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12. Myth and religion in Kr̥ṣṇā Sobtī’s Zindagīnāmā
- Creator:
- Offredi, Mariola
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Hindi novel, Krishna Sobti, myth and religion, and India
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This paper takes into consideration the role of myth and religion in Kr̥ṣṇā Sobtī’s novel Zindagīnāmā [A book of life, 1979]. The introduction highlights the composition of Śāhjī’s household, where people of different faiths live, and explores the fellowship among Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs, which was a distinguishing feature of Sufism in pre-partition Panjab. The introduction is followed by a section which deals with the core theme of myth and religion. Three main myths are dealt with in the narrative: the Islamic myth of Khvājā Khizr; a Hindu myth based on the concept of avtār; and the Hindu myth of the sun and the moon. When compared with the myth, however, it is religion which plays a more important role in the novel. The paper analyzes the subject of religion through three main characters: spirituality, through Śāhjī’s younger brother, Kāśī Śāh; religion in everyday life, through Śāhjī’s wife, Śāhnī; and human love and divine love, through the young Muslim girl, Rābyā̃, with whom Śāhjī falls in love. Her name recalls the greatest woman Sufi mystic poet, Rābi‘a of Basra (c. 717-801), who introduced the concept of Divine Love. As the theme of divine love is closely linked to Sufism, it is the love-romances of the Panjabi Sufi poets, in particular, that are incorporated into the story.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
13. New data on the morphology and taxonomy of three species of Rhabdochona (Nematoda: Rhabdochonidae) parasitizing fishes in India
- Creator:
- Moravec, František, Scholz, Tomáš, Ash, Anirban, and Kar, Pradip Kumar
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- parasitic nematode, Rhabdochona, morphology, taxonomy, freshwater fish, Schizothorax, Tor, Clupisoma, and India
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Specimens of three little-known species of Rhabdochona (Nematoda: Rhabdochonidae) were collected during occasional examinations of some freshwater fishes in India: R. (Rhabdochona) hellichi turkestanica (Skryabin, 1917) in Schizothorax sp. (Cyprinidae, Cypriniformes) from the Lodhomakhola and Rangit Rivers, West Bengal and Sikkim, respectively; R. (R.) hospeti Thapar, 1950 in Tor sp. (Cyprinidae) from the Rangit River; and R. (Globochona) mazeedi Prasad et Sahay, 1965 in Clupisoma garua (Hamilton) (Schilbeidae, Siluriformes) from the Farakka Dam Lake, West Bengal. Their detailed light and electron microscopical studies revealed some taxonomically important, previously not observed features and made possible their redescription. Fourth-stage larvae of R. hospeti are described for the first time. Rhabdochona hellichi turkestanica (syns. R. denudata filamentosa Bykhovskaya-Pavlovskaya, 1936, R. kashmirensis Thapar, 1950, R. schizothoracis Siddiqi et Khattak, 1984) is proposed as a subspecies, differing from the nominotypical subspecies R. hellichi hellichi (Šrámek, 1901) mainly in the shape of the distal end of the left spicule, molecular data and geographical distribution. Rhabdochona moraveci Katoch et Kalia, 1991 (a homonym to R. moraveci Duggal et Kaur, 1987) is renamed R. indica nom. n. The following six species are considered new junior synonyms of R. hospeti: Comephronema [sic] mackiewiczi Malhotra et Rautela, 1984, Rhabdochona moraveci Duggal et Kaur, 1987, R. bifidum Kakar et Bilqees, 2007, R. uvaginus Kakar et Bilqees, 2007, R. bolani Kakar, Bilqees et Ahmad, 2008 and R. cephalodiverticula Kakar, Bilqees et Ahmad, 2008. Rhabdochona edentati Paul et Majumdar, 1994 is considered a species incertae sedis.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
14. Physiological efficiencies in mini-core peanut germplasm accessions during summer season
- Creator:
- Singh, A. L., Nakar, R. N., Chakraborty, K., and Kalariya, K. A.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fotosyntéza, photosynthesis, Indie, India, chlorophyll fluorescence, core collection, crop productivity, gene bank, Arachis hypogaea, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- In the present study, the physiological efficiencies of 181 mini-core peanut accessions (genotypes) were evaluated according to variability in their physiological performance in the field during summer (2012). Genotypes were categorized into groups of high, medium, and low physiological activity. Thirty-four genotypes showed high net photosynthetic rate (PN > 33 μmol m-2 s-1), 28 genotypes exhibited high stomatal conductance (gs > 0.54 mmol m-2 s-1), 33 genotypes manifested high transpiration rate (E > 11.8 mmol m-2 s-1), 30 genotypes performed with high water-use efficiency (WUE > 3.8), 30 genotypes reached high chlorophyll SPAD values (SCMR > 40), and 35 genotypes showed high maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm > 0.86). In addition, few genotypes showed high values for multiple physiological traits. A total of 54 genotypes exhibited higher values in two, 20 genotypes showed a high value in three, and in eight genotypes, high values occurred in four different physiological traits. Interestingly, only two genotypes, NRCG 14493 and 14507, showed high values for five different traits. Positive correlation was observed between gs and PN, E, and gs, and between PN and Fv/Fm, while WUE and E showed a negative correlation. The genotypes with high PN, gs, and WUE coupled with high SCMR and Fv/Fm could be used in peanut crop improvement programme for yield enhancement as well as stress tolerance., A. L. Singh, R. N. Nakar, K. Chakraborty, K. A. Kalariya., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
15. Prevalence of mutation and phenotypic expression associated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax
- Creator:
- Zakai, Haytham A., Khan, Wajihullah, and Asma, Umme
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- molecular study, malaria, drug resistance, India, and Saudi Arabia
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Therapeutic efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), which is commonly used to treat falciparum malaria, was assessed in isolates of Plasmodium falciparum (Welch, 1897) and Plasmodium vivax (Grassi et Feletti, 1890) of Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, North India and Taif, Saudi Arabia during 2011-2012. Both the species showed mutations in dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) enzyme as they have common biochemical drug targets. Mutation rate for pfdhfr was higher compared to pvdhfr because the drug was mainly given to treat falciparum malaria. Since both the species coexist, P. vivax was also exposed to SP due to faulty species diagnosis or medication without specific diagnosis. Low level of mutations against SP in P. falciparum of Saudi isolates indicates that the SP combination is still effective for the treatment of falciparum malaria. Since SP is used as first-line of treatment because of high level of resistance against chloroquine (CQ), it may result in spread of higher level of mutations resulting in drug resistance and treatment failure in near future. Therefore, to avoid further higher mutations in the parasite, use of better treatment regimens such as artesunate combination therapy must be introduced against SP combination.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
16. Ritacestus gen. n. (Cestoda: Proteocephalidea) and redescription of R. ritaii comb. n., a parasite of Rita rita (Siluriformes) in India
- Creator:
- Chambrier, Alain de, Scholz, Tomáš, Ash, Anirban, and Kar, Pradip Kumar
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- morphology, taxonomy, neotype, Eucestoda, Gangesiinae, freshwater fish, Ganges River, and India
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- A new genus, Ritacestus, is proposed to accommodate Ritacestus ritaii (Verma, 1926) comb. n. (syn. Proteocephalus ritaii), a parasite of the catfish Rita rita (Hamilton) in India. The new genus, which is placed in the Gangesiinae, is characterized by (i) a small, subspherical scolex formed by four large lobes separated from one another by longitudinal grooves, with a large, widely oval to pyriform rostellum-like apical organ, larger than suckers and possessing an apical hemispherical depression; (ii) paramuscular and cortical position of some vitelline follicles (most follicles are situated medullary); (iii) ventral and dorsal bands of vitelline follicles usually uninterrupted ventral to terminal genitalia and reaching to the posterior margin of proglottides; (iv) the vagina always anterior to the cirrus-sac; (v) a large size of the body (length up to 51 cm); and (vi) development of the uterus of type 2. In its morphology, especially shape of the scolex and apical organ, and paramuscular and cortical position of some vitelline follicles, Ritacestus resembles Postgangesia Akhmerov, 1969, but differs in the presence of a genital atrium (both genital pores of Postgangesia are separate), the anterior position of the vagina (almost always posterior in the latter genus), position of vitelline follicles in cross sections (dorsal and ventral bands in Ritacestus versus only a lateral band in the latter genus), and dorsal excretory canals indistinguishable in mature and gravid proglottides of R. ritaii (well developed in Postgangesia spp.). The type and only species of the genus, R. ritaii, is redescribed on the basis of new material from the type host from the Ganges River basin in India and its neotype is designated.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
17. Two more Homeric scenes in India
- Creator:
- Derrett, J. Duncan M.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- India and Homeric Hymns
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- That early Buddhists were acquainted with the Homeric Hymns is vehemently suspected. That Homer’s epics were used by them has not been suspected. Buddhists of perhaps the third to fourth centuries clearly used two episodes, the Pyre of Patroclus and Odysseus’ Bow. Adaptations and variations lead to a suspicion that the stories, admired by Buddhist authors, were worked over more than once. That the Greek text of the original epics was used at that relatively late period has not been established.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
18. V Indii proběhla mezinárodní soutěž QUANTA 2009
- Creator:
- Kluiber, Zdeněk
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- soutěže, fyzika, contests, physics, Indie, India, 6, and 53
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Zdeněk Kluiber.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public