Von Willebrand disease is a commonly inherited bleeding disorder caused by defects of von Willebrand factor (vWF). In the most common valve diseases, aortic valve stenosis (AVS) and mitral valve regurgitation (MVR), a bleeding tendency has been described in a number of patients. This has been associated to a high turbulence of blood flow through the compromised valve, promoting degradation of vWF with loss of high-molecular-weight multimers of vWF (HMWM), leading to an acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AvWS). We analysed three groups of patients, one affected by AVS, treated with transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), the second group of patients affected by MVR, treated with Mitraclip® mitral valve repair. The third group was represented by patients also affected by AVS, but not eligible for TAVI and treated with standard surgery. A fourth group of patients that underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stenting was used as a control. Our results demonstrated that the level of vWF measured as antigen concentration (vWF:Ag) increases in all cohorts of patients after treatment, while in control PCI patients, no modification of vWF:Ag has been registered. Western blot analysis showed only a quantitative loss of vWF in the pre-treatment time, but without significant HMWM modification. The monitoring of the vWF:Ag concentration, but not the quality of HMWM, can indicate the status of blood flow in the treated patients, thus introducing the possibility of using the vWF antigen detection in monitoring the status of replaced or repaired valves.
The article is deals with ethnic cleansing, that is, the violent methods that constituted the central element of the civil war in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 1990s. The article aims to show the fatal consequences of the military operations that were conducted with the aim of the ethnic homogenisation of the individual territories, and were rooted in the differences in the demographic development of the constituent peoples (the Serbs, Croatians, and Muslim Bosniaks) of Bosnia and Herzegovina before the outbreak of the confl ict and the impact of this development on the transformation of the ethnic composition of the individual regions. After defi ning the terms ''ethnic cleansing'' and ''genocide,'' the author analyses the character and extent of the violent local homogenisation that led to the greatest refugee crisis in Europe since the end of the Second World War. On the basis of a summary of the individual stages of the ethnic cleansing during the war from 1992 to 1995, the author seeks to demonstrate that the civil war in Bosnia and Herzegovina at fi rst erupted mainly in places that had, during the last two decades before the breakup of Yugoslavia, manifested the most striking changes in the ethnic representation of the constituent nations (chiefl y the Eastern Orthodox Serbs and the Muslims). In the second part of the text, the author focuses on analysing the strategic interests of the elites of the Serbs, Croats, and Bosniaks and the forms these interests took during the violent ethnic homogenisation of the territory under their military control.
We study the weak hereditary class $S_{w}(\mathcal K)$ of all weak subalgebras of algebras in a total variety $\mathcal K$. We establish an algebraic characterization, in the sense of Birkhoff’s HSP theorem, and a syntactical characterization of these classes. We also consider the problem of when such a weak hereditary class is weak equational.
We present a weaker version of the Fremlin generalized McShane integral (1995) for functions defined on a $\sigma $-finite outer regular quasi Radon measure space $(S,\Sigma ,\mathcal {T},\mu )$ into a Banach space $X$ and study its relation with the Pettis integral. In accordance with this new method of integration, the resulting integral can be expressed as a limit of McShane sums with respect to the weak topology. It is shown that a function $f$ from $S$ into $X$ is weakly McShane integrable on each measurable subset of $S$ if and only if it is Pettis and weakly McShane integrable on $S$. On the other hand, we prove that if an $X$-valued function is weakly McShane integrable on $S$, then it is Pettis integrable on each member of an increasing sequence $(S_\ell )_{\ell \geq 1}$ of measurable sets of finite measure with union $S$. For weakly sequentially complete spaces or for spaces that do not contain a copy of $c_0$, a weakly McShane integrable function on $S$ is always Pettis integrable. A class of functions that are weakly McShane integrable on $S$ but not Pettis integrable is included.
In the paper a simple proof of the Weierstrass approximation theorem on a function continuous on a compact interval of the real line is given. The proof is elementary in the sense that it does not use uniform continuity.
We apply a traditional method of surface wave tomography as a new approach to investigate the uppermost crust velocities in the Western Bohemia region (Czech Republic). It enables us to look for velocity distribution in a small scale of tens of kilometers. We measure Rayleigh wave group velocity dispersion curves in a period range 0.25 - 2.0 s along paths crossing the region of interest. We use modified multiple-filtering method for frequency-time analysis. We compute 2-D tomography maps of group velocity distribution in the region for eight selected periods using the standard methods and programs described in literature. We discuss the velocity distribution with respect to results of former study by Nehybka and Skácelová (1997). We present a set of local dispersion curves which may be further inverted to obtain a 3-D shear wave velocity image of the area., Petr Kolínský and Johana Brokešová., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
The solid-state NMR measurements play an indispensable role in studies of interactions between biological membranes and peptaibols, which are amphipathic oligopeptides with a high abundance of α-aminobutyric acid (Aib). The solid-state NMR investigations are important in establishing the molecular models of the pore forming and antimicrobial properties of peptaibols, but rely on certain simplifications. Some of the underlying assumptions concern the parameters describing the 15N NMR chemical shielding tensor (CST) of the amide nitrogens in Aib and in conventional amino acids. Here the density functional theory (DFT) based calculations were applied to the known crystal structure of one of peptaibols, Ampullosporin A, in order to explicitly describe the variation of the 15N NMR parameters within its backbone. Based on the DFT computational data it was possible to verify the validity of the assumptions previously made about the differences between Aib and other amino acids in the isotropic part of the CST. Also the trends in the magnitudes and orientations of the anisotropic components of the CST, as revealed by the DFT calculations of the full periodic structure of Ampullosporin A, were thoroughly analyzed, and may be employed in future studies of peptaibols., J. Czernek, J. Brus., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Motivated by the fact that logicians and computer scientists working
in fuzzy logic hardly seem to take notice of the prolific and broad discourse on vagueness in analytic philosophy, we provide an overview of the most irnportant topics and trends in the ‘vagueness debate’. In particnlar we list a range of different phenornena of vagueness that should be addressed by any full-fledged theory of vagueness. Moreover we propose a classiíication of theories of vagueness and suggest various criteria for their evaluation.