This paper is closely related to the paper of Harry I. Miller: Measure theoretical subsequence characterization of statistical convergence, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 347 (1995), 1811–1819 and contains a general investigation of statistical convergence of subsequences of an arbitrary sequence from the point of view of Lebesgue measure, Hausdorff dimensions and Baire’s categories.
The results obtained by four years long TM 71 extensometer monitoring of 3D micro-tectonic displacements of Dinaric Fault Zone on two sites, being 260 m apart in Postojna Cave, were statistically evaluated with different methods (Kolmogorov- Smirnov test, comparison between relative displacement and earthquakes, linear regression, Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance, histograms and correlation coefficients). Responses to stress changes regarding x, y and z-axes are not the same on two monitoring sites even if we are monitoring the same fault zone. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for comparing the two curves is applicable only for three axes combination (Postojna 1 z - Postojna 2 z, Postojna 2 y - Postojna 1 z, and Postojna 2 z - Postojna 2 y). Kruskal-Wallis analysis is most representative for z-axes. Some sharp peaks coincide with earthquake occurrences (Krn M=5.2, Cerkno M=4.0, Ilirska Bistrica M=3.9, Brežice M=2.9 and Krško M=3.1). Generally we detect very small tectonic deformations, dextral horizontal movement of 0.05 mm in 4 years for Postojna 1 and extension of 0.03 mm in 4 years for Postojna 2. Discrepancies between two sites can be attributed to complex geological structure and by the fact that studied fault zone is cut by cross-Dinaric fault zone., Stanka Šebela, Janez Turk, Janez Mulec, Blahoslav Košťák and Josef Stemberk., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Applications of artificial intelligence in engineering disciplines have become widespread and have provided alternative solutions to engineering problems. Image processing technology (IPT) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) are types of artificial intelligence methods. However, IPT and ANN have been used together in extremely few studies. In this study, these two methods were used to deter- mine the compressive strength of concrete, a complex material whose mechanical features are difficult to predict. Sixty cube-shaped specimens were manufactured, and images of specific features of the specimens were taken before they were tested to determine their compressive strengths. An ANN model was constituted as a result of the process of digitizing the images. In this way, the two different artificial intelligence methods were used together to carry out the analysis. The compressive strength values of the concrete obtained via analytical modeling were compared with the test results. The results of the comparison (R² = 0:9837-0:9961) indicate that the combination of these two artificial intelligence methods is highly capable of predicting the compressive strengths of the specimens. The model's predictive capability was also evaluated in terms of several statistical parameters using a set of statistical methods during the digitization of the images constituting the artificial neural network.
In this paper we analyze the use of statistics and associated problems, in three Czech biological journals in the year 2000. We investigated 23 articles Folia Biologica, 60 articles in Folia Microbiologica, and 88 articles in Physiological Research. The highest frequency of publications with statistical content have used descriptive statistics and t-test. The most usual mistake concerns the absence of reference about the used statistical software and insufficient description of the data. We have compared our results with the results of similar studies in some other medical journals. The use of important statistical methods is comparable with those used in most medical journals, the proportion of articles, in which the applied method is described insufficiently is moderately low., T. Pilčík., and Obsahuje bibliografii
In this paper we show that in a tree with vertex weights the vertices with the second smallest status and those with the second smallest branch-weight are the same.
Two species of animals are competing in the same environment. Under what conditions do they coexist peacefully? Or under what conditions does either one of the two species become extinct, that is, is either one of the two species excluded by the other? It is natural to say that they can coexist peacefully if their rates of reproduction and self-limitation are relatively larger than those of competition rates. In other words, they can survive if they interact strongly among themselves and weakly with others. We investigate this phenomena in mathematical point of view. In this paper we concentrate on coexistence solutions of the competition model \[ \left\rbrace \begin{array}{ll}\Delta u + u(a - g(u,v)) = 0, \Delta v + v(d - h(u,v)) = 0& \text{in} \ \Omega , u|_{\partial \Omega } = v|_{\partial \Omega } = 0. \end{array}\right.\] This system is the general model for the steady state of a competitive interacting system. The techniques used in this paper are elliptic theory, super-sub solutions, maximum principles, implicit function theorem and spectrum estimates. The arguments also rely on some detailed properties of the solution of logistic equations.
Steady-state system of equations for incompressible, possibly non-Newtonean of the p-power type, viscous flow coupled with the heat equation is considered in a smooth bounded domain Ω ⊂ ℝn, n = 2 or 3, with heat sources allowed to have a natural L1- structure and even to be measures. The existence of a distributional solution is shown by a fixed-point technique for sufficiently small data if p > 3/2 (for n = 2) or if p > 9/5 (for n = 3).
Stem cells biology is one of the most frequent topic of physiological research of today. Spinal fusion represents common bone biology challenge. It is the indicator of osteoinduction and new bone formation on ectopic model. The purpose of this study was to establish a simple model of spinal fusion based on a rat model including verification of the possible use of titanium microplates with hydroxyapatite scaffold combined with human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Spinous processes of two adjacent vertebrae were fixed in 15 Wistar rats. The space between bony vertebral arches and spinous processes was either filled with augmentation material only and covered with a resorbable collagen membrane (Group 1), or filled with augmentation material loaded with 5 × 10 6 MSCs and covered with a resorbable collagen membrane (Group 2). The rats were sacrificed 8 weeks after the surgery. Histology, histomorphometry and micro-CT were performed. The new model of interspinous fusion was safe, easy, inexpensive, with zero mortality. We did not detect any substantial pathological changes or tumor formation after graft implantation. We observed a nonsignificant effect on the formation of new bone tissue between Group 1 and Group 2. In the group with MSCs (Group 2) we described mino r inflamatory response which indicates the imunomodulational and antiinflamatory role of MSCs. In conclusion, this new model proved to be easy to use in small animals like rats., K. Klíma, V. Vaněček, A. Kohout, O. Jiroušek, R. Foltán, J. Štulík, V. Machoň, G. Pavlíková, P. Jendelová, E. Syková, J. Šedý., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The prediction of size extremes in Wicksell’s corpuscle problem with oblate spheroids is considered. Three-dimensional particles are represented by their planar sections (profiles) and the problem is to predict their extremal size under the assumption of a constant shape factor. The stability of the domain of attraction of the size extremes is proved under the tail equivalence condition. A simple procedure is proposed of evaluating the normalizing constants from the tail behaviour of appropriate distribution functions and its results are employed for the estimation of the spheroid size. Examples covering families of Gamma, Pareto and Weibull distributions are provided. A short discussion of maximum likelihood estimators of the normalizing constants is also included.
Progesterone, estrogens, androgens and glucocorticoids all play important roles during pregnancy, from implantation to delivery. Focusing on selected steroid hormones in the peripartum period, we defined reference ranges measured using LS-MS/MS, and assessed relationships with maternal age, pregnancy weight gain, delivery type, and fetal sex. Samples were taken from 142 healthy women with physiological gravidity at the 37th week, during the first period of labor, and from newborn mixed cord blood. We found higher cortisol and 17-OH-pregnenolone plasma levels in mothers at the 37th week that carried male fetuses (p=0.03), but no significant differences in any studied hormones in newborns of different sex. Neither maternal age nor weight gain nor newborn birth weight had any relationships to any of the studied hormones. However, there were differences depending on vaginal versus planned cesarean section deliveries. In women carrying a male fetus we found significantly higher levels of 17-OH-pregnenolone, progesterone, cortisol, corticosterone and significantly lower levels of estradiol in those undergoing spontaneous vaginal delivery. However, we found no significant differences in the cord blood of newborn males from either delivery type. We established reference ranges for our analysis methods, which should be useful for further studies as well as in standard clinical practice., K. Adamcová, L. Kolátorová, T. Škodová, M. Šimková, A. Pařízek, L. Stárka, M. Dušková., and Obsahuje bibliografii