishii. Phylogenetic analysis of the SSU and LSU rDNA data revealed a consistent of the new species with K. azevedoi and K. ovivora. Our findings support the creation of Kudoa saudiensis sp. n. that infects oocytes of the Indian mackerel Rastrelliger kanagurta., Lamjed Mansour, Abdel Halim Harrath, Abdel-Azeem S. Abdel-Baki, Saleh Alwasel, Saleh Al-Quraishy, Suliman Y. Al Omar., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
420. Kudrna O., Harpke A., Lux K., Pennerstorfer J., Schweiger O., Settele J. & Wiemers M.: Distribution Atlas of Butterflies in Europe
- Creator:
- Fric, Z.
- Type:
- article, recenze, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zoologie, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- [autor recenze] Z. Fric.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public