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82. Can bioactive compounds of Crocus sativus L. influence the metabolic activity of selected CYP enzymes in the rat?

Creator:
Dovrtělová, G., Nosková, K., Jan Juřica, Turjap, M., and Zendulka, O.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, metabolismus, physiology, metabolism, crocin, safranal, CYP, rat liver microsomes, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Safranal and crocin are biologically active compounds isolated from Crocus sativus L., commonly known as saffron. Clinical trials confirm that saffron has antidepressant effect, thus being a potential valuable alternative in the treatment of depression. The aim of the present study was to determine, whether systemic administration of safranal and crocin can influence the metabolic activity of CYP3A, CYP2C11, CYP2B, and CYP2A in rat liver microsomes (RLM). The experiments were carried out on male Wistar albino rats intragastrically administered with safranal (4, 20, and 100 mg/kg/day) or with intraperitoneal injections of crocin (4, 20, and 100 mg/kg/day). Our results demonstrate the ability of safranal and crocin to increase the total protein content and to change the metabolic activity of several CYP enzymes assessed as CYP specific hydroxylations of testosterone in RLM. Crocin significantly decreased the metabolic activity of all selected CYP enzymes, while safranal significantly increased the metabolic activity of CYP2B, CYP2C11 and CYP3A enzymes. Therefore, both substances could increase the risk of interactions with co-administered substances metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes., G. Dovrtělová, K. Nosková, J. Juřica, M. Turjap, O. Zendulka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

83. Can the gold standard be beaten? How reliable are various modifications of the Synacthen test compared to the insulin tolerance test

Creator:
Mikuláš Kosák, Michaela Dušková, Luboslav Stárka, Jandikova, H., Pospisilova, H., Sramkova, M., Václav Hána, Martin Krsek, Drahomíra Springer, and Kateřina Šimůnková
Format:
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Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, inzulin, fyziologie, insulin, physiology, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
M. Kosak, M. Duskova, L. Starka, H. Jandikova, H. Pospisilova, M. Sramkova, V. Hana, M. Krsek, D. Springer, K. Simunkova. and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

84. Carbohydrate-modified magnetic nanoparticles for radical scavenging

Creator:
Moskvin, M. and Daniel Horák
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Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, glukóza, kyselina askorbová, glucose, ascorbic acid, magnetic nanoparticles, silica, radical, scavenging, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles, 12 nm in size, were prepared by co-precipitation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) chlorides with ammonium hydroxide and oxidation with hydrogen peroxide. To achieve stability and biocompatibility, obtained particles were coated with silica, to which glucose and ascorbic acid were bound by different mechanisms. The composite particles were thoroughly characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, elemental analysis, and FT-Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy to determine composition, morphology, size and its distribution, ζ-potential, and scavenging of peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals. As the particles showed promising antioxidative properties, they may have a possible application as a stable magnetically controlled scavenger of reactive oxygen species., M. Moskvin, D. Horák., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
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85. Cardiac connexin-43 and PC signaling in rats with altered thyroid status without and with omega-3 fatty acids intake

Creator:
Szeiffová Bačová, B., Egan Beňová, T., Viczenczová, C., Tomáš Soukup, Hana Rauchová, Pavelka, S., Knezl, V., Miroslav Barančík, and Narcisa Tribulová
Format:
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Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, hormony štítné žlázy, srdeční arytmie, omega-3 mastné kyseliny, thyroid hormones, cardiac arrhythmia, omega-3 fatty acids, connexin-43, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Thyroid hormones are powerful modulators of heart function and susceptibility to arrhythmias via both genomic and non-genomic actions. We aimed to explore expression of electrical coupling protein connexin-43 (Cx43) in the heart of rats with altered thyroid status and impact of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3) supplementation. Adult male Lewis rats were divided into following six groups: euthyroid controls, hyperthyroid (treated with T3) and hypothyroid (treated with methimazol) with or without six-weeks lasting supplementation with omega-3 (20 mg/100 g/day). Left and right ventricles, septum and atria were used for immunoblotting of Cx43 and protein kinase C (PKC). Total expression of Cx43 and its phosphorylated forms were significantly increased in all heart regions of hypothyroid rats compared to euthyroid controls. In contrast, the total levels of Cx43 and its functional phosphorylated forms were decreased in atria and left ventricle of hyperthyroid rats. In parallel, the expression of PKC epsilon that phosphorylates Cx43, at serine 368, was increased in hypothyroid but decreased in hyperthyroid rat hearts. Omega-3 intake did not significantly affect either Cx43 or PKC epsilon alterations. In conclusion, there is an inverse relationship between expression of cardiac Cx43 and the levels of circulating thyroid hormones. It appears that increased propensity of hyperthyroid while decreased of hypothyroid individuals to malignant arrhythmias may be in part attributed to the changes in myocardial Cx43., B. Szeiffová Bačová, T. Egan Beňová, C. Viczenczová, T. Soukup, H. Rauchová, S. Pavelka, V. Knezl, M. Barančík, N. Tribulová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

86. Cardioprotective effects of quercetin against ischemia-reperfusion injury are age-dependent

Creator:
Monika Barteková, Radosinska, J., Dezider Pancza, Miroslav Barančík, and Ravingerova, T.
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Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, věk, srdce, ischemie, age, heart, ischemia, quercetin, ischemia-reperfusion, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Quercetin, a polyphenolic compound present in various types of food, has been shown to exert beneficial effects in different cardiac as well as non-cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) models in adult animals. However, there is no evidence about the effects of quercetin on I/R injury in non-mature animals, despite the fact that efficiency of some interventions against I/R is agedependent. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of chronic quercetin treatment on I/R injury in juvenile and adult rat hearts. Juvenile (4-week-old) as well as adult (12-week-old) rats were treated with quercetin (20 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks, hearts were excised and exposed to 25-min global ischemia followed by 40-min reperfusion. Functional parameters of hearts and occurrence of reperfusion arrhythmias were registered to assess the cardiac function. Our results have shown that quercetin improved post-ischemic recovery of LVDP, as well as recovery of markers of contraction and relaxation, +(dP/dt)max and -(dP/dt)max, respectively, in juvenile hearts, but not in adult hearts. Quercetin had no impact on incidence as well as duration of reperfusion arrhythmias in animals of both ages. We conclude that the age of rats plays an important role in heart response to quercetin treatment in the particular dose and duration of the treatment. Therefore, the age of the treated subjects should be taken into consideration when choosing the dose of quercetin and duration of its application in prevention and/or treatment of cardiovascular diseases., M. Bartekova, J. Radosinska, D. Pancza, M. Barancik, T. Ravingerova., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

87. Cardiovascular diseases, depression disorders and potential effects of omega-3 fatty acids

Creator:
Trebatická, J., Andrej Dukát, Zdeňka Ďuračková, and Jana Muchová
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Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, kardiovaskulární nemoci, omega-3 mastné kyseliny, cardiovascular diseases, omega-3 fatty acids, depressive disorders, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depressive disorders (DD) are two of the most prevalent health problems in the world. Although CVD and depression have different origin, they share some common pathophysiological characteristics and risk factors, such as the increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, endothelial dysfunction, blood flow abnormalities, decreased glucose metabolism, elevated plasma homocysteine levels, oxidative stress and disorder in vitamin D metabolism. Current findings confirm the common underlying factors for both pathologies, which are related to dramatic dietary changes in the mid-19th century. By changing dietary ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids from 1:1 to 15-20:1 some changes in metabolism were induced, such as increased pro-inflammatory mediators and m odulations of different signaling pathways following pathophysiological response related to both, cardiovascular diseases and depressive disorders., J. Trebatická, A. Dukát, Z. Ďuračková, J. Muchová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

88. Cardiovascular sympathetic arousal in response to different mental stressors

Creator:
Mestanik, M., Mestanikova, A., Visnovcova, Z., Andrea Čalkovská, and Ingrid Tonhajzerová
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Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, sympatický nervový systém, srdeční rytmus, sympathetic nervous system, heart rate, mental stress, systolic arterial pressure variability, heart rate variability, symbolic dynamics, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The altered regulation of autonomic response to mental stress can result in increased cardiovascular risk. The laboratory tests used to simulate the autonomic responses to real-life stressors do not necessarily induce generalized sympathetic activation; therefore, the assessment of regulatory outputs to different effector organs could be important. We aimed to study the cardiovascular sympathetic arousal in response to different mental stressors (Stroop test, mental arithmetic test) in 20 healthy students. The conceivable sympathetic vascular index - spectral power of low frequency band of systolic arterial pressure variability (LF-SAP) and novel potential cardiosympathetic index - symbolic dynamics heart rate variability index 0V% were evaluated. The heart and vessels responded differently to mental stress - while Stroop test induced increase of both 0V% and LF-SAP indices suggesting complex sympathetic arousal, mental arithmetic test evoked only 0V% increase compared to baseline (p<0.01, p<0.001, p<0.01, respectively). Significantly greater reactivity of LF-SAP, 0V%, heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were found in response to Stroop test compared to mental arithmetic test potentially indicating the effect of different central processing (0V%, LF-SAP: p<0.001; HR, MAP: p<0.01). The different effectors’ sympathetic responses to cognitive stressors could provide novel important information regarding potential pathomechanisms of stress-related diseases., M. Mestanik, A. Mestanikova, Z. Visnovcova, A. Calkovska, I. Tonhajzerova., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
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89. Cena IZA za ekonomii práce pro Jana Švejnara

Creator:
Marina Hužvárová, Svoboda, Luděk, and Adámková, Gabriela
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Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, Švejnar, Jan, 1952-, Institute for the Study of Labor (Bonn, Německo), Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit, věda a společnost, ceny, ekonomie, ekonomové, science and society, awards, economics, economists, ekonomie práce, 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
Marina Hužvárová, Luděk Svoboda, Gabriela Adámková.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

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